Details for: FCAMR

Gene ID: 83953

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: FCAMR

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000162897

Description: Fc alpha and mu receptor

Cell Significance Landscape

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • follicular dendritic cell CL0000442
    CSI 6.13
    rCSI 98.46%
    PRS 100

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [FCAMR](/details-gene/83953), or Fc alpha and mu receptor, is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1q32.1. It functions as a transmembrane signaling receptor that binds to the Fc portion of immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin M (IgM). This interaction is critical for the adaptive immune response, particularly in the clearance and endocytosis of antibody-coated microbes and immune complexes ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/80886)). **Overall**, expression data indicates that [FCAMR](/details-gene/83953) is a highly significant gene in [follicular dendritic cells](/details-cell/CL0000442) (CSI: 6.13), suggesting a specialized role within secondary lymphoid organs. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [FCAMR](/details-gene/83953) points to a specialized function within the immune system. The **Overall** context analysis identifies [follicular dendritic cells](/details-cell/CL0000442) as the cell type where this gene has the highest significance. [Follicular dendritic cells](/details-cell/CL0000442) are essential for organizing germinal centers and presenting antigens to B cells, and the high significance of [FCAMR](/details-gene/83953) in these cells is consistent with its role as a receptor for IgM and IgA, which are key immunoglobulins in humoral immunity. Its function in mediating the endocytosis of IgM-coated antigens is likely crucial for antigen processing and presentation within the germinal center microenvironment ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/80886)). Beyond its role in lymphoid tissues, research has also identified [FCAMR](/details-gene/83953) expression in non-hematopoietic cells, such as human mesangial cells in the kidney. This expression suggests a potential role in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy, where it may act as a receptor mediating the deposition of IgA-containing immune complexes, leading to glomerular inflammation and damage ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.2001.6218)). ## Pathways and Molecular Function The function of [FCAMR](/details-gene/83953) is primarily associated with immune surveillance and response. Gene Ontology annotations place it at the [plasma membrane](/details-cell/GO:0005886) where it acts as a [transmembrane signaling receptor](/details-cell/GO:0004888). This activity is integral to the [adaptive immune response](/details-cell/GO:0002250) and involves downstream [signal transduction](/details-cell/GO:0007165) upon ligand binding. Reactome pathway analysis further implicates [FCAMR](/details-gene/83953) in processes involving interactions at the blood-tissue interface, such as [Cell surface interactions at the vascular wall](/details-cell/R-HSA-202733) and [Hemostasis](/details-cell/R-HSA-109582). These annotations are consistent with its role in clearing circulating immune complexes from the bloodstream, a process that can intersect with vascular biology and coagulation pathways, particularly under inflammatory or pathological conditions. ## Research Directions The specific expression of [FCAMR](/details-gene/83953) in specialized immune and non-immune cells presents several avenues for future investigation, particularly concerning its role in both physiological immunity and autoimmune disease. ### Proposed Hypotheses: 1. **Hypothesis 1:** In [follicular dendritic cells](/details-cell/CL0000442), [FCAMR](/details-gene/83953) is essential for capturing IgM-opsonized antigens, and its absence would impair the affinity maturation of B cells and the overall germinal center reaction. 2. **Hypothesis 2:** The level of [FCAMR](/details-gene/83953) expression on glomerular mesangial cells directly correlates with the severity of IgA immune complex deposition and renal injury in patients with IgA nephropathy. ### Key Experiments: To test the second hypothesis regarding its role in IgA nephropathy, a key experiment would involve using an in vitro model of human mesangial cells. One could utilize CRISPR-Cas9 to knock out [FCAMR](/details-gene/83953) in these cells. The knockout and wild-type cells would then be exposed to purified IgA immune complexes isolated from patients with IgA nephropathy. The degree of immune complex binding and internalization could be quantified via immunofluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Furthermore, downstream pro-inflammatory signaling pathways (e.g., NF-κB, MAPK) and cytokine production (e.g., IL-6, TGF-β) could be assessed using Western blotting and ELISA to determine if [FCAMR](/details-gene/83953) directly mediates the pathogenic cellular response. ### Therapeutic Potential: Given its role as a cell surface receptor implicated in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy, [FCAMR](/details-gene/83953) represents a promising therapeutic target. **Inhibition**, rather than activation, would be the desired therapeutic strategy. A monoclonal antibody or a small molecule inhibitor designed to block the binding of IgA immune complexes to [FCAMR](/details-gene/83953) on mesangial cells could potentially prevent the initiation of glomerular inflammation and slow the progression of renal disease. Its specific role makes it an attractive candidate for targeted therapy aimed at mitigating autoimmune-mediated kidney damage.

Genular Protein ID: 3581750285

Symbol: FCAMR_HUMAN

Name: Fc alpha/mu receptor

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q8WWV6 Q32M82 Q8WWV5 Q96SA2

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 7 Ensembl 2 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 2 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 6 KEGG 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 3 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 2 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11062505

Title: Fc alpha/mu receptor mediates endocytosis of IgM-coated microbes.

PubMed ID: 11062505

DOI: 10.1038/80886

PubMed ID: 11779189

Title: Expression of Fc alpha/mu receptor by human mesangial cells: a candidate receptor for immune complex deposition in IgA nephropathy.

PubMed ID: 11779189

DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.6218

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 532
  • Mass: 57144
  • Checksum: D347A23C0F41EED3
  • Sequence:
    • MPLFLILCLL QGSSFALPQK RPHPRWLWEG SLPSRTHLRA MGTLRPSSPL CWREESSFAA 
PNSLKGSRLV SGEPGGAVTI QCHYAPSSVN RHQRKYWCRL GPPRWICQTI VSTNQYTHHR 
YRDRVALTDF PQRGLFVVRL SQLSPDDIGC YLCGIGSENN MLFLSMNLTI SAGPASTLPT 
ATPAAGELTM RSYGTASPVA NRWTPGTTQT LGQGTAWDTV ASTPGTSKTT ASAEGRRTPG 
ATRPAAPGTG SWAEGSVKAP APIPESPPSK SRSMSNTTEG VWEGTRSSVT NRARASKDRR 
EMTTTKADRP REDIEGVRIA LDAAKKVLGT IGPPALVSET LAWEILPQAT PVSKQQSQGS 
IGETTPAAGM WTLGTPAADV WILGTPAADV WTSMEAASGE GSAAGDLDAA TGDRGPQATL 
SQTPAVGPWG PPGKESSVKR TFPEDESSSR TLAPVSTMLA LFMLMALVLL QRKLWRRRTS 
QEAERVTLIQ MTHFLEVNPQ ADQLPHVERK MLQDDSLPAG ASLTAPERNP GP

Genular Protein ID: 4147954861

Symbol: A0A0B4J1S2_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

A0A0B4J1S2

Database IDs:

AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 1 Ensembl 2 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 1 Gene3D 1 GeneTree 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 InterPro 6 MANE-Select 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PROSITE 2 PeptideAtlas 2 Pfam 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 2 ProteomicsDB 1 RefSeq 3 SAM 2 SMART 1 SMR 1 SUPFAM 1 VEuPathDB 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11237011

Title: Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11237011

DOI: 10.1038/35057062

PubMed ID: 15496913

Title: Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 15496913

DOI: 10.1038/nature03001

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 577
  • Mass: 62178
  • Checksum: 9E06CA0547B47191
  • Sequence:
    • MDGEATVKPG EQKEVVRRGR EVDYSRLIAG TLPQSHVTSR RAGWKMPLFL ILCLLQGSSF 
ALPQKRPHPR WLWEGSLPSR THLRAMGTLR PSSPLCWREE SSFAAPNSLK GSRLVSGEPG 
GAVTIQCHYA PSSVNRHQRK YWCRLGPPRW ICQTIVSTNQ YTHHRYRDRV ALTDFPQRGL 
FVVRLSQLSP DDIGCYLCGI GSENNMLFLS MNLTISAGPA STLPTATPAA GELTMRSYGT 
ASPVANRWTP GTTQTLGQGT AWDTVASTPG TSKTTASAEG RRTPGATRPA APGTGSWAEG 
SVKAPAPIPE SPPSKSRSMS NTTEGVWEGT RSSVTNRARA SKDRREMTTT KADRPREDIE 
GVRIALDAAK KVLGTIGPPA LVSETLAWEI LPQATPVSKQ QSQGSIGETT PAAGMWTLGT 
PAADVWILGT PAADVWTSME AASGEGSAAG DLDAATGDRG PQATLSQTPA VGPWGPPGKE 
SSVKRTFPED ESSSRTLAPV STMLALFMLM ALVLLQRKLW RRRTSQEAER VTLIQMTHFL 
EVNPQADQLP HVERKMLQDD SLPAGASLTA PERNPGP