Details for: IGHD2 2

Gene ID: 28505

Symbol: IGHD2 2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000211931

Description: immunoglobulin heavy diversity 2-2

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: naive B cell (CL0000788)
    Fold Change: 0.0617
    Cell Significance Index: 0.6500
  • Cell Name: myelocyte (CL0002193)
    Fold Change: 0.0056
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0600
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell (CL0000837)
    Fold Change: 0.0007
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0100
  • Cell Name: pro-B cell (CL0000826)
    Fold Change: 0.0002
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0000
  • Cell Name: CD16-positive, CD56-dim natural killer cell, human (CL0000939)
    Fold Change: 0.0000
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0000
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell (CL0000897)
    Fold Change: -0.0032
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0300
  • Cell Name: plasma cell (CL0000786)
    Fold Change: -0.0407
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4500
  • Cell Name: exhausted T cell (CL0011025)
    Fold Change: -0.0563
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4600

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Immunoglobulin heavy chain gene**: IGHD2 is a gene that encodes for the heavy chain of immunoglobulins, which are the antibody molecules produced by B cells. 2. **Somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination**: IGHD2 is involved in the somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination processes, which are critical for the generation of antibody diversity and the adaptation of the immune system to pathogens. 3. **Significant expression in B cell subsets**: IGHD2 is significantly expressed in various stages of B cell development, including unswitched memory B cells, naive B cells, class-switched memory B cells, and mature B cells. 4. **Conserved expression across species**: IGHD2 is conserved across species, suggesting its importance in B cell development and function. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Somatic hypermutation**: IGHD2 is involved in the somatic hypermutation process, which is a mechanism for generating antibody diversity through the introduction of point mutations into the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene. 2. **Class switch recombination**: IGHD2 is also involved in the class switch recombination process, which allows B cells to switch from producing one type of antibody to another. 3. **B cell development**: IGHD2 is required for the proper development of B cells, including the transition from the pro-B cell stage to the mature B cell stage. 4. **Antibody production**: IGHD2 is involved in the production of antibodies, which are essential for the immune response against pathogens. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Immunodeficiency disorders**: Mutations in the IGHD2 gene have been associated with immunodeficiency disorders, such as X-linked agammaglobulinemia, which is characterized by a lack of antibody production. 2. **Autoimmunity**: Dysregulation of the IGHD2 gene has been implicated in autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, which are characterized by excessive antibody production. 3. **Cancer**: IGHD2 has been identified as a tumor suppressor gene, and its dysregulation has been associated with certain types of cancer, such as lymphoma and leukemia. 4. **Vaccine development**: Understanding the role of IGHD2 in B cell development and function may provide insights into the development of vaccines that can stimulate antibody production and provide long-term immunity against pathogens. In conclusion, IGHD2 is a crucial gene that plays a significant role in B cell development, function, and antibody production. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various immunological disorders, including immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, and cancer. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of IGHD2 in the immune system and to explore its potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of various diseases.

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.