Details for: CLDND2

Gene ID: 125875

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: CLDND2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000160318

Description: claudin domain containing 2

Cell Significance Landscape

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 3.31
    rCSI 2.94%
    PRS 98.11
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 3.05
    rCSI 2.64%
    PRS 99.41
  • rod bipolar cell CL0000751
    CSI 3.05
    rCSI 5.48%
    PRS 96.99
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 2.74
    rCSI 2.86%
    PRS 98.09
  • colon goblet cell CL0009039
    CSI 2.68
    rCSI 6.37%
    PRS 98.83
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 1.76
    rCSI 3.95%
    PRS 95.7
  • basal cell of epidermis CL0002187
    CSI 1.57
    rCSI 2.79%
    PRS 84.46
  • melanocyte of skin CL1000458
    CSI 1.16
    rCSI 1.57%
    PRS 85.45

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

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Comma-separated if multiple.
Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [CLDND2](/details-gene/125875) (claudin domain containing 2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 19q13.41. As its name suggests, it is a member of a family of proteins that are typically integral components of tight junctions, which regulate paracellular transport and maintain cell polarity. Functional annotations indicate [CLDND2](/details-gene/125875) is localized to the `[plasma membrane](/details-cell/GO0005886)` and is involved in `[protein binding](/details-cell/GO0005515)`. **Overall** expression data highlight its significant role in epithelial and secretory cells of the intestine, particularly `[intestine goblet cell](/details-cell/CL0019031)` and `[intestinal epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0002563)`, suggesting a function in maintaining the gastrointestinal barrier. Interestingly, its expression is also notable in diverse cell types such as `[granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0000557)` and `[rod bipolar cell](/details-cell/CL0000751)` of the retina, pointing towards broader, uncharacterized roles in hematopoiesis and neural tissue. The gene was identified as part of the Mammalian Gene Collection project ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.2596504)). ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [CLDND2](/details-gene/125875) points to a specialized role in multiple distinct tissues. Its highest significance scores are observed within the gastrointestinal tract, with top markers including `[intestine goblet cell](/details-cell/CL0019031)` (CSI: 3.31), `[intestinal epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0002563)` (CSI: 2.74), and `[colon goblet cell](/details-cell/CL0009039)` (CSI: 2.68). This strong and specific expression pattern suggests a primary function in establishing or maintaining the structural and functional integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier, potentially with a specialized role in the function of mucus-secreting goblet cells. Beyond the gut, [CLDND2](/details-gene/125875) shows significant expression in several unexpected cell types, indicating functional diversity. Its high significance in `[granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0000557)` (CSI: 3.05) suggests a potential role in hematopoietic cell adhesion or differentiation within the bone marrow niche. Furthermore, its expression in `[rod bipolar cell](/details-cell/CL0000751)` (CSI: 3.05) of the retina and `[astrocyte of the cerebral cortex](/details-cell/CL0002605)` (CSI: 1.76) implies a contribution to cell-cell junctions or signaling within the central nervous system. Expression is also noted in skin cells, including `[basal cell of epidermis](/details-cell/CL0002187)` and `[melanocyte of skin](/details-cell/CL1000458)`, further broadening its potential biological contexts. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The known molecular functions of [CLDND2](/details-gene/125875) are broadly defined. Gene Ontology annotations classify it as a `[plasma membrane](/details-cell/GO0005886)` protein with `[protein binding](/details-cell/GO0005515)` capabilities. While specific interacting partners have not been fully elucidated, this profile is consistent with the general function of claudin family members, which form complexes with other transmembrane and scaffolding proteins (like ZO-1, -2, and -3) to build tight junctions. Its prominent expression in intestinal epithelial and goblet cells strongly suggests involvement in pathways related to cell adhesion, paracellular permeability, and the maintenance of apical-basal polarity, which are critical for directional secretion and barrier function in the gut. ## Research Directions The diverse expression pattern of [CLDND2](/details-gene/125875) across epithelial, hematopoietic, and neural lineages presents several avenues for future investigation. While its role in the intestine appears central, its function in other contexts is poorly understood. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its high expression in `[intestine goblet cell](/details-cell/CL0019031)`, [CLDND2](/details-gene/125875) may be a specialized component of tight junctions that anchors mucin granule secretion sites to the apical membrane, thereby ensuring the proper formation of the mucus layer. 2. The high significance of [CLDND2](/details-gene/125875) in `[granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0000557)` suggests it may function as an adhesion molecule mediating the interaction between hematopoietic progenitors and stromal cells in the bone marrow, a process critical for regulating their quiescence, proliferation, or differentiation. 3. In the retina, [CLDND2](/details-gene/125875) expression in `[rod bipolar cell](/details-cell/CL0000751)` may contribute to the formation of specialized synaptic junctions or regulate ionic homeostasis in the retinal microenvironment. **Key Experimental Approach:** To test the hypothesis regarding its role in goblet cells, a CRISPR-Cas9 knockout of [CLDND2](/details-gene/125875) could be performed in human-derived intestinal organoids. The functional consequences could be assessed by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) to evaluate barrier integrity, quantifying mucin gene expression (e.g., *MUC2*) via qPCR, and visualizing mucus layer formation and goblet cell morphology using immunofluorescence and histological stains like Alcian blue. **Therapeutic Potential:** As a plasma membrane protein, [CLDND2](/details-gene/125875) is a potentially accessible therapeutic target. Dysregulation of intestinal barrier function is a hallmark of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). If future studies demonstrate that altered [CLDND2](/details-gene/125875) expression or function contributes to compromised barrier integrity in IBD, developing small molecules or biologics to modulate its activity could represent a novel therapeutic strategy. Enhancement of its function might be beneficial to restore the barrier, making it a target for activation rather than inhibition.

Genular Protein ID: 2639899569

Symbol: CLDN2_HUMAN

Name: Claudin domain-containing protein 2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q8NHS1

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 EMBL 1 Ensembl 2 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 1 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 3 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 RefSeq 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 167
  • Mass: 17984
  • Checksum: E204F0B6366C22F2
  • Sequence:
    • MGVKRSLQSG GILLSLVANV LMVLSTATNY WTRQQEGHSG LWQECNHGIC SSIPCQTTLA 
VTVACMVLAV GVGVVGMVMG LRIRCDEGES LRGQTTSAFL FLGGLLLLTA LIGYTVKNAW 
KNNVFFSWSY FSGWLALPFS ILAGFCFLLA DMIMQSTDAI SGFPVCL