Details for: C10orf90

Gene ID: 118611

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: C10orf90

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000154493

Description: chromosome 10 open reading frame 90

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • oligodendrocyte CL0000128
    CSI 10.38
    rCSI 30.68%
    PRS 93.46
  • differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor CL4023059
    CSI 10.3
    rCSI 18.72%
    PRS 95.39
  • melanocyte CL0000148
    CSI 6.46
    rCSI 4.79%
    PRS 97.09
  • oligodendrocyte precursor cell CL0002453
    CSI 4.44
    rCSI 9.76%
    PRS 89.61
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI 3.99
    rCSI 6.99%
    PRS 96.79
  • cerebral cortex neuron CL0010012
    CSI 3.37
    rCSI 13.73%
    PRS 94.33
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 3.31
    rCSI 2.62%
    PRS 96.86
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 3.08
    rCSI 3.67%
    PRS 94.47
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 2.64
    rCSI 9.97%
    PRS 93.97
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 2.32
    rCSI 5.2%
    PRS 94.45
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 3.52%
    PRS 94.65
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 2.09
    rCSI 3.69%
    PRS 94.38
  • Schwann cell CL0002573
    CSI 1.88
    rCSI 5.35%
    PRS 96.68

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

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Comma-separated if multiple.
Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [C10orf90](/details-gene/118611) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 10q26.2. Functional annotations suggest it operates as a ubiquitin protein ligase involved in processes such as [protein polyubiquitination](/details-cell/GO:0000209) and [protein stabilization](/details-cell/GO:0050821). It has been shown to associate with the [centriole](/details-cell/GO:0005814) and bind to microtubules, indicating a role in cytoskeletal organization and cell cycle regulation ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e10-03-0246)). Expression data reveals a highly specific enrichment within the central nervous system, particularly in glial cells. The gene shows the highest significance in [oligodendrocyte](/details-cell/CL0000128)s and their precursors, suggesting a critical function in the development and maintenance of these myelinating cells. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape **Overall**, the expression profile of [C10orf90](/details-gene/118611) points to a specialized role within the nervous system. The gene demonstrates exceptionally high significance in both mature [oligodendrocyte](/details-cell/CL0000128)s (CSI: 10.38) and [differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor](/details-cell/CL4023059)s (CSI: 10.30), highlighting its potential involvement in the entire oligodendrocyte lineage, from proliferation and differentiation to myelination. Beyond the oligodendrocyte lineage, [C10orf90](/details-gene/118611) is also significantly expressed in a variety of other neural and neural-crest derived cells, including [melanocyte](/details-cell/CL0000148)s (CSI: 6.46), various neuronal subtypes such as [cerebral cortex neuron](/details-cell/CL0010012)s (CSI: 3.37), and other glial cells like [astrocyte of the cerebral cortex](/details-cell/CL0002605) (CSI: 2.32) and [Schwann cell](/details-cell/CL0002573)s (CSI: 1.88). This broader, yet CNS-centric, expression pattern suggests its function in cytoskeletal dynamics and protein turnover is important across multiple neural cell types but is most pronounced in the context of myelination. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The molecular functions attributed to [C10orf90](/details-gene/118611) are consistent with its observed cellular roles. As a ubiquitin protein ligase ([GO:0061630](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0061630)), it likely regulates the abundance of target proteins via the ubiquitin-proteasome system, contributing to [protein stabilization](/details-cell/GO:0050821). This activity is fundamental to cellular homeostasis and developmental processes. Its localization to the [cytoplasm](/details-cell/GO:0005737), [centrosome](/details-cell/GO:0005813), and [actin cytoskeleton](/details-cell/GO:0015629), combined with its [microtubule binding](/details-cell/GO:0008017) capacity, firmly places it at the intersection of cell division and cytoskeletal architecture. A study by Kötter et al. provided direct evidence for its association with centrioles, suggesting a function in [regulation of centriole replication](/details-cell/GO:0046599) ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e10-03-0246)). These functions are particularly relevant for progenitor cells, such as [oligodendrocyte precursor cell](/details-cell/CL0002453)s, which must undergo proliferation before terminally differentiating. ## Research Directions The specific and high-level expression of [C10orf90](/details-gene/118611) in the oligodendrocyte lineage, coupled with its role in protein turnover and cytoskeletal organization, suggests it may be a critical regulator of myelination and could be implicated in neurological disorders involving myelin pathology. Based on the available data, several testable hypotheses can be proposed: 1. [C10orf90](/details-gene/118611) is essential for the differentiation of [oligodendrocyte precursor cell](/details-cell/CL0002453)s into mature, myelinating [oligodendrocyte](/details-cell/CL0000128)s. Its ubiquitin ligase activity may target inhibitors of differentiation for degradation, while its microtubule-binding function could facilitate the extensive cytoskeletal remodeling required to form myelin sheaths. 2. Dysregulation of [C10orf90](/details-gene/118611) contributes to the pathology of demyelinating diseases like multiple sclerosis. Reduced function or expression could impair remyelination by preventing the proper activation and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursors in response to injury. A key experiment to test the first hypothesis would involve the targeted knockdown or knockout of [C10orf90](/details-gene/118611) in a culture system of primary rodent or human-iPSC derived [oligodendrocyte precursor cell](/details-cell/CL0002453)s. Following induced differentiation, the impact of [C10orf90](/details-gene/118611) loss could be assessed by quantifying the expression of key myelin proteins (e.g., MBP, PLP1) via immunocytochemistry and Western blot, and by evaluating the morphological complexity of the resulting cells and their ability to ensheath synthetic nanofibers in co-culture assays. As a therapeutic target, [C10orf90](/details-gene/118611) presents a nuanced opportunity. Given its role as an E3 ubiquitin ligase, it belongs to a class of enzymes amenable to small molecule modulation. If its loss-of-function is implicated in demyelinating diseases, developing molecules that stabilize the protein or enhance its ligase activity could represent a novel pro-myelination strategy. Conversely, if its over-activity is linked to glial tumors, specific inhibitors could be developed. Its highly restricted expression pattern in the CNS suggests that targeting it may have a favorable safety profile with limited off-target effects in peripheral tissues.

Genular Protein ID: 4093825885

Symbol: CJ090_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q96M02 B9EIQ9 Q5JRP6 Q5T023 Q8NCV5 Q8WU75

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 7 Ensembl 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 12 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 2 KEGG 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRO 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 RNAct 1 RefSeq 1 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SignaLink 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 15164054

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10.

PubMed ID: 15164054

DOI: 10.1038/nature02462

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 20844083

Title: Centriolar association of ALMS1 and likely centrosomal functions of the ALMS motif-containing proteins C10orf90 and KIAA1731.

PubMed ID: 20844083

DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e10-03-0246

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 699
  • Mass: 77910
  • Checksum: 099E8CEF3C910F1E
  • Sequence:
    • MLKLSGEGLR DSYHSRRDQI ALKNLQSDVT EAKSDFTKET LASQNTKMIS SIVISQMIDE 
NKSRENRASL PLPCAIAQSR AHHAKQSLAN RSGVNIHRAF ALLPGRLGIP APSDERGPEA 
ELPPKEERPC GGPRRGFASI TITARRVGPP ARALVWGTAG DSLCPKCRAE DTLFQAPPAL 
ANGAHPGRHQ RSFACTEFSR NSSVVRLKVP EAHTGLCERR KYWVTHADDK ETSFSPDTPL 
SGKSPLVFSS CVHLRVSQQC PDSIYYVDKS LSVPIEPPQI ASPKMHRSVL SLNLNCSSHR 
LTADGVDGLV NREPISEALK QELLEGDQDL VGQRWNPGLQ ESHLKETPSL RRVHLGTGAC 
PWSGSFPLEN TELANVGANQ VTVRKGEKDH TTHCHASDHA NQLSIHIPGW SYRAVHTKVF 
SGSSKRQQGE VCMTVSAPPV EQKPTRHFLP IGDSSPSDDC LSRDLSEPTE RRHQSFLKPR 
ILFPGFLCPL QDVCASLQED NGVQIESKFP KGDYTCCDLV VKIKECKKSE DPTTPEPSPA 
APSPAPRDGA GSPGLSEDCS ESQQTPARSL TLQEALEVRK PQFISRSQER LKKLEHMVQQ 
RKAQRKEDLR QKQSLLPIRT SKKQFTIPHP LSDNLFKPKE RCISEKEMHM RSKRIYDNLP 
EVKKKKEEQR KRVILQSNRL RAEVFKKQLL DQLLQRNAV