Details for: C20orf204

Gene ID: 284739

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: C20orf204

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000196421

Description: chromosome 20 open reading frame 204

Cell Significance Landscape

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 6.76
    rCSI 6.5%
    PRS 99.9
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI 4.05
    rCSI 3.04%
    PRS 99.9

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

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  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
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    • High
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    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [C20orf204](/details-gene/284739) is a protein-coding gene located on human chromosome 20q13.33, identified during the initial sequencing of the chromosome [Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/414865a). As an "open reading frame," its molecular function remains largely uncharacterized. **Overall** expression data highlight a highly specific cellular signature for this gene, with significant expression predominantly observed in two distinct cell types: [fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL4030006) and [group 3 innate lymphoid cell](/details-cell/CL0001071). This unique co-expression pattern suggests a potential role in mucosal biology, possibly at the interface of epithelial barrier function and local innate immunity. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [C20orf204](/details-gene/284739) is characterized by a high degree of cellular specificity rather than broad activity. **Overall**, the gene's most significant expression is found in non-immune epithelial cells and a specific subset of innate immune cells, pointing towards a specialized function at mucosal sites. * **Epithelial Expression:** The highest significance index (CSI: 6.76) for [C20orf204](/details-gene/284739) is in the [fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL4030006). This strong and specific expression suggests a potential involvement in the physiological processes of the female reproductive tract, such as maintaining the mucosal environment, secreting factors for gamete transport, or supporting early embryonic development. * **Immune System Expression:** [C20orf204](/details-gene/284739) is also a significant marker in [group 3 innate lymphoid cell](/details-cell/CL0001071) (CSI: 4.05). ILC3s are critical regulators of mucosal immunity and tissue homeostasis, particularly at barrier surfaces like the gut and respiratory tract. The presence of [C20orf204](/details-gene/284739) in these cells may indicate a role in ILC3-mediated cytokine signaling (e.g., IL-17/IL-22) or in their interaction with other cells at the mucosal barrier. The shared theme of mucosal biology between its top two associated cell types suggests a functionally relevant, albeit currently undefined, role in this environment. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The specific molecular function and biological pathways associated with [C20orf204](/details-gene/284739) are currently unknown. As a largely unannotated open reading frame, it has not yet been assigned to specific Gene Ontology (GO) terms or Reactome pathways. The primary citation associated with the gene is its discovery during the comprehensive sequencing and analysis of human chromosome 20 [Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/414865a). Based on its expression in both mucosal epithelial cells and ILC3s, it is plausible that [C20orf204](/details-gene/284739) functions in processes related to epithelial barrier integrity, host-pathogen defense, or immune-epithelial crosstalk at mucosal surfaces. ## Research Directions The highly specific expression pattern of the uncharacterized gene [C20orf204](/details-gene/284739) provides a strong foundation for targeted functional investigation. The lack of functional data makes this gene a compelling subject for discovery-oriented research. **Proposed Testable Hypotheses:** 1. [C20orf204](/details-gene/284739) functions as a secreted factor or surface protein in [fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL4030006) that modulates the local microenvironment to support gamete viability or embryo implantation. 2. In [group 3 innate lymphoid cell](/details-cell/CL0001071), [C20orf204](/details-gene/284739) is integral to the cellular machinery that regulates the production or secretion of key effector cytokines like IL-22, thereby influencing epithelial cell repair and antimicrobial responses. 3. [C20orf204](/details-gene/284739) mediates the functional crosstalk between ILC3s and mucosal epithelial cells, acting as a ligand or receptor that coordinates tissue-level responses to commensal microbiota or pathogenic threats. **Suggested Key Experiments:** To test the hypothesis that [C20orf204](/details-gene/284739) is involved in ILC3 function (Hypothesis 2), one could perform a loss-of-function study. A CRISPR-Cas9-based knockout of [C20orf204](/details-gene/284739) could be generated in primary human ILC3s or a suitable cell line. Following stimulation with activating cytokines (e.g., IL-23, IL-1β), the knockout and wild-type cells would be analyzed via RNA-sequencing to identify downstream transcriptional targets. Additionally, cytokine production (IL-22, IL-17A) could be quantified at the protein level using ELISA or flow cytometry to determine if [C20orf204](/details-gene/284739) is required for the canonical effector functions of ILC3s. **Therapeutic Potential:** The therapeutic potential of targeting [C20orf204](/details-gene/284739) is highly speculative but holds promise due to its restricted expression pattern, which could minimize off-target effects. If its function is linked to inflammatory diseases at mucosal barriers (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease, pelvic inflammatory disease), it could represent a novel therapeutic target. For instance, if the protein is a cell surface receptor that drives pro-inflammatory ILC3 activity, an antagonistic antibody could be developed. Conversely, if it promotes tissue repair, an agonist could be therapeutic. Elucidating its fundamental molecular function is the essential first step before any therapeutic strategy can be seriously considered.

Genular Protein ID: 1685903296

Symbol: CT204_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

A0A1B0GTL2

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 1 Ensembl 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PRO 1 PathwayCommons 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pharos 1 Proteomes 1 RefSeq 1 STRING 1 SignaLink 1 VEuPathDB 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11780052

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20.

PubMed ID: 11780052

DOI: 10.1038/414865a

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 189
  • Mass: 20914
  • Checksum: 5B01944C5E2E3B71
  • Sequence:
    • MVPPKPALWA LLLALLGTAP SRAYSPACSV PDVLRHYRAI IFEDLQAAVK WGGAGAEKTR 
PGSRHFHFIQ KNLTRPGSSG RRGRPRASCG AQKEHSILLS ISSLGRTLRG AVAGGRRGAL 
ERAAWTVAVR TEAVMRRHCR TLRQRSRRPK MRPARRRGGR RQLLLRALDA VATCWEKLFA 
LRAPASRDS