Details for: CL0000128

Cell ID: CL0000128

Cell Name: oligodendrocyte

Marker Score Threshold: 2394
(Derived using integrated single-cell and genomic data)

Description: A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system. Form the insulating myelin sheath of axons in the central nervous system.

Synonyms: OLs, oligodendroglia

Genes (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Gene Symbol: ANK3 (ENSG00000151150)
    Fold Change: 4.79
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000151150
  • Gene Symbol: DST (ENSG00000151914)
    Fold Change: 4.74
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000151914
  • Gene Symbol: APBB2 (ENSG00000163697)
    Fold Change: 4.4
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000163697
  • Gene Symbol: ALCAM (ENSG00000170017)
    Fold Change: 4.36
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000170017
  • Gene Symbol: RERE (ENSG00000142599)
    Fold Change: 4.25
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000142599
  • Gene Symbol: APP (ENSG00000142192)
    Fold Change: 3.9
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000142192
  • Gene Symbol: ADGRB3 (ENSG00000135298)
    Fold Change: 3.88
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000135298
  • Gene Symbol: APLP1 (ENSG00000105290)
    Fold Change: 3.79
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000105290
  • Gene Symbol: ABCA2 (ENSG00000107331)
    Fold Change: 3.76
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000107331
  • Gene Symbol: ANK2 (ENSG00000145362)
    Fold Change: 3.7
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000145362
  • Gene Symbol: APOD (ENSG00000189058)
    Fold Change: 3.36
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000189058
  • Gene Symbol: ACTB (ENSG00000075624)
    Fold Change: 3.35
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000075624
  • Gene Symbol: ATP1B1 (ENSG00000143153)
    Fold Change: 3.27
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143153
  • Gene Symbol: CACNA2D1 (ENSG00000153956)
    Fold Change: 2.86
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000153956
  • Gene Symbol: BIN1 (ENSG00000136717)
    Fold Change: 2.67
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000136717
  • Gene Symbol: MYRF (ENSG00000124920)
    Fold Change: 2.62
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000124920
  • Gene Symbol: ACYP2 (ENSG00000170634)
    Fold Change: 2.56
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000170634
  • Gene Symbol: CA2 (ENSG00000104267)
    Fold Change: 2.5
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000104267
  • Gene Symbol: LDLRAD4 (ENSG00000168675)
    Fold Change: 2.46
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000168675
  • Gene Symbol: BRAF (ENSG00000157764)
    Fold Change: 2.43
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000157764
  • Gene Symbol: ADAM10 (ENSG00000137845)
    Fold Change: 2.37
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000137845
  • Gene Symbol: B2M (ENSG00000166710)
    Fold Change: 2.22
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000166710
  • Gene Symbol: ADD3 (ENSG00000148700)
    Fold Change: 2.19
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000148700
  • Gene Symbol: AMD1 (ENSG00000123505)
    Fold Change: 2.12
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000123505
  • Gene Symbol: ADK (ENSG00000156110)
    Fold Change: 2.11
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000156110
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5MC2 (ENSG00000135390)
    Fold Change: 2.1
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000135390
  • Gene Symbol: ASPA (ENSG00000108381)
    Fold Change: 2.05
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000108381
  • Gene Symbol: ACTG1 (ENSG00000184009)
    Fold Change: 2.02
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000184009
  • Gene Symbol: BICD1 (ENSG00000151746)
    Fold Change: 1.96
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000151746
  • Gene Symbol: ADD1 (ENSG00000087274)
    Fold Change: 1.95
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000087274
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1E (ENSG00000124172)
    Fold Change: 1.88
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000124172
  • Gene Symbol: ACTN4 (ENSG00000130402)
    Fold Change: 1.86
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000130402
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5ME (ENSG00000169020)
    Fold Change: 1.85
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000169020
  • Gene Symbol: ATRX (ENSG00000085224)
    Fold Change: 1.81
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000085224
  • Gene Symbol: ARHGAP5 (ENSG00000100852)
    Fold Change: 1.8
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000100852
  • Gene Symbol: APC (ENSG00000134982)
    Fold Change: 1.79
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000134982
  • Gene Symbol: ADARB2 (ENSG00000185736)
    Fold Change: 1.79
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000185736
  • Gene Symbol: ATM (ENSG00000149311)
    Fold Change: 1.76
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000149311
  • Gene Symbol: ATP2A2 (ENSG00000174437)
    Fold Change: 1.72
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000174437
  • Gene Symbol: ADSS2 (ENSG00000035687)
    Fold Change: 1.71
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000035687
  • Gene Symbol: ABL1 (ENSG00000097007)
    Fold Change: 1.63
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000097007
  • Gene Symbol: BMPR1A (ENSG00000107779)
    Fold Change: 1.61
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000107779
  • Gene Symbol: RHOB (ENSG00000143878)
    Fold Change: 1.57
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143878
  • Gene Symbol: RHOA (ENSG00000067560)
    Fold Change: 1.56
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000067560
  • Gene Symbol: APLP2 (ENSG00000084234)
    Fold Change: 1.54
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000084234
  • Gene Symbol: ATP6V0B (ENSG00000117410)
    Fold Change: 1.53
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000117410
  • Gene Symbol: APBA2 (ENSG00000034053)
    Fold Change: 1.52
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000034053
  • Gene Symbol: APBA1 (ENSG00000107282)
    Fold Change: 1.51
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000107282
  • Gene Symbol: APBB1 (ENSG00000166313)
    Fold Change: 1.51
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000166313
  • Gene Symbol: ACACA (ENSG00000278540)
    Fold Change: 1.51
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000278540
  • Gene Symbol: ATP2B1 (ENSG00000070961)
    Fold Change: 1.46
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000070961
  • Gene Symbol: BMPR2 (ENSG00000204217)
    Fold Change: 1.45
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000204217
  • Gene Symbol: BSG (ENSG00000172270)
    Fold Change: 1.38
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000172270
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5PF (ENSG00000154723)
    Fold Change: 1.37
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000154723
  • Gene Symbol: ATP1A1 (ENSG00000163399)
    Fold Change: 1.36
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000163399
  • Gene Symbol: AUH (ENSG00000148090)
    Fold Change: 1.36
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000148090
  • Gene Symbol: BNIP3L (ENSG00000104765)
    Fold Change: 1.36
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000104765
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1C (ENSG00000165629)
    Fold Change: 1.35
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000165629
  • Gene Symbol: TMEM258 (ENSG00000134825)
    Fold Change: 1.35
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000134825
  • Gene Symbol: BTF3 (ENSG00000145741)
    Fold Change: 1.32
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000145741
  • Gene Symbol: BCL2 (ENSG00000171791)
    Fold Change: 1.29
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000171791
  • Gene Symbol: ARHGAP1 (ENSG00000175220)
    Fold Change: 1.27
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000175220
  • Gene Symbol: ANXA4 (ENSG00000196975)
    Fold Change: 1.26
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000196975
  • Gene Symbol: BBS2 (ENSG00000125124)
    Fold Change: 1.25
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000125124
  • Gene Symbol: BCAT1 (ENSG00000060982)
    Fold Change: 1.25
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000060982
  • Gene Symbol: BCL2L1 (ENSG00000171552)
    Fold Change: 1.25
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000171552
  • Gene Symbol: ATOX1 (ENSG00000177556)
    Fold Change: 1.24
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000177556
  • Gene Symbol: ATP6V0A1 (ENSG00000033627)
    Fold Change: 1.24
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000033627
  • Gene Symbol: ADCY5 (ENSG00000173175)
    Fold Change: 1.23
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000173175
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1D (ENSG00000099624)
    Fold Change: 1.23
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000099624
  • Gene Symbol: ARF1 (ENSG00000143761)
    Fold Change: 1.21
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143761
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1B (ENSG00000110955)
    Fold Change: 1.21
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000110955
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5PB (ENSG00000116459)
    Fold Change: 1.2
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000116459
  • Gene Symbol: TLE5 (ENSG00000104964)
    Fold Change: 1.19
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000104964
  • Gene Symbol: BOK (ENSG00000176720)
    Fold Change: 1.19
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000176720
  • Gene Symbol: HCN2 (ENSG00000099822)
    Fold Change: 1.18
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000099822
  • Gene Symbol: BCYRN1 (ENSG00000236824)
    Fold Change: 1.18
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000236824
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1A (ENSG00000152234)
    Fold Change: 1.17
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000152234
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5MC3 (ENSG00000154518)
    Fold Change: 1.17
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000154518
  • Gene Symbol: BCKDHB (ENSG00000083123)
    Fold Change: 1.17
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000083123
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5PO (ENSG00000241837)
    Fold Change: 1.14
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000241837
  • Gene Symbol: ALDOA (ENSG00000149925)
    Fold Change: 1.14
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000149925
  • Gene Symbol: ABL2 (ENSG00000143322)
    Fold Change: 1.13
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143322
  • Gene Symbol: SLC25A6 (ENSG00000169100)
    Fold Change: 1.12
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000169100
  • Gene Symbol: AP2B1 (ENSG00000006125)
    Fold Change: 1.1
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000006125
  • Gene Symbol: ATR (ENSG00000175054)
    Fold Change: 1.09
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000175054
  • Gene Symbol: ATP2B4 (ENSG00000058668)
    Fold Change: 1.08
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000058668
  • Gene Symbol: ACTN2 (ENSG00000077522)
    Fold Change: 1.05
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000077522
  • Gene Symbol: ASAH1 (ENSG00000104763)
    Fold Change: 1.05
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000104763
  • Gene Symbol: ANXA7 (ENSG00000138279)
    Fold Change: 1.04
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000138279
  • Gene Symbol: ATP1B3 (ENSG00000069849)
    Fold Change: 1.04
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000069849
  • Gene Symbol: ATP6V1A (ENSG00000114573)
    Fold Change: 1.04
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000114573
  • Gene Symbol: KIF1A (ENSG00000130294)
    Fold Change: 1.04
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000130294
  • Gene Symbol: AP1G1 (ENSG00000166747)
    Fold Change: 1.03
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000166747
  • Gene Symbol: ARSB (ENSG00000113273)
    Fold Change: 1.03
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000113273
  • Gene Symbol: ARL2 (ENSG00000213465)
    Fold Change: 1.02
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000213465
  • Gene Symbol: ASPH (ENSG00000198363)
    Fold Change: 1.01
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198363
  • Gene Symbol: RHOG (ENSG00000177105)
    Fold Change: 1.01
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000177105
  • Gene Symbol: AMPD3 (ENSG00000133805)
    Fold Change: 1
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000133805
  • Gene Symbol: ARF4 (ENSG00000168374)
    Fold Change: 1
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000168374
Hovered Details

Hover over a box to see details here...

Hovered Details

Hover over a box to see details here...

**Key Characteristics** Oligodendrocytes are characterized by their large size, multiple processes, and ability to extend their processes to multiple axons. They have a distinctive morphology, with a large cell body and multiple thin processes that extend from the cell body to the surrounding tissue. Oligodendrocytes are also unique in their ability to form myelin sheaths around multiple axons, which is essential for the efficient transmission of electrical signals. **Clinical Significance** Oligodendrocytes play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of the CNS, and their dysfunction has been implicated in various neurological disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS), which is characterized by demyelination and axonal damage. MS is a chronic and progressive disease that affects the CNS, leading to symptoms such as vision loss, muscle weakness, and cognitive impairment. In addition to MS, oligodendrocytes have also been implicated in other neurological disorders, including stroke, traumatic brain injury, and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. **Pathways/ontology** Oligodendrocytes are involved in a wide range of cellular processes, including: * Asparagine n-linked glycosylation * Axon guidance * Axonogenesis * Basal plasma membrane * Basolateral plasma membrane * Bicellular tight junction * Cadherin binding * Cell surface * Cellular response to magnesium ion * Copi-mediated anterograde transport * Costamere * Cytoskeletal anchor activity * Cytoskeletal protein binding * Cytoskeleton organization * Cytosol * Dendrite * Developmental biology * Endoplasmic reticulum * Er to golgi anterograde transport * Establishment of protein localization * Golgi apparatus * Golgi to plasma membrane protein transport * Interaction between l1 and ankyrins * Intercalated disc * L1cam interactions * Lateral plasma membrane * Lysosome * Magnesium ion homeostasis * Maintenance of protein location in plasma membrane * Membrane assembly * Membrane trafficking * Metabolism of proteins * Mitotic cytokinesis * Negative regulation of delayed rectifier potassium channel activity * Nervous system development * Neuromuscular junction * Neuromuscular junction development * Neuronal action potential * Neuron projection * Node of ranvier * Plasma membrane * Plasma membrane organization * Positive regulation of cation channel activity * Positive regulation of cell communication by electrical coupling * Positive regulation of gene expression * Positive regulation of homotypic cell-cell adhesion * Positive regulation of membrane depolarization during cardiac muscle cell action potential * Positive regulation of membrane potential * Positive regulation of protein targeting to membrane * Positive regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transporter activity * Positive regulation of sodium ion transport * Post-translational protein modification * Postsynaptic membrane * Protein-macromolecule adaptor activity * Protein binding * Protein localization to axon * Protein localization to plasma membrane * Regulation of potassium ion transport * Sarcolemma * Sarcoplasmic reticulum * Signal transduction * Spectrin-associated cytoskeleton * Spectrin binding * Structural constituent of cytoskeleton * T-tubule * Transmembrane transporter binding * Transport to the golgi and subsequent modification * Vesicle-mediated transport * Z disc Overall, oligodendrocytes play a critical role in the development, maintenance, and function of the CNS, and their dysfunction has been implicated in various neurological disorders.