Details for: ADM5

Gene ID: 199800

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: ADM5

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000224420

Description: adrenomedullin 5 (putative)

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 2.92
    rCSI 4.66%
    PRS 99.73
  • vein endothelial cell of respiratory system CL4033008
    CSI 1.03
    rCSI 7.08%
    PRS 99.7
  • prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell CL2000059
    CSI 0.95
    rCSI 22.67%
    PRS 99.6

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [ADM5](/details-gene/199800), or adrenomedullin 5, is a putative protein-coding gene located on chromosome 19q13.33. It is a member of the calcitonin gene-related peptide family and is implicated in cardiovascular regulation. Functional annotations suggest its involvement in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathways that modulate systemic arterial blood pressure and heart rate. Expression data indicate that [ADM5](/details-gene/199800) is a significant marker for various endothelial cell populations, particularly those within the vasculature of the retina, respiratory system, and prostate gland, suggesting a specialized role in regulating local blood flow and vascular homeostasis. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape **Overall**, the expression profile of [ADM5](/details-gene/199800) strongly points to a primary function within the vascular endothelium. It demonstrates high significance as a marker in several specialized endothelial cell types. The most prominent expression is observed in [retinal blood vessel endothelial cell](/details-cell/CL0002585) (CSI: 2.92), highlighting a potentially crucial role in the unique circulatory environment of the eye. Beyond the retina, [ADM5](/details-gene/199800) is also a significant marker for [vein endothelial cell of respiratory system](/details-cell/CL4033008) (CSI: 1.03) and [prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell](/details-cell/CL2000059) (CSI: 0.95). This pattern of expression across different organ systems suggests that while [ADM5](/details-gene/199800) is broadly an endothelial gene, its function may be tailored to the specific physiological demands of different microvascular beds. The collective data establish [ADM5](/details-gene/199800) as a key molecular player in endothelial cell biology. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The functional annotations for [ADM5](/details-gene/199800) are highly consistent with its proposed role as a vasoactive peptide. Its classification as an [Extracellular region](/details-go/GO0005576) protein aligns with its function as a secreted signaling molecule. The gene is annotated to the [Adenylate cyclase-activating g protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway](/details-go/GO0007189), a common mechanism for peptide hormones that regulate vascular tone. This primary molecular function directly supports its involvement in broader physiological processes, including the [Regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure](/details-go/GO0003073) and the [Positive regulation of heart rate](/details-go/GO0010460) ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1677/joe-07-0541)). The expression of [ADM5](/details-gene/199800) in endothelial cells, which are central to blood pressure control, provides a clear cellular context for these annotated pathways. It is likely that endothelial-derived [ADM5](/details-gene/199800) acts locally on adjacent smooth muscle cells or in an autocrine fashion to modulate vascular function. ## Research Directions Based on its function as a vasoactive peptide and its specific expression pattern, [ADM5](/details-gene/199800) presents several intriguing avenues for future research. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its high significance in [retinal blood vessel endothelial cell](/details-cell/CL0002585) and its known role in blood pressure regulation, [ADM5](/details-gene/199800) likely plays a specialized role in maintaining retinal blood flow and neurovascular coupling. Dysregulation of [ADM5](/details-gene/199800) could therefore contribute to the pathogenesis of vascular retinopathies, such as those associated with diabetes or hypertension. 2. The specific expression of [ADM5](/details-gene/199800) in [prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell](/details-cell/CL2000059) suggests it may be involved in prostate-specific functions, such as regulating the local microenvironment or participating in angiogenesis. Its role could be particularly relevant in pathological conditions like benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or the progression of prostate cancer. **Experimental Approach:** To test the first hypothesis regarding its role in retinal vascular health, an *in vitro* study could be conducted using primary human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs). These cells could be cultured under normoglycemic and hyperglycemic conditions to simulate a diabetic state. The effect of adding recombinant ADM5 protein or using siRNA to knock down endogenous [ADM5](/details-gene/199800) expression could be assessed. Key functional readouts would include endothelial barrier integrity (measured by transendothelial electrical resistance), cell migration (scratch wound assay), and angiogenic capacity (tube formation assay on Matrigel). Changes in the expression of crucial vascular health markers like VE-cadherin and eNOS could be quantified via qPCR or Western blot to elucidate the molecular mechanisms. **Therapeutic Potential:** As a putative secreted peptide with vasodilatory properties, [ADM5](/details-gene/199800) or its agonists represent a potential therapeutic avenue. Activation, rather than inhibition, would likely be the therapeutic goal. A synthetic, long-lasting ADM5 analogue could be explored for treating diseases characterized by endothelial dysfunction and vasoconstriction, such as pulmonary hypertension or pre-eclampsia. Its apparent specificity for certain vascular beds might allow for the development of targeted therapies that could enhance local blood flow in specific organs, potentially reducing the systemic side effects (e.g., hypotension) associated with general vasodilators.

Genular Protein ID: 2768717096

Symbol: ADM5_HUMAN

Name: Putative adrenomedullin-5-like protein

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

C9JUS6

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 3 Ensembl 1 GO 4 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 InterPro 1 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRO 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 RNAct 1 RefSeq 1 STRING 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 15057824

Title: The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19.

PubMed ID: 15057824

DOI: 10.1038/nature02399

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 18434369

Title: Central and peripheral cardiovascular actions of adrenomedullin 5, a novel member of the calcitonin gene-related peptide family, in mammals.

PubMed ID: 18434369

DOI: 10.1677/joe-07-0541

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 153
  • Mass: 16532
  • Checksum: 2AC1CFBEB867B30D
  • Sequence:
    • MTIHILILLL LLAFSAQGDL DTAARRGQHQ VPQHRGHVCY LGVCRTHRLA EIIYWIRCLH 
QGALGEGQPR APGPLQLWAP PVARGGSPAR FPGFRPAARG LAQCPARWVT SGTARPLLGF 
SLPICMLELL LHISSPLTPA PETVFPSPSP GCD