Details for: MACROH2A1

Gene ID: 9555

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: MACROH2A1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000113648

Description: macroH2A.1 histone

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 107.47
    rCSI 86.9%
    PRS 9.61
  • hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037
    CSI 106.23
    rCSI 70.6%
    PRS 11.6
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 91.21
    rCSI 80.1%
    PRS 10.93
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 90.95
    rCSI 75.32%
    PRS 9.74
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 89.36
    rCSI 77.37%
    PRS 10.84
  • elicited macrophage CL0000861
    CSI 88.92
    rCSI 81.64%
    PRS 11.15
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 86.8
    rCSI 78.39%
    PRS 8.6
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 84.76
    rCSI 65.3%
    PRS 8.8
  • fraction A pre-pro B cell CL0002045
    CSI 78.63
    rCSI 90.01%
    PRS 20.06
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 74.13
    rCSI 73.98%
    PRS 8.34
  • common lymphoid progenitor CL0000051
    CSI 68.28
    rCSI 91.25%
    PRS 18.58
  • common dendritic progenitor CL0001029
    CSI 66.08
    rCSI 82.93%
    PRS 12.42
  • conventional dendritic cell CL0000990
    CSI 54.62
    rCSI 45.6%
    PRS 29.59
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 53.75
    rCSI 62.07%
    PRS 8.63
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 52.98
    rCSI 55.37%
    PRS 10.27
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 50.7
    rCSI 46.78%
    PRS 9.87
  • promonocyte CL0000559
    CSI 47.31
    rCSI 81.06%
    PRS 13.04
  • promyelocyte CL0000836
    CSI 45.62
    rCSI 65.79%
    PRS 13.56
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 45.26
    rCSI 43.57%
    PRS 10.04
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 44.43
    rCSI 39.08%
    PRS 7.04
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI 43.24
    rCSI 32.49%
    PRS 10.06
  • hematopoietic precursor cell CL0008001
    CSI 42.75
    rCSI 43.98%
    PRS 15.82
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 42.37
    rCSI 63.93%
    PRS 9.59
  • CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell CL0002399
    CSI 40.92
    rCSI 49.42%
    PRS 11.44
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 38.19
    rCSI 52.04%
    PRS 8.69
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 37.7
    rCSI 62.1%
    PRS 11.39
  • pancreatic D cell CL0000173
    CSI 37.16
    rCSI 36.55%
    PRS 10.57
  • precursor B cell CL0000817
    CSI 34.87
    rCSI 30.54%
    PRS 12.99
  • myeloid dendritic cell CL0000782
    CSI 34.63
    rCSI 50.17%
    PRS 14.35
  • classical monocyte CL0000860
    CSI 34.34
    rCSI 50.91%
    PRS 66.05
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 33.64
    rCSI 27.89%
    PRS 9.21
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 33.31
    rCSI 29.56%
    PRS 9.73
  • alternatively activated macrophage CL0000890
    CSI 32.41
    rCSI 40.74%
    PRS 14.87
  • hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell CL0000837
    CSI 32.33
    rCSI 77.8%
    PRS 15.48
  • retina horizontal cell CL0000745
    CSI 31.12
    rCSI 47.44%
    PRS 9.11
  • pulmonary ionocyte CL0017000
    CSI 30.76
    rCSI 37.45%
    PRS 12.25
  • colon goblet cell CL0009039
    CSI 28.49
    rCSI 67.74%
    PRS 14.61
  • OFF-bipolar cell CL0000750
    CSI 28.12
    rCSI 38.45%
    PRS 16.31
  • large pre-B-II cell CL0000957
    CSI 28.06
    rCSI 80.11%
    PRS 17.03
  • M cell of gut CL0000682
    CSI 27.99
    rCSI 29.74%
    PRS 17.33
  • transit amplifying cell CL0009010
    CSI 27.76
    rCSI 42.46%
    PRS 15.79
  • pancreatic A cell CL0000171
    CSI 26.04
    rCSI 27.28%
    PRS 10.37
  • lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000838
    CSI 25.99
    rCSI 100%
    PRS 16.03
  • plasmacytoid dendritic cell, human CL0001058
    CSI 25.9
    rCSI 18.08%
    PRS 10.25
  • keratinocyte CL0000312
    CSI 24.81
    rCSI 20.79%
    PRS 11.64
  • Hofbauer cell CL3000001
    CSI 24.79
    rCSI 46.81%
    PRS 12.07
  • dendritic cell CL0000451
    CSI 23.54
    rCSI 29%
    PRS 31.85
  • non-classical monocyte CL0000875
    CSI 22.71
    rCSI 36.4%
    PRS 30.82
  • ionocyte CL0005006
    CSI 22.04
    rCSI 23.62%
    PRS 8.95
  • radial glial cell CL0000681
    CSI 21.8
    rCSI 30.28%
    PRS 10.04
  • enteroendocrine cell CL0000164
    CSI 21.49
    rCSI 29.36%
    PRS 10.74
  • enterocyte CL0000584
    CSI 21.29
    rCSI 34.34%
    PRS 15.56
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 21.03
    rCSI 32.5%
    PRS 9.11
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 20.35
    rCSI 16.08%
    PRS 6.7
  • deuterosomal cell CL4033044
    CSI 20.26
    rCSI 68.49%
    PRS 16.56
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 20.12
    rCSI 24.15%
    PRS 9.61
  • monocyte CL0000576
    CSI 20.09
    rCSI 36.32%
    PRS 26.82
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 19.75
    rCSI 22.84%
    PRS 7.12
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 19.21
    rCSI 20.12%
    PRS 9.04
  • mucous neck cell CL0000651
    CSI 19.08
    rCSI 27.5%
    PRS 15.68
  • foveolar cell of stomach CL0002179
    CSI 18.92
    rCSI 40.27%
    PRS 15.72
  • CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002397
    CSI 18.9
    rCSI 24.76%
    PRS 13.61
  • tracheal goblet cell CL1000329
    CSI 18.51
    rCSI 40.41%
    PRS 19.76
  • lung macrophage CL1001603
    CSI 18.44
    rCSI 41.18%
    PRS 11.03
  • forebrain radial glial cell CL0013000
    CSI 18.2
    rCSI 58.4%
    PRS 14.38
  • goblet cell CL0000160
    CSI 17.27
    rCSI 16.32%
    PRS 10.15
  • colon macrophage CL0009038
    CSI 17.01
    rCSI 78.56%
    PRS 20.69
  • progenitor cell CL0011026
    CSI 16.93
    rCSI 36%
    PRS 17.65
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine CL0009017
    CSI 16.79
    rCSI 45.25%
    PRS 12.56
  • CD14-positive monocyte CL0001054
    CSI 16.46
    rCSI 20.51%
    PRS 13.93
  • paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine CL1000343
    CSI 16.09
    rCSI 45.1%
    PRS 15.09
  • epithelial cell CL0000066
    CSI 15.86
    rCSI 24.37%
    PRS 13.92
  • macrophage CL0000235
    CSI 15.78
    rCSI 28.71%
    PRS 40.24
  • late pro-B cell CL0002048
    CSI 15.58
    rCSI 39.05%
    PRS 30.03
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 15.54
    rCSI 19.93%
    PRS 11.22
  • plasmacytoid dendritic cell CL0000784
    CSI 15.05
    rCSI 15.25%
    PRS 53
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 13.9
    rCSI 17.29%
    PRS 10.33
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 13.82
    rCSI 20.22%
    PRS 10.29
  • class switched memory B cell CL0000972
    CSI 13.76
    rCSI 10.27%
    PRS 16.4
  • Langerhans cell CL0000453
    CSI 13.75
    rCSI 20.99%
    PRS 17.02
  • pancreatic PP cell CL0002275
    CSI 13.74
    rCSI 54.69%
    PRS 17.12
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 13.65
    rCSI 33.18%
    PRS 5.6
  • myeloid cell CL0000763
    CSI 13.49
    rCSI 55.55%
    PRS 36.6
  • unswitched memory B cell CL0000970
    CSI 12.93
    rCSI 10.88%
    PRS 15.94
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 12.56
    rCSI 47.04%
    PRS 8.29
  • type EC enteroendocrine cell CL0000577
    CSI 12.47
    rCSI 44.25%
    PRS 15.96
  • cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron CL0010011
    CSI 12.26
    rCSI 36.2%
    PRS 12.13
  • myeloid dendritic cell, human CL0001057
    CSI 12.13
    rCSI 68.26%
    PRS 30.9
  • paneth cell CL0000510
    CSI 12.07
    rCSI 17.82%
    PRS 15.32
  • respiratory hillock cell CL4030023
    CSI 12.07
    rCSI 21.52%
    PRS 16.56
  • enteroendocrine cell of small intestine CL0009006
    CSI 12.06
    rCSI 26.56%
    PRS 14.88
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 11.94
    rCSI 12.46%
    PRS 9.98
  • type L enteroendocrine cell CL0002279
    CSI 11.82
    rCSI 22.17%
    PRS 19.24
  • basophil mast progenitor cell CL0002028
    CSI 11.64
    rCSI 62.13%
    PRS 35.8
  • lung interstitial macrophage CL4033043
    CSI 11.64
    rCSI 26.13%
    PRS 21.17
  • transit amplifying cell of small intestine CL0009012
    CSI 11.56
    rCSI 50.76%
    PRS 18.21
  • CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte CL0002057
    CSI 11.5
    rCSI 69.55%
    PRS 21.98
  • lung neuroendocrine cell CL1000223
    CSI 11.15
    rCSI 16.49%
    PRS 11.15
  • mononuclear phagocyte CL0000113
    CSI 10.56
    rCSI 23.25%
    PRS 10.71
  • colonocyte CL1000347
    CSI 10.46
    rCSI 15%
    PRS 13.34
  • tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell CL0019019
    CSI -12.8
    rCSI -22.5%
    PRS 12.9%
  • brush cell CL0002204
    CSI -11.3
    rCSI -22.4%
    PRS 26.6%
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI -8.2
    rCSI -14.4%
    PRS 7.2%
  • effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001044
    CSI -7.5
    rCSI -21.4%
    PRS 14.1%
  • pulmonary artery endothelial cell CL1001568
    CSI -5.7
    rCSI -7.8%
    PRS 14.9%
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000913
    CSI -4.8
    rCSI -4.4%
    PRS 14.9%
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI -4.7
    rCSI -7.5%
    PRS 6.4%
  • mature T cell CL0002419
    CSI -4.2
    rCSI -3.3%
    PRS 14.0%
  • Schwann cell CL0002573
    CSI -4.2
    rCSI -11.8%
    PRS 12.0%
  • regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131
    CSI -3.5
    rCSI -21.6%
    PRS 7.8%
  • renal beta-intercalated cell CL0002201
    CSI -3.1
    rCSI -7.5%
    PRS 12.0%
  • fibroblast of cardiac tissue CL0002548
    CSI -2.8
    rCSI -13.2%
    PRS 6.3%
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI -2.4
    rCSI -4.8%
    PRS 7.2%
  • cardiac neuron CL0010022
    CSI -2.3
    rCSI -7.5%
    PRS 7.1%
  • L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030063
    CSI -1.3
    rCSI -3.2%
    PRS 5.3%
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000897
    CSI -1.2
    rCSI -0.8%
    PRS 13.2%
  • exhausted T cell CL0011025
    CSI -1.0
    rCSI -17.7%
    PRS 40.3%
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI -1.0
    rCSI -1.3%
    PRS 6.1%
  • midzonal region hepatocyte CL0019028
    CSI -0.9
    rCSI -2.1%
    PRS 15.6%
  • dopaminergic neuron CL0000700
    CSI -0.7
    rCSI -3.8%
    PRS 3.7%
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI -0.5
    rCSI -1.5%
    PRS 6.7%
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI -0.4
    rCSI -0.4%
    PRS 5.7%
  • bronchiolar smooth muscle cell CL4033017
    CSI -0.2
    rCSI -2.5%
    PRS 31.3%
  • fibroblast of breast CL4006000
    CSI -0.1
    rCSI -0.4%
    PRS 25.8%
  • B-2 B cell CL0000822
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 51.6%
  • glycinergic amacrine cell CL4030028
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.3%
    PRS 10.0%
  • NKp44-negative group 3 innate lymphoid cell, human CL0001080
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 3.9%
    PRS 72.5%
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.5%
    PRS 7.5%
  • renal interstitial pericyte CL1001318
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.6%
    PRS 9.5%
  • vein endothelial cell of respiratory system CL4033008
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 19.1%
  • lung pericyte CL0009089
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.7%
    PRS 11.6%
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.5%
    PRS 5.7%
  • enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine CL0002071
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 18.0%
  • activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000896
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 0.3%
    PRS 17.8%
  • parietal cell CL0000162
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 51.9%
  • hair follicular keratinocyte CL2000092
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 6.6%
    PRS 39.3%
  • follicular B cell CL0000843
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 39.8%
  • stromal cell of ovary CL0002132
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 16.2%
  • keratocyte CL0002363
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 14.7%
  • Bergmann glial cell CL0000644
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 0.6%
    PRS 10.1%
  • prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell CL2000059
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 10.6%
    PRS 34.4%
  • immature innate lymphoid cell CL0001082
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 14.6%
    PRS 81.3%
  • acinar cell of salivary gland CL0002623
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 11.3%
    PRS 16.9%
  • L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030067
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 4.8%
  • cone retinal bipolar cell CL0000752
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 7.2%
    PRS 40.5%
  • IgG plasma cell CL0000985
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 0.7%
    PRS 16.8%
  • epithelial cell of urethra CL1000296
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 15.6%
    PRS 32.3%
  • ventricular cardiac muscle cell CL2000046
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 39.5%
  • luminal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002340
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 17.6%
  • amacrine cell CL0000561
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 7.9%
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 9.0%
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 6.0%
  • kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001107
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 9.1%
  • antibody secreting cell CL0000946
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 40.2%
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 0.6%
    PRS 10.3%
  • pulmonary alveolar type 1 cell CL0002062
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 4.7%
    PRS 13.3%
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 10.6%
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000934
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 20.4%
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000794
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 16.9%
  • S cone cell CL0003050
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 3.8%
    PRS 7.3%
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 9.7%
  • vascular associated smooth muscle cell CL0000359
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 11.9%
  • ON midget ganglion cell CL4033046
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 17.9%
    PRS 7.8%
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 5.3%
  • periportal region hepatocyte CL0019026
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 3.8%
    PRS 14.5%
  • retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 7.2%
  • natural T-regulatory cell CL0000903
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 27.0%
  • Cajal-Retzius cell CL0000695
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 7.9%
    PRS 21.7%
  • cholangiocyte CL1000488
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 6.3%
    PRS 16.5%
  • transitional stage B cell CL0000818
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 3.6%
    PRS 28.6%
  • endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid CL0019022
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 16.3%
  • T follicular helper cell CL0002038
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 15.8%
  • ON parasol ganglion cell CL4033052
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 16.3%
    PRS 6.8%
  • neuroplacodal cell CL0000032
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 10.6%
    PRS 31.5%
  • retinal pigment epithelial cell CL0002586
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 10.4%
  • OFF midget ganglion cell CL4033047
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 23.8%
    PRS 8.7%
  • mucus secreting cell CL0000319
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 12.6%
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, terminally differentiated CL0001062
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 6.3%
    PRS 12.7%
  • endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel CL0002138
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 30.0%
  • H2 horizontal cell CL0004218
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 6.9%
    PRS 11.3%
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 7.8%
  • stromal cell CL0000499
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 14.0%
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 9.1%
  • neuron CL0000540
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 8.1%
  • naive T cell CL0000898
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 13.9%
  • endothelial cell of uterus CL0009095
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 11.6%
    PRS 26.8%
  • basal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002341
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 4.8%
    PRS 21.8%
  • kidney epithelial cell CL0002518
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 23.2%
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 7.6%
  • mature alpha-beta T cell CL0000791
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 6.5%
    PRS 16.7%
  • lung endothelial cell CL1001567
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 4.5%
    PRS 23.8%
  • intrahepatic cholangiocyte CL0002538
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 4.7%
    PRS 18.0%
  • neural progenitor cell CL0011020
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 8.6%
    PRS 9.6%
  • small pre-B-II cell CL0000954
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 20.5%
  • basal-myoepithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002324
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 21.3%
  • centrilobular region hepatocyte CL0019029
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 5.2%
    PRS 16.3%
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 8.4%
  • glandular epithelial cell CL0000150
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 5.5%
    PRS 19.1%
  • blood vessel endothelial cell CL0000071
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 4.3%
    PRS 9.7%
  • neuroendocrine cell CL0000165
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 8.1%
    PRS 20.4%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [MACROH2A1](/details-gene/9555) is a protein-coding gene that encodes macroH2A.1, a variant of the core histone H2A. As a fundamental component of chromatin, [MACROH2A1](/details-gene/9555) plays a critical role in epigenetic regulation, primarily through transcriptional repression and the formation of heterochromatin. Its function is integral to processes such as X-chromosome inactivation in females, DNA repair, and the regulation of cell differentiation ([Link](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9634239/)). Expression data indicate that [MACROH2A1](/details-gene/9555) has particularly high significance in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, including [common myeloid progenitors](/details-cell/CL0000049) and [hematopoietic stem cells](/details-cell/CL0000037), suggesting it is essential for maintaining their undifferentiated state and regulating early hematopoietic lineage commitment. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [MACROH2A1](/details-gene/9555) strongly points to a primary role in the biology of stem and progenitor cells, particularly within the hematopoietic system. **Overall**, the gene exhibits its highest significance in a range of hematopoietic progenitors, such as [common myeloid progenitor](/details-cell/CL0000049), [hematopoietic stem cell](/details-cell/CL0000037), [early lymphoid progenitor](/details-cell/CL0000936), [pro-B cell](/details-cell/CL0000826), and [granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0000557). This consistent pattern suggests that [MACROH2A1](/details-gene/9555) is a key epigenetic regulator involved in establishing or maintaining the multipotent state of these early blood cells, likely by repressing genes associated with terminal differentiation. Its high significance extends to other cell types with regenerative or progenitor capacity, including [multi-ciliated epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0005012) and [intestinal epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0002563), underscoring a broader role in managing cellular plasticity and differentiation potential. Conversely, [MACROH2A1](/details-gene/9555) shows very low to negative significance in a variety of terminally differentiated cell types. This is particularly evident in mature immune cells like [effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0001044) and [effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0000913), as well as in cells of the nervous system such as [interneurons](/details-cell/CL0000099) and [Schwann cells](/details-cell/CL0002573), and in structural cells like [tracheobronchial smooth muscle cells](/details-cell/CL0019019). This sharp contrast reinforces its specialized function in progenitor populations, where chromatin state must be carefully controlled, as opposed to differentiated cells with more fixed gene expression programs. ## Pathways and Molecular Function [MACROH2A1](/details-gene/9555) functions as a `structural constituent of chromatin` ([GO:0030527](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0030527)) and incorporates into nucleosomes, directly influencing DNA accessibility and gene expression. Its molecular activities are deeply tied to chromatin compaction and epigenetic silencing. Functionally, it is heavily involved in the `negative regulation of gene expression, epigenetic` ([GO:0045814](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0045814)) and `heterochromatin formation` ([GO:0031507](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0031507)). This repressive activity is consistent with its established role in `sex-chromosome dosage compensation` ([GO:0007549](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0007549)) through its enrichment on the inactive X chromosome, or Barr body ([GO:0001740](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0001740)), a process critical for female mammalian development ([Link](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9634239/)). Studies have shown that its presence can physically interfere with transcription factor binding and nucleosome remodeling complexes ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/s1097-2765(03)00100-x)). The protein structure includes a macro domain capable of `adp-d-ribose binding` ([GO:0072570](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0072570)), linking its function to cellular metabolic states and DNA damage responses ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.emboj.7600664)). This connects its role in chromatin structure to other critical nuclear processes like `Dna repair` ([GO:0006281](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006281)). The high expression of [MACROH2A1](/details-gene/9555) in hematopoietic stem cells is consistent with these functions, where tight regulation of transcription is necessary to prevent premature differentiation and maintain genomic integrity. ## Research Directions The prominent role of [MACROH2A1](/details-gene/9555) in hematopoietic progenitor cells, coupled with its known repressive functions, presents several avenues for future research into hematopoiesis, aging, and disease. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. **[MACROH2A1](/details-gene/9555) is essential for maintaining hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) quiescence and multipotency.** Its primary role in HSCs may be to establish repressive chromatin domains at key lineage-specific gene loci, thereby preventing differentiation. A programmed reduction in [MACROH2A1](/details-gene/9555) expression or its eviction from chromatin could be a critical early step in hematopoietic lineage commitment. 2. **Progressive accumulation or mislocalization of [MACROH2A1](/details-gene/9555) contributes to age-related decline in HSC function.** Given its documented role in forming senescence-associated heterochromatin foci ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2004.10.019)), it is plausible that aging-associated stress leads to increased [MACROH2A1](/details-gene/9555) deposition in HSCs, promoting a senescent-like state that impairs their self-renewal and differentiation capacity, contributing to immunosenescence and myeloid-biased hematopoiesis. **Experimental Approach:** To test the first hypothesis, a conditional knockout mouse model could be generated to specifically delete [MACROH2A1](/details-gene/9555) in the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell compartment (e.g., using a Vav1-Cre driver). The consequences of its loss on HSC function could be rigorously tested using competitive bone marrow transplantation assays to assess self-renewal and multi-lineage reconstitution potential. At the molecular level, performing single-cell RNA-seq and ATAC-seq on `MACROH2A1`-deficient and wild-type HSCs would identify which differentiation pathways become prematurely activated and which genes are directly de-repressed due to increased chromatin accessibility. **Therapeutic Potential:** As an epigenetic modulator, [MACROH2A1](/details-gene/9555) represents a complex but potentially valuable therapeutic target. Its dual role in cell fate decisions and senescence makes it highly context-dependent. In hematological malignancies like acute myeloid leukemia, where differentiation is blocked, strategies aimed at **activation** or restoration of [MACROH2A1](/details-gene/9555) function at specific loci could promote differentiation and halt proliferation. Conversely, in certain solid tumors where [MACROH2A1](/details-gene/9555)-induced senescence may create a pro-tumorigenic microenvironment, **inhibition** could be beneficial. Rather than targeting the histone directly, a more feasible approach may involve modulating the activity of enzymes that deposit, remove, or interact with [MACROH2A1](/details-gene/9555), offering a more nuanced way to control its biological effects.

Genular Protein ID: 1969928789

Symbol: H2AY_HUMAN

Name: Core histone macro-H2A.1

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9714746

Title: Isolation of cDNA clones encoding human histone macroH2A1 subtypes.

PubMed ID: 9714746

DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4781(98)00098-0

PubMed ID: 9653160

Title: Identification of genes expressed in human CD34(+) hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells by expressed sequence tags and efficient full-length cDNA cloning.

PubMed ID: 9653160

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.14.8175

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15372022

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 5.

PubMed ID: 15372022

DOI: 10.1038/nature02919

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 12800201

Title: Novel tumor antigens identified by autologous antibody screening of childhood medulloblastoma cDNA libraries.

PubMed ID: 12800201

DOI: 10.1002/ijc.11208

PubMed ID: 9634239

Title: Histone macroH2A1 is concentrated in the inactive X chromosome of female mammals.

PubMed ID: 9634239

DOI: 10.1038/31275

PubMed ID: 12718888

Title: The histone variant macroH2A interferes with transcription factor binding and SWI/SNF nucleosome remodeling.

PubMed ID: 12718888

DOI: 10.1016/s1097-2765(03)00100-x

PubMed ID: 16129414

Title: Histone variant macroH2A1.2 is mono-ubiquitinated at its histone domain.

PubMed ID: 16129414

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.08.046

PubMed ID: 15621527

Title: Formation of MacroH2A-containing senescence-associated heterochromatin foci and senescence driven by ASF1a and HIRA.

PubMed ID: 15621527

DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2004.10.019

PubMed ID: 15902274

Title: The macro domain is an ADP-ribose binding module.

PubMed ID: 15902274

DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600664

PubMed ID: 15897469

Title: Stable X chromosome inactivation involves the PRC1 Polycomb complex and requires histone MACROH2A1 and the CULLIN3/SPOP ubiquitin E3 ligase.

PubMed ID: 15897469

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0408918102

PubMed ID: 17081983

Title: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks.

PubMed ID: 17081983

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026

PubMed ID: 16428466

Title: Mechanism of polymerase II transcription repression by the histone variant macroH2A.

PubMed ID: 16428466

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.26.3.1156-1164.2006

PubMed ID: 16210244

Title: Mapping post-translational modifications of the histone variant MacroH2A1 using tandem mass spectrometry.

PubMed ID: 16210244

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m500285-mcp200

PubMed ID: 17924679

Title: Improved titanium dioxide enrichment of phosphopeptides from HeLa cells and high confident phosphopeptide identification by cross-validation of MS/MS and MS/MS/MS spectra.

PubMed ID: 17924679

DOI: 10.1021/pr070152u

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 19690332

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions.

PubMed ID: 19690332

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000007

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 21211722

Title: DNA repair factor APLF is a histone chaperone.

PubMed ID: 21211722

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2010.12.008

PubMed ID: 21406692

Title: System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation.

PubMed ID: 21406692

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2001570

PubMed ID: 23022728

Title: Splicing switch of an epigenetic regulator by RNA helicases promotes tumor-cell invasiveness.

PubMed ID: 23022728

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.2390

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 23474714

Title: Macrodomain-containing proteins are new mono-ADP-ribosylhydrolases.

PubMed ID: 23474714

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.2521

PubMed ID: 29905837

Title: DNA repair factor APLF acts as a H2A-H2B histone chaperone through binding its DNA interaction surface.

PubMed ID: 29905837

DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky507

PubMed ID: 28112733

Title: Site-specific mapping of the human SUMO proteome reveals co-modification with phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 28112733

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.3366

PubMed ID: 16107708

Title: Structural characterization of the histone variant macroH2A.

PubMed ID: 16107708

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.25.17.7616-7624.2005

PubMed ID: 15965484

Title: Splicing regulates NAD metabolite binding to histone macroH2A.

PubMed ID: 15965484

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb956

PubMed ID: 19818708

Title: Structures of SPOP-substrate complexes: insights into molecular architectures of BTB-Cul3 ubiquitin ligases.

PubMed ID: 19818708

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2009.09.022

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 369
  • Mass: 39184
  • Checksum: D21A4CE6C7AA3BB1
  • Sequence:
  • MSSRGGKKKS TKTSRSAKAG VIFPVGRMLR YIKKGHPKYR IGVGAPVYMA AVLEYLTAEI 
    LELAGNAARD NKKGRVTPRH ILLAVANDEE LNQLLKGVTI ASGGVLPNIH PELLAKKRGS 
    KGKLEAIITP PPAKKAKSPS QKKPVSKKAG GKKGARKSKK KQGEVSKAAS ADSTTEGTPA 
    DGFTVLSTKS LFLGQKLQVV QADIASIDSD AVVHPTNTDF YIGGEVGNTL EKKGGKEFVE 
    AVLELRKKNG PLEVAGAAVS AGHGLPAKFV IHCNSPVWGA DKCEELLEKT VKNCLALADD 
    KKLKSIAFPS IGSGRNGFPK QTAAQLILKA ISSYFVSTMS SSIKTVYFVL FDSESIGIYV 
    QEMAKLDAN

Genular Protein ID: 4176396830

Symbol: A0A994J4J7_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11237011

Title: Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11237011

DOI: 10.1038/35057062

PubMed ID: 15372022

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 5.

PubMed ID: 15372022

DOI: 10.1038/nature02919

PubMed ID: 15496913

Title: Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 15496913

DOI: 10.1038/nature03001

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 199
  • Mass: 21045
  • Checksum: 09179AC79704AB54
  • Sequence:
  • MSSRGGKKKS TKTSRSAKAG VIFPVGRMLR YIKKGHPKYR IGVGAPVYMA AVLEYLTAEI 
    LELAGNAARD NKKGRVTPRH ILLAVANDEE LNQLLKGVTI ASGGVLPNIH PELLAKKRGS 
    KGKLEAIITP PPAKKAKSPS QKKPVSKKAG GKKGARKSKK KQGEVSKAAS ADSTTEGTPA 
    DGFTVLSTKS LFLGQKPPQ