Details for: DRD4

Gene ID: 1815

Symbol: DRD4

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000069696

Description: dopamine receptor D4

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 2.58
    Marker Score: 770
  • Cell Name: rod bipolar cell (CL0000751)
    Fold Change: 1.52
    Marker Score: 795
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: 1.14
    Marker Score: 3248
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron (CL0010011)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 71831.5
  • Cell Name: forebrain radial glial cell (CL0013000)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 48056
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.99
    Marker Score: 508
  • Cell Name: absorptive cell (CL0000212)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 30409
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ intestinal epithelial cell, human (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 462
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Marker Score: 2413
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell (CL0009010)
    Fold Change: 0.94
    Marker Score: 5344
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.93
    Marker Score: 373
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 2739
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Marker Score: 325
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 5288
  • Cell Name: choroid plexus epithelial cell (CL0000706)
    Fold Change: 0.82
    Marker Score: 756
  • Cell Name: A2 amacrine cell (CL0004219)
    Fold Change: 0.81
    Marker Score: 257
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 1262
  • Cell Name: brush cell (CL0002204)
    Fold Change: 0.77
    Marker Score: 703
  • Cell Name: Cajal-Retzius cell (CL0000695)
    Fold Change: 0.76
    Marker Score: 396
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: 0.73
    Marker Score: 556
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.69
    Marker Score: 177
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.69
    Marker Score: 2892
  • Cell Name: germ cell (CL0000586)
    Fold Change: 0.58
    Marker Score: 1016
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.58
    Marker Score: 340
  • Cell Name: intestinal enteroendocrine cell (CL1001516)
    Fold Change: 0.56
    Marker Score: 444
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.52
    Marker Score: 335
  • Cell Name: kidney proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cell (CL1000838)
    Fold Change: 0.52
    Marker Score: 1081
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.48
    Marker Score: 2029
  • Cell Name: oogonial cell (CL0000024)
    Fold Change: 0.45
    Marker Score: 645
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.44
    Marker Score: 532
  • Cell Name: respiratory basal cell (CL0002633)
    Fold Change: 0.32
    Marker Score: 453
  • Cell Name: glycinergic amacrine cell (CL4030028)
    Fold Change: 0.31
    Marker Score: 296
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 0.31
    Marker Score: 375
  • Cell Name: retinal cone cell (CL0000573)
    Fold Change: 0.29
    Marker Score: 824
  • Cell Name: retinal pigment epithelial cell (CL0002586)
    Fold Change: 0.27
    Marker Score: 80
  • Cell Name: common myeloid progenitor (CL0000049)
    Fold Change: 0.25
    Marker Score: 67
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: 0.25
    Marker Score: 79
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 0.24
    Marker Score: 82
  • Cell Name: granule cell (CL0000120)
    Fold Change: 0.24
    Marker Score: 1782.5
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (sensu Vertebrata) (CL0000123)
    Fold Change: 0.23
    Marker Score: 1182
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.22
    Marker Score: 63
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.22
    Marker Score: 73
  • Cell Name: male germ cell (CL0000015)
    Fold Change: 0.22
    Marker Score: 62
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of glomerular capsule (CL1000450)
    Fold Change: 0.2
    Marker Score: 52
  • Cell Name: OFF retinal ganglion cell (CL4023033)
    Fold Change: 0.2
    Marker Score: 85
  • Cell Name: stellate neuron (CL0000122)
    Fold Change: 0.19
    Marker Score: 1027
  • Cell Name: plasmacytoid dendritic cell, human (CL0001058)
    Fold Change: 0.19
    Marker Score: 50
  • Cell Name: renal beta-intercalated cell (CL0002201)
    Fold Change: 0.19
    Marker Score: 59
  • Cell Name: blood vessel endothelial cell (CL0000071)
    Fold Change: 0.18
    Marker Score: 183
  • Cell Name: astrocyte (CL0000127)
    Fold Change: 0.18
    Marker Score: 154
  • Cell Name: macroglial cell (CL0000126)
    Fold Change: 0.17
    Marker Score: 393
  • Cell Name: neuroendocrine cell (CL0000165)
    Fold Change: 0.17
    Marker Score: 66
  • Cell Name: kidney proximal straight tubule epithelial cell (CL1000839)
    Fold Change: 0.17
    Marker Score: 400
  • Cell Name: ON-bipolar cell (CL0000749)
    Fold Change: 0.15
    Marker Score: 452
  • Cell Name: Bergmann glial cell (CL0000644)
    Fold Change: 0.15
    Marker Score: 62
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.15
    Marker Score: 198
  • Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
    Fold Change: 0.14
    Marker Score: 3080
  • Cell Name: plasmacytoid dendritic cell (CL0000784)
    Fold Change: 0.14
    Marker Score: 76
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.14
    Marker Score: 41
  • Cell Name: epicardial adipocyte (CL1000309)
    Fold Change: 0.14
    Marker Score: 68
  • Cell Name: retinal ganglion cell (CL0000740)
    Fold Change: 0.14
    Marker Score: 174.5
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: 0.14
    Marker Score: 83
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell (CL0000837)
    Fold Change: 0.14
    Marker Score: 67
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.14
    Marker Score: 99
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: 0.13
    Marker Score: 549
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.13
    Marker Score: 32
  • Cell Name: mononuclear cell (CL0000842)
    Fold Change: 0.13
    Marker Score: 41
  • Cell Name: Mueller cell (CL0000636)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 168
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 1102
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 2302
  • Cell Name: connective tissue cell (CL0002320)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 30
  • Cell Name: tracheal goblet cell (CL1000329)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 322
  • Cell Name: retinal bipolar neuron (CL0000748)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 961
  • Cell Name: primordial germ cell (CL0000670)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 141
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 4107
  • Cell Name: hepatocyte (CL0000182)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 75.5
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of cardiac tissue (CL0002548)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 659
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 1928
  • Cell Name: S cone cell (CL0003050)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 32
  • Cell Name: common dendritic progenitor (CL0001029)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 36
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 43
  • Cell Name: podocyte (CL0000653)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 38
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte precursor cell (CL0002453)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 127
  • Cell Name: ON retinal ganglion cell (CL4023032)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 28
  • Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 67
  • Cell Name: mast cell (CL0000097)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 58
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 1480
  • Cell Name: melanocyte (CL0000148)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 40
  • Cell Name: kidney collecting duct intercalated cell (CL1001432)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 161
  • Cell Name: interneuron (CL0000099)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 44
  • Cell Name: vip GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 3603
  • Cell Name: mononuclear phagocyte (CL0000113)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 95
  • Cell Name: mature astrocyte (CL0002627)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 61
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 383
  • Cell Name: dendritic cell (CL0000451)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 63
  • Cell Name: kidney collecting duct principal cell (CL1001431)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 230
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 348
  • Cell Name: kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell (CL1000849)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 95
  • Cell Name: papillary tips cell (CL1000597)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 18
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 137

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Other Information

**Key characteristics:** - DRD4 is a transmembrane protein with a predicted molecular weight of approximately 145 kDa. - It is a member of the dopamine D4 receptor family, which is involved in the regulation of various physiological processes, including arousal, movement, and cognition. - DRD4 is expressed in cells that are involved in visual perception, brain function, and the immune response. **Pathways and functions:** - DRD4 is a ligand-gated ion channel, meaning it opens or closes in response to the binding of a specific ligand. - The ligand for DRD4 is dopamine, a neurotransmitter that is involved in various physiological processes, including attention, movement, and mood. - When dopamine binds to DRD4, it triggers the opening of the channel, allowing the flow of calcium ions into the cell. - This calcium influx leads to the activation of downstream signaling pathways, including the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) pathway and the phospholipase C (PLC) pathway. - The GPCR pathway is involved in the regulation of various cellular processes, including metabolism, proliferation, and differentiation. - The PLC pathway is involved in the regulation of intracellular signaling pathways, including those involved in cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. **Clinical significance:** - Mutations in the DRD4 gene have been linked to several neurological disorders, including schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). - DRD4 is a potential therapeutic target for these disorders, as it is involved in the regulation of brain function and behavior. - Drugs that block the action of DRD4 have been shown to be effective in treating some neurological disorders.

Genular Protein ID: 3005699293

Symbol: DRD4_HUMAN

Name: D(4) dopamine receptor

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P21917 B0M0J7 Q7Z7Q5 Q8NGM5

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CORUM 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 4 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 37 DrugCentral 1 EMBL 6 Ensembl 2 GO 45 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 Genevisible 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 5 PDBsum 2 PIR 2 PRINTS 3 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PROSITE-ProRule 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 1 SAM 1 SIGNOR 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 UniProtKB 2 VEuPathDB 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 1319557

Title: Multiple dopamine D4 receptor variants in the human population.

PubMed ID: 1319557

DOI: 10.1038/358149a0

PubMed ID: 1840645

Title: Cloning of the gene for a human dopamine D4 receptor with high affinity for the antipsychotic clozapine.

PubMed ID: 1840645

DOI: 10.1038/350610a0

PubMed ID: 16554811

Title: Human chromosome 11 DNA sequence and analysis including novel gene identification.

PubMed ID: 16554811

DOI: 10.1038/nature04632

PubMed ID: 8353495

Title: A hypervariable segment in the human dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene.

PubMed ID: 8353495

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/2.6.767

PubMed ID: 7512953

Title: D4 dopamine receptor-mediated signaling events determined in transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells.

PubMed ID: 7512953

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)32645-5

PubMed ID: 8078498

Title: Dopamine D4 receptor repeat: analysis of different native and mutant forms of the human and rat genes.

PubMed ID: 8078498

PubMed ID: 7769992

Title: Full-length cDNA cloning and distribution of human dopamine D4 receptor.

PubMed ID: 7769992

DOI: 10.1016/0169-328x(94)00245-a

PubMed ID: 7643093

Title: Modulation of intracellular cyclic AMP levels by different human dopamine D4 receptor variants.

PubMed ID: 7643093

DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.65031157.x

PubMed ID: 9003072

Title: Epinephrine and norepinephrine act as potent agonists at the recombinant human dopamine D4 receptor.

PubMed ID: 9003072

DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68020804.x

PubMed ID: 12142540

Title: Modulation of postendocytic sorting of G protein-coupled receptors.

PubMed ID: 12142540

DOI: 10.1126/science.1073308

PubMed ID: 16423344

Title: [35S]GTPgammaS binding at the human dopamine D4 receptor variants hD4.2, hD4.4 and hD4.7 following stimulation by dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine.

PubMed ID: 16423344

DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.11.063

PubMed ID: 18303015

Title: BTB Protein KLHL12 targets the dopamine D4 receptor for ubiquitination by a Cul3-based E3 ligase.

PubMed ID: 18303015

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m708473200

PubMed ID: 20836733

Title: The dopamine D(4) receptor, the ultimate disordered protein.

PubMed ID: 20836733

DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2010.513842

PubMed ID: 20100572

Title: KLHL12-mediated ubiquitination of the dopamine D4 receptor does not target the receptor for degradation.

PubMed ID: 20100572

DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2010.01.014

PubMed ID: 21184734

Title: Dopamine D2 and D4 receptor heteromerization and its allosteric receptor-receptor interactions.

PubMed ID: 21184734

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.12.083

PubMed ID: 27659709

Title: Palmitoylation of the carboxyl-terminal tail of dopamine D4 receptor is required for surface expression, endocytosis, and signaling.

PubMed ID: 27659709

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.09.094

PubMed ID: 1358063

Title: Molecular modelling of D2-like dopamine receptors.

PubMed ID: 1358063

DOI: 10.1042/bj2870277

PubMed ID: 29051383

Title: D4 dopamine receptor high-resolution structures enable the discovery of selective agonists.

PubMed ID: 29051383

DOI: 10.1126/science.aan5468

PubMed ID: 7726213

Title: Dopamine D4 receptor variant, D4-glycine-194, in Africans, but not in Caucasians: no association with schizophrenia.

PubMed ID: 7726213

DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320540419

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 419
  • Mass: 43901
  • Checksum: 34CBE8320302008E
  • Sequence:
    • MGNRSTADAD GLLAGRGPAA GASAGASAGL AGQGAAALVG GVLLIGAVLA GNSLVCVSVA 
TERALQTPTN SFIVSLAAAD LLLALLVLPL FVYSEVQGGA WLLSPRLCDA LMAMDVMLCT 
ASIFNLCAIS VDRFVAVAVP LRYNRQGGSR RQLLLIGATW LLSAAVAAPV LCGLNDVRGR 
DPAVCRLEDR DYVVYSSVCS FFLPCPLMLL LYWATFRGLQ RWEVARRAKL HGRAPRRPSG 
PGPPSPTPPA PRLPQDPCGP DCAPPAPGLP RGPCGPDCAP AAPSLPQDPC GPDCAPPAPG 
LPPDPCGSNC APPDAVRAAA LPPQTPPQTR RRRRAKITGR ERKAMRVLPV VVGAFLLCWT 
PFFVVHITQA LCPACSVPPR LVSAVTWLGY VNSALNPVIY TVFNAEFRNV FRKALRACC

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. For the full schema, download it here.