Details for: BORA

Gene ID: 79866

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: BORA

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000136122

Description: BORA aurora kinase A activator

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 3
    rCSI 3.46%
    PRS 99.61

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

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  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
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    • High
    • Medium
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    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [BORA](/details-gene/79866), or Aurora kinase A activator, is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 13q21.33. Functionally, it is a critical regulator of the cell cycle, primarily known for its role in the activation of Aurora A kinase, a key event for entry into mitosis ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2006.06.002)). Its activity is essential for proper mitotic spindle organization and the G2/M transition phase of the cell cycle. Expression data suggests that [BORA](/details-gene/79866) has a significant role in highly proliferative cells, with a notable CSI score observed in [neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)](/details-cell/CL0000338). ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile for [BORA](/details-gene/79866) underscores its central function in cell division. **Overall**, the gene shows its most significant expression in [neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)](/details-cell/CL0000338) (CSI: 3.00). Neuroblasts are neuronal progenitor cells characterized by rapid proliferation, a biological context that aligns directly with the established role of [BORA](/details-gene/79866) in orchestrating mitotic entry. This specific expression pattern suggests that [BORA](/details-gene/79866) is a key component of the machinery driving the expansion of neural progenitor populations during development. The lack of broader expression data limits a full characterization, but the available information strongly points to a specialized function in actively dividing cell populations. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The functional annotations for [BORA](/details-gene/79866) firmly place it within the core machinery of cell cycle control. Gene Ontology (GO) terms highlight its involvement in biological processes such as [cell division](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0051301), the [regulation of mitotic nuclear division](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0007088), and [regulation of mitotic spindle organization](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0060236). Its molecular functions primarily involve [protein binding](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005515) and specifically [protein kinase binding](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0019901), which is consistent with its role as an activator for Aurora A kinase. Reactome pathway analysis provides further detail, implicating [BORA](/details-gene/79866) in the overarching [Cell cycle](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-1640170) pathway, with specific roles in the [G2/M transition](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-69275) and the [Mitotic G2-G2/M phases](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-453274). Research has shown that its binding to Aurora-A is a prerequisite for kinase activation and subsequent mitotic entry ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2006.06.002)). Furthermore, [BORA](/details-gene/79866) is involved in the [Regulation of PLK1 activity at G2/M transition](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-2565942), where it facilitates the phosphorylation and activation of Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) by Aurora A, a critical step for mitotic progression and checkpoint recovery ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07185)). ## Research Directions Given the essential role of [BORA](/details-gene/79866) in regulating mitotic entry, its function and regulation present several avenues for future investigation, particularly in the context of development and disease. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. **Dysregulation of [BORA](/details-gene/79866) contributes to tumorigenesis in cancers of neural origin, such as neuroblastoma.** Because of its high significance in neuroblasts and its critical role in controlling cell division, loss of temporal or spatial control over [BORA](/details-gene/79866) expression or activity could lead to uncontrolled proliferation and genomic instability, driving cancer development. 2. **The [BORA](/details-gene/79866)-Aurora A kinase axis acts as a key integration point for external growth signals and internal cell cycle checkpoints.** It is plausible that various signaling pathways converge on [BORA](/details-gene/79866) through post-translational modifications to modulate its ability to activate Aurora A, thereby coupling cell fate decisions with the cell division machinery. **Experimental Approach:** To test the first hypothesis regarding [BORA](/details-gene/79866)'s role in neuroblastoma, a multi-faceted approach could be employed. First, one could perform a CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout or shRNA-mediated knockdown of [BORA](/details-gene/79866) in several neuroblastoma cell lines. The consequences of its depletion would be assessed by measuring cell proliferation rates (e.g., via IncuCyte live-cell analysis), cell cycle distribution (via flow cytometry with propidium iodide staining), and the incidence of mitotic defects (e.g., via immunofluorescence microscopy for abnormal spindle morphology or lagging chromosomes). These in vitro findings could be complemented by in vivo studies using xenograft models to determine if [BORA](/details-gene/79866) depletion impedes tumor growth. **Therapeutic Potential:** As a key activator of a pro-mitotic kinase, [BORA](/details-gene/79866) represents a compelling therapeutic target for hyperproliferative diseases like cancer. Specifically, inhibiting the interaction between [BORA](/details-gene/79866) and Aurora A kinase could be an effective strategy to induce mitotic arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells. This makes it a candidate for small molecule inhibitor development. However, because [BORA](/details-gene/79866) is essential for cell division in healthy, proliferating tissues (e.g., hematopoietic stem cells, gut epithelium), systemic inhibition would likely cause significant toxicity. Therefore, therapeutic strategies might require tumor-specific delivery systems or combination therapies that selectively sensitize cancer cells to lower doses of a [BORA](/details-gene/79866)-pathway inhibitor.

Genular Protein ID: 4283498174

Symbol: BORA_HUMAN

Name: Protein aurora borealis

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q6PGQ7 B4DQ30 Q5W0P3 Q5W0P4 Q86YC6 Q96IW9 Q9H640

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 ELM 1 EMBL 8 Ensembl 3 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 9 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 1 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 3 SIGNOR 1 STRING 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15057823

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 13.

PubMed ID: 15057823

DOI: 10.1038/nature02379

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 16890155

Title: Mitotic activation of the kinase Aurora-A requires its binding partner Bora.

PubMed ID: 16890155

DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2006.06.002

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 19369195

Title: Large-scale proteomics analysis of the human kinome.

PubMed ID: 19369195

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m800588-mcp200

PubMed ID: 19690332

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions.

PubMed ID: 19690332

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000007

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 559
  • Mass: 61203
  • Checksum: F817E6DC2C7600DB
  • Sequence:
    • MGDVKESKMQ ITPETPGRIP VLNPFESPSD YSNLHEQTLA SPSVFKSTKL PTPGKFRWSI 
DQLAVINPVE IDPEDIHRQA LYLSHSRIDK DVEDKRQKAI EEFFTKDVIV PSPWTDHEGK 
QLSQCHSSKC TNINSDSPVG KKLTIHSEKS DAACQTLLSL PVDFNLENIL GDYFRADEFA 
DQSPGNLSSS SLRRKLFLDG NGSISDSLPS ASPGSPHSGV QTSLEMFYSI DLSPVKCRSP 
LQTPSSGQFS SSPIQASAKK YSLGSITSPS PISSPTFSPI EFQIGETPLS EQRKFTVHSP 
DASSGTNSNG ITNPCIRSPY IDGCSPIKNW SPMRLQMYSG GTQYRTSVIQ IPFTLETQGE 
DEEDKENIPS TDVSSPAMDA AGIHLRQFSN EASTHGTHLV VTAMSVTQNQ SSASEKELAL 
LQDVEREKDN NTVDMVDPIE IADETTWIKE PVDNGSLPMT DFVSGIAFSI ENSHMCMSPL 
AESSVIPCES SNIQMDSGYN TQNCGSNIMD TVGAESYCKE SDAQTCEVES KSQAFNMKQD 
HTTQRCWMKT ASPFQCSSP

Genular Protein ID: 2850021086

Symbol: B5LMG6_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

B5LMG6

Database IDs:

ARBA 3 AlphaFoldDB 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 4 HOGENOM 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRINTS 1 Pfam 1 RefSeq 1 UCSC 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11181995

Title: The sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11181995

DOI: 10.1126/science.1058040

PubMed ID: 18615013

Title: Polo-like kinase-1 is activated by aurora A to promote checkpoint recovery.

PubMed ID: 18615013

DOI: 10.1038/nature07185

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 19369195

Title: Large-scale proteomics analysis of the human kinome.

PubMed ID: 19369195

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.M800588-MCP200

PubMed ID: 19690332

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions.

PubMed ID: 19690332

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000007

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 619
  • Mass: 67672
  • Checksum: 8F5A462F40660634
  • Sequence:
    • MAGRHDWLVA HKPRALVGPR QRGSGELKSL CLSWKLAWPP ELPGVGTGGF VLYAPFSLCA 
MGDVKESKMQ ITPETPGRIP VLNPFESPSD YSNLHEQTLA SPSVFKSTKL PTPGKFRWSI 
DQLAVINPVE IDPEDIHRQA LYLSHSRIDK DVEDKRQKAI EEFFTKDVIV PSPWTDHEGK 
QLSQCHSSKC TNINSDSPVG KKLTIHSEKS DAACQTLLSL PVDFNLENIL GDYFRADEFA 
DQSPGNLSSS SLRRKLFLDG NGSISDSLPS ASPGSPHSGV QTSLEMFYSI DLSPVKCRSP 
LQTPSSGQFS SSPIQASAKK YSLGSITSPS PISSPTFSPI EFQIGETPLS EQRKFTVHSP 
DASSGTNSNG ITNPCIRSPY IDGCSPIKNW SPMRLQMYSG GTQYRTSVIQ IPFTLETQGE 
DEEDKENIPS TDVSSPAMDA AGIHLRQFSN EASTHGTHLV VTAMSVTQNQ SSASEKELAL 
LQDVEREKDN NTVDMVDPIE IADETTWIKE PVDNGSLPMT DFVSGIAFSI ENSHMCMSPL 
AESSVIPCES SNIQMDSGYN TQNCGSNIMD TVGAESYCKE SDAQTCEVES KSQAFNMKQD 
HTTQRCWMKT ASPFQCSSP

Genular Protein ID: 2390122239

Symbol: A0A087WV86_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

A0A087WV86

Database IDs:

ARBA 3 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 1 Ensembl 2 ExpressionAtlas 1 GeneTree 1 HGNC 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 1 KEGG 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRINTS 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 Proteomes 2 ProteomicsDB 1 RefSeq 1 SAM 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11237011

Title: Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11237011

DOI: 10.1038/35057062

PubMed ID: 15057823

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 13.

PubMed ID: 15057823

DOI: 10.1038/nature02379

PubMed ID: 15496913

Title: Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 15496913

DOI: 10.1038/nature03001

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 19369195

Title: Large-scale proteomics analysis of the human kinome.

PubMed ID: 19369195

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.M800588-MCP200

PubMed ID: 19690332

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions.

PubMed ID: 19690332

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000007

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 634
  • Mass: 69126
  • Checksum: A0654DD5528C2825
  • Sequence:
    • MERFLFPAPD LPARSPLVNG SSQGVGVEER GTRKSGHVGL GATPPSHSIQ GSRLHLNLPE 
VDSFPPHPAK FSLCAMGDVK ESKMQITPET PGRIPVLNPF ESPSDYSNLH EQTLASPSVF 
KSTKLPTPGK FRWSIDQLAV INPVEIDPED IHRQALYLSH SRIDKDVEDK RQKAIEEFFT 
KDVIVPSPWT DHEGKQLSQC HSSKCTNINS DSPVGKKLTI HSEKSDAACQ TLLSLPVDFN 
LENILGDYFR ADEFADQSPG NLSSSSLRRK LFLDGNGSIS DSLPSASPGS PHSGVQTSLE 
MFYSIDLSPV KCRSPLQTPS SGQFSSSPIQ ASAKKYSLGS ITSPSPISSP TFSPIEFQIG 
ETPLSEQRKF TVHSPDASSG TNSNGITNPC IRSPYIDGCS PIKNWSPMRL QMYSGGTQYR 
TSVIQIPFTL ETQGEDEEDK ENIPSTDVSS PAMDAAGIHL RQFSNEASTH GTHLVVTAMS 
VTQNQSSASE KELALLQDVE REKDNNTVDM VDPIEIADET TWIKEPVDNG SLPMTDFVSG 
IAFSIENSHM CMSPLAESSV IPCESSNIQM DSGYNTQNCG SNIMDTVGAE SYCKESDAQT 
CEVESKSQAF NMKQDHTTQR CWMKTASPFQ CSSP