Details for: PDCD2L

Gene ID: 84306

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: PDCD2L

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000126249

Description: programmed cell death 2 like

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • plasmacytoid dendritic cell, human CL0001058
    CSI 4.29
    rCSI 2.99%
    PRS 99.83
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 4.06
    rCSI 3.21%
    PRS 99.39
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 3.38
    rCSI 2.97%
    PRS 98.36
  • neural progenitor cell CL0011020
    CSI 2.23
    rCSI 9.8%
    PRS 96.42
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 2.02
    rCSI 3.57%
    PRS 98.18

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

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  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary Analyzed for its expression specificity (CSI Z-Score), **PDCD2L** (Programmed cell death 2 like) does not emerge as a defining marker for any specific cell type. The available data, characterized by non-significant specificity scores across diverse cell lineages, suggests that it may function in a ubiquitous biological process, such as apoptosis, consistent with its nomenclature and functional annotations. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression pattern of [PDCD2L](/details-gene/84306) lacks cell-type specificity. In the **Overall** context, the gene exhibits a CSI (Z-SCORE) of 0.00 and statistically non-significant p-values (p > 0.5) in all top-ranked cell types. This indicates that its expression levels in these cells are not significantly different from its average expression across all other cell populations. Despite high percentile rankings (PRS > 96%), the lack of statistical significance suggests these rankings are not biologically meaningful in the context of specificity. The top-associated cells span multiple distinct lineages, including immune cells like [plasmacytoid dendritic cell, human](/details-cell/CL0001058), various neural cells such as [neural crest cell](/details-cell/CL0011012) and [neural progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0011020), and [ciliated epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0000067). This broad and statistically insignificant expression profile strongly argues against a role for [PDCD2L](/details-gene/84306) as a specific cellular marker. Instead, it is more consistent with a gene involved in a fundamental housekeeping or inducible function common to many cell types. ## Pathways and Molecular Function Functional annotations align with the hypothesis of a general role in cellular homeostasis. [PDCD2L](/details-gene/84306) is associated with the apoptotic process ([GO:0006915](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006915)), a core pathway essential for development and tissue maintenance in virtually all cell types. This widespread requirement for apoptosis regulation is consistent with the gene's broad but non-specific expression pattern. Its annotation to protein binding ([GO:0005515](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005515)) suggests it may function as part of a larger protein complex. Additionally, some research has correlated the expression of this gene (under the alias MGC13096) with proliferation (PubMed: [17393540](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17393540/)), another fundamental process. Located in the cytoplasm ([GO:0005737](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005737)) and membrane ([GO:0016020](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0016020)), its protein product may participate in signaling cascades that balance cell survival, proliferation, and death. ## Research Directions The ubiquitous expression profile of [PDCD2L](/details-gene/84306) suggests its importance may lie not in *where* it is expressed, but *when* and *how* it is regulated in response to cellular stress or developmental cues. Future research should focus on its functional role in the context of fundamental cellular processes. ### Testable Hypotheses 1. **Hypothesis:** [PDCD2L](/details-gene/84306) is a general regulator of cellular apoptosis, and its activity, rather than its basal expression level, is the key determinant of cell fate in response to pro-apoptotic stimuli. * **Experiment:** Utilize CRISPR-mediated knockout or siRNA-mediated knockdown of [PDCD2L](/details-gene/84306) in two distinct cell lines (e.g., a neural progenitor cell line and a lymphoid cell line). Subsequently, expose these cells to common apoptotic inducers like staurosporine or UV radiation and quantify the rate of apoptosis via annexin V staining and caspase-3 activity assays compared to control cells. 2. **Hypothesis:** The function of [PDCD2L](/details-gene/84306) is dependent on its subcellular localization, potentially translocating from the cytoplasm to specific membranes to execute its pro-apoptotic or pro-proliferative functions. * **Experiment:** Engineer a cell line to express a fluorescently-tagged PDCD2L protein (e.g., PDCD2L-EGFP). Using live-cell confocal microscopy, monitor its subcellular location in real-time after treating cells with various stimuli, such as growth factors (to assess a role in proliferation) or ER stressors like tunicamycin (to assess a role in stress-induced apoptosis). 3. **Hypothesis:** [PDCD2L](/details-gene/84306) acts as a molecular switch or checkpoint protein that integrates signals related to both cell proliferation and cell death, potentially by binding to and modulating key cell cycle regulators. * **Experiment:** Perform a co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) experiment using an antibody against PDCD2L in a proliferating cell lysate, followed by mass spectrometry (IP-MS) to identify interacting protein partners. Candidates could include cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), or members of the BCL-2 family. ### Therapeutic Potential Based on its non-specific expression profile, [PDCD2L](/details-gene/84306) is an unlikely candidate for a cell-targeting therapeutic agent. However, if it is validated as a crucial regulator of apoptosis or proliferation, it could represent a potential target for systemic therapies. For example, in oncology, inhibiting [PDCD2L](/details-gene/84306) could sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy if it has a pro-survival function, but this remains highly speculative and requires foundational functional validation.

Genular Protein ID: 3133976505

Symbol: PDD2L_HUMAN

Name: Programmed cell death protein 2-like

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q9BRP1

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 3 Ensembl 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 3 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 2 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRO 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 RefSeq 1 STRING 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 15057824

Title: The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19.

PubMed ID: 15057824

DOI: 10.1038/nature02399

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 17393540

Title: The novel MGC13096 protein is correlated with proliferation.

PubMed ID: 17393540

DOI: 10.1002/cbf.1410

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 358
  • Mass: 39417
  • Checksum: 3946A6E4AD760155
  • Sequence:
    • MAAVLKPVLL GLRDAPVHGS PTGPGAWTAS KLGGIPDALP TVAAPRPVCQ RCGQPLALVV 
QVYCPLEGSP FHRLLHVFAC ACPGCSTGGA RSWKVFRSQC LQVPEREAQD AQKQGNSLAA 
EDWCEGADDW GSDTEEGPSP QFTLDFGNDA SSAKDVDWTA RLQDLRLQDA VLGAAHPVPP 
GLPLFLPYYI CVADEDDYRD FVNLDHAHSL LRDYQQREGI AMDQLLSQSL PNDGDEKYEK 
TIIKSGDQTF YKFMKRIAAC QEQILRYSWS GEPLFLTCPT SEVTELPACS QCGGQRIFEF 
QLMPALVSML KSANLGLSVE FGTILVYTCE KSCWPPNHQT PMEEFCIIQE DPDELLFK