Details for: CAPSL

Gene ID: 133690

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: CAPSL

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000152611

Description: calcyphosine like

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 24.1
    rCSI 21.19%
    PRS 99.08
  • ependymal cell CL0000065
    CSI 14.69
    rCSI 29.82%
    PRS 97.79
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 12.01
    rCSI 11.98%
    PRS 99.37
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 11.34
    rCSI 18.58%
    PRS 99.24
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 11.26
    rCSI 13.03%
    PRS 99.42
  • ciliated cell CL0000064
    CSI 8.88
    rCSI 14.38%
    PRS 99.06
  • ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002145
    CSI 7.08
    rCSI 16.13%
    PRS 99.17
  • nasal mucosa goblet cell CL0002480
    CSI 6.9
    rCSI 8%
    PRS 99.41
  • glioblast CL0000030
    CSI 6.8
    rCSI 10.84%
    PRS 99.34
  • squamous epithelial cell CL0000076
    CSI 6.57
    rCSI 15.6%
    PRS 98.84
  • pancreatic D cell CL0000173
    CSI 6.53
    rCSI 6.42%
    PRS 99.8
  • pulmonary ionocyte CL0017000
    CSI 5.03
    rCSI 6.12%
    PRS 99.69
  • deuterosomal cell CL4033044
    CSI 4.48
    rCSI 15.13%
    PRS 99.06

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

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  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
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    • High
    • Medium
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    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [CAPSL](/details-gene/133690) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 5 that encodes the calcyphosine-like protein. Functionally, it is annotated as a calcium-binding protein localized to the [cytoplasm](/details-ontology/GO:0005737). Expression data reveals that **Overall**, [CAPSL](/details-gene/133690) is a highly specific marker for ciliated cell types, with its most significant expression observed in [ciliated epithelial cells](/details-cell/CL0000067), [ependymal cells](/details-cell/CL0000065), and [lung ciliated cells](/details-cell/CL1000271). This distinct expression pattern suggests a specialized role in the calcium-dependent processes that govern ciliary function or maintenance in tissues such as the respiratory tract and the central nervous system. The initial characterization of the gene was supported by large-scale sequencing and cDNA projects [Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02919), [Link](https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.2596504). ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [CAPSL](/details-gene/133690) points towards a highly specialized function in a narrow range of cell types. **Overall**, the gene's significance is overwhelmingly concentrated in cells characterized by the presence of motile cilia. It is the top marker in [ciliated epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0000067) (CSI: 24.10) and shows similarly high significance in related populations, including the [ependymal cell](/details-cell/CL0000065) (CSI: 14.69) lining the brain's ventricles, [multi-ciliated epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0005012) (CSI: 12.01), and [lung ciliated cell](/details-cell/CL1000271) (CSI: 11.26). This strong association with ciliated cells from diverse anatomical locations, such as the airways ([ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree](/details-cell/CL0002145)) and the central nervous system ([choroid plexus epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0000706)), suggests a fundamental role in ciliary biology. Interestingly, [CAPSL](/details-gene/133690) also shows significant expression in [glioblast](/details-cell/CL0000030) (CSI: 6.80), a type of malignant brain tumor. This finding is notable as glioblastomas can arise from neural stem cells, which possess a primary cilium, suggesting that [CAPSL](/details-gene/133690) expression may be linked to certain developmental or pathological states in the brain. The gene's presence in other specialized secretory or sensory cells like [nasal mucosa goblet cell](/details-cell/CL0002480) and [pancreatic D cell](/details-cell/CL0000173) further indicates a role in highly differentiated cellular functions, possibly related to calcium-mediated signaling or secretion. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The known molecular function of the [CAPSL](/details-gene/133690) protein is [calcium ion binding](/details-ontology/GO:0005509). As a protein located in the [cytoplasm](/details-ontology/GO:0005737), it is positioned to act as a sensor or transducer of intracellular calcium signals. This function is highly consistent with its specific expression in ciliated cells. The beating motion of motile cilia is a tightly regulated, calcium-dependent process, where fluctuations in intracellular calcium concentration modulate ciliary beat frequency and waveform. Therefore, [CAPSL](/details-gene/133690) may function as a key component of the machinery that translates calcium signals into mechanical work in these cells, potentially by interacting with dynein arms or other components of the ciliary axoneme. ## Research Directions The highly specific expression of [CAPSL](/details-gene/133690) in ciliated cells, coupled with its calcium-binding function, opens several avenues for future research, particularly concerning human diseases involving ciliary dysfunction (ciliopathies) and cancer. Based on the available data, several testable hypotheses can be proposed: 1. [CAPSL](/details-gene/133690) is essential for the calcium-dependent regulation of ciliary beat frequency in respiratory and ependymal cells, and its loss-of-function contributes to diseases characterized by impaired mucociliary clearance or hydrocephalus. 2. The expression of [CAPSL](/details-gene/133690) in [glioblast](/details-cell/CL0000030) cells represents an oncofetal gene reactivation that contributes to tumor cell signaling or motility, potentially by hijacking calcium-dependent pathways normally associated with ciliated progenitor cells. A key experiment to test the first hypothesis would be to investigate the role of [CAPSL](/details-gene/133690) in a relevant *in vitro* system. Specifically, one could use CRISPR-Cas9 to knock out [CAPSL](/details-gene/133690) in human bronchial epithelial cells differentiated at an air-liquid interface to form a ciliated epithelium. The resulting culture could be analyzed using high-speed video microscopy to measure ciliary beat frequency and coordination, both at baseline and following stimulation with agents that modulate intracellular calcium. This would directly test the necessity of [CAPSL](/details-gene/133690) for normal ciliary motility. From a therapeutic standpoint, [CAPSL](/details-gene/133690) presents a mixed profile. Its highly restricted expression pattern is an attractive feature, potentially minimizing off-target effects. However, its intracellular location in the [cytoplasm](/details-ontology/GO:0005737) makes it a difficult target for conventional antibody-based drugs. If its activity is found to be pathogenic in glioblastoma, the development of small molecule inhibitors that disrupt its calcium-binding pocket could represent a viable strategy for inhibition. Conversely, in the context of ciliopathies caused by [CAPSL](/details-gene/133690) deficiency, gene therapy approaches might be considered to restore its function.

Genular Protein ID: 2555410844

Symbol: CAPSL_HUMAN

Name: Calcyphosin-like protein

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q8WWF8

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 10 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 2 Ensembl 3 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 2 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 MetOSite 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 RefSeq 2 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 15372022

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 5.

PubMed ID: 15372022

DOI: 10.1038/nature02919

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 208
  • Mass: 24229
  • Checksum: 4F1C9D89F13C538E
  • Sequence:
    • MAGTARHDRE MAIQAKKKLT TATDPIERLR LQCLARGSAG IKGLGRVFRI MDDDNNRTLD 
FKEFMKGLND YAVVMEKEEV EELFRRFDKD GNGTIDFNEF LLTLRPPMSR ARKEVIMQAF 
RKLDKTGDGV ITIEDLREVY NAKHHPKYQN GEWSEEQVFR KFLDNFDSPY DKDGLVTPEE 
FMNYYAGVSA SIDTDVYFII MMRTAWKL