Details for: CCNI2

Gene ID: 645121

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: CCNI2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000205089

Description: cyclin I family member 2

Cell Significance Landscape

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • basal cell of epidermis CL0002187
    CSI 5.04
    rCSI 8.93%
    PRS 99.43

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

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  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
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  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [CCNI2](/details-gene/645121), or Cyclin I Family Member 2, is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 5q31.1. As a member of the cyclin family, its primary function is to act as a regulatory subunit for cyclin-dependent protein kinases (CDKs), which are critical for controlling cell cycle progression. Functional annotations indicate that [CCNI2](/details-gene/645121) is specifically involved in the `G1/S transition of the mitotic cell cycle` ([GO:0000082](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0000082)). Consistent with this role, its expression is highly significant in the [basal cell of epidermis](/details-cell/CL0002187), the proliferative stem cell layer of the skin. The gene was first characterized as part of large-scale full-length human cDNA sequencing projects ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/ng1285), [Link](https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.2596504)). ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape **Overall**, the expression profile of [CCNI2](/details-gene/645121) suggests a highly specialized function related to cellular proliferation in specific tissue compartments. The gene's significance is exceptionally pronounced in the [basal cell of epidermis](/details-cell/CL0002187), where it exhibits a Cell Significance Index (CSI) of 5.04. These cells constitute the innermost, proliferative layer of the epidermis and are responsible for the continuous renewal of skin tissue. The high significance of [CCNI2](/details-gene/645121) in this cell type strongly implies a critical role in maintaining skin homeostasis through the regulation of keratinocyte division. The focused expression pattern suggests that its activity is tightly controlled and linked to the specific proliferative demands of epithelial tissues. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The molecular function of [CCNI2](/details-gene/645121) is centered on its role as a key regulator of cell division. It exerts its function through `cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase regulator activity` ([GO:0016538](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0016538)), where it binds to and activates a specific CDK partner. This interaction forms a `cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex` ([GO:0000307](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0000307)) that can be found in both the [nucleus](/details-cell/CL0000140) ([GO:0005634](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005634)) and [cytoplasm](/details-cell/CL0000140) ([GO:0005737](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005737)). The primary biological process governed by this complex is the `G1/S transition of the mitotic cell cycle` ([GO:0000082](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0000082)), a critical checkpoint where the cell commits to replicating its DNA. This molecular activity is entirely consistent with its high expression in epidermal [basal cells](/details-cell/CL0002187), which are defined by their capacity for continuous cell division. ## Research Directions Based on its specific function in cell cycle progression and its high significance in epidermal basal cells, research into [CCNI2](/details-gene/645121) should focus on its role in skin pathology and regeneration. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. **Role in Skin Cancer:** Dysregulation or overexpression of [CCNI2](/details-gene/645121) may be a key event in the pathogenesis of non-melanoma skin cancers, such as basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma, by promoting uncontrolled proliferation of keratinocytes. 2. **Function in Wound Healing:** [CCNI2](/details-gene/645121) is likely a critical upstream regulator of epithelial repair, with its expression being rapidly induced in [basal cells](/details-cell/CL0002187) at the edge of a wound to drive the re-epithelialization process. **Suggested Experimental Approach:** To test the hypothesis that [CCNI2](/details-gene/645121) is involved in skin carcinogenesis, a keratinocyte-specific conditional knockout mouse model could be generated (e.g., using a *KRT14-Cre* driver). These mice and their wild-type littermates could be subjected to a two-stage chemical carcinogenesis protocol (e.g., DMBA/TPA). A significant difference in tumor incidence, latency, or size between genotypes would provide strong evidence for its role. Additionally, primary keratinocytes from these mice could be cultured to create 3D organotypic skin models to assess proliferation, differentiation, and stratification defects *in vitro*. **Therapeutic Potential:** Given its fundamental role in driving cell cycle entry in epidermal progenitors, [CCNI2](/details-gene/645121) or its associated CDK partner could represent a promising therapeutic target for proliferative skin disorders, including skin cancers. The therapeutic strategy would be **inhibition** to halt the cell cycle in hyperproliferative cancer cells. As an intracellular protein, [CCNI2](/details-gene/645121) is not amenable to antibody-based therapies. Instead, the development of small molecule inhibitors designed to disrupt the CCNI2-CDK interaction would be the most viable approach for clinical translation.

Genular Protein ID: 313281392

Symbol: CCNI2_HUMAN

Name: Cyclin-I2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q6ZMN8 B2RNE2 B7ZMB7 B7ZMB8

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CTD 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 5 Ensembl 2 GO 5 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRO 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 RefSeq 3 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 369
  • Mass: 40622
  • Checksum: 68B887A9C0044708
  • Sequence:
    • MASGAQLPPQ PSSSEVSAVQ SPGGRPGAGL EETALGVPLP PSPGEAPLPR SNRSRCPGTR 
QPGAASLHAA SAAVPVRPRR GTAPAGKTAD AVPAAAPEQA PRPAPQSRKP RNLEGDLDER 
RLLCHLQLAQ DREARLWRGG KPQDEICDAF EEVVLWLLRL QNTFYFSQST FNLALTIFGR 
LLISVKVKEK YLHCATITSL RLAAKVNEEE EFIPQVKDFT KHYGSDYSPN ELLRMELAIL 
DRLHWDLYIG TPLDFLTIFH ALVVLSWPHV LELLPQRNPS LHVASLTRQL QHCMAGHQLL 
QFKGSTLALV IITLELERLM PGWCAPISDL LKKAQVGDMQ YSCCKELVMQ QLRSLQSSSC 
TDNFVSPAN