Details for: PICALM

Gene ID: 8301

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: PICALM

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000073921

Description: phosphatidylinositol binding clathrin assembly protein

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 53.81
    rCSI 93.07%
    PRS 11.32
  • adipocyte CL0000136
    CSI 40.99
    rCSI 52.63%
    PRS 14.72
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 37.31
    rCSI 52.89%
    PRS 13.87
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 32.77
    rCSI 55%
    PRS 8.76
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 32.4
    rCSI 49.49%
    PRS 14.91
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 31.25
    rCSI 75.94%
    PRS 8.55
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 28.31
    rCSI 35.22%
    PRS 8.15
  • central nervous system macrophage CL0000878
    CSI 27.92
    rCSI 92.55%
    PRS 14.6
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 26.42
    rCSI 82.56%
    PRS 9.37
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 26.3
    rCSI 58.1%
    PRS 10.71
  • kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage CL1000695
    CSI 25.07
    rCSI 65.35%
    PRS 13.64
  • oligodendrocyte CL0000128
    CSI 23.89
    rCSI 70.59%
    PRS 11.36
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 23.62
    rCSI 37.99%
    PRS 9.58
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 21.47
    rCSI 77.26%
    PRS 8.19
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 20.8
    rCSI 26.81%
    PRS 9.21
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 20.48
    rCSI 25.47%
    PRS 15.71
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 19.31
    rCSI 23.07%
    PRS 8.57
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 18.79
    rCSI 71.01%
    PRS 8.99
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 18.49
    rCSI 45.76%
    PRS 13.75
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 17.88
    rCSI 31.57%
    PRS 8.74
  • parietal epithelial cell CL1000452
    CSI 17.62
    rCSI 47.1%
    PRS 12.42
  • Hofbauer cell CL3000001
    CSI 17.6
    rCSI 33.23%
    PRS 18.59
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 17.23
    rCSI 26%
    PRS 14.8
  • H1 horizontal cell CL0004217
    CSI 17.18
    rCSI 68.07%
    PRS 20.62
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 16.67
    rCSI 42.29%
    PRS 11.31
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 16.63
    rCSI 23.87%
    PRS 11.53
  • microglial cell CL0000129
    CSI 16.44
    rCSI 66.15%
    PRS 34.61
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI 15.22
    rCSI 47.59%
    PRS 10.06
  • endothelial cell of placenta CL0009092
    CSI 14.92
    rCSI 73.52%
    PRS 20.21
  • GABAergic amacrine cell CL4030027
    CSI 14.51
    rCSI 49.7%
    PRS 12.95
  • renal principal cell CL0005009
    CSI 14.42
    rCSI 37.45%
    PRS 19.53
  • vascular associated smooth muscle cell CL0000359
    CSI 13.99
    rCSI 45.39%
    PRS 18.15
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 13.3
    rCSI 78.29%
    PRS 9.21
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI 13.25
    rCSI 23.22%
    PRS 11.04
  • neuron CL0000540
    CSI 12.98
    rCSI 34.57%
    PRS 11.93
  • small intestine goblet cell CL1000495
    CSI 12.58
    rCSI 27.55%
    PRS 19.86
  • H2 horizontal cell CL0004218
    CSI 12.5
    rCSI 62.16%
    PRS 15.88
  • myeloid dendritic cell CL0000782
    CSI 12.36
    rCSI 17.9%
    PRS 22.08
  • paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine CL1000343
    CSI 11.89
    rCSI 33.31%
    PRS 23.01
  • mesangial cell CL0000650
    CSI 11.72
    rCSI 47.79%
    PRS 20.01
  • epicardial adipocyte CL1000309
    CSI 11.41
    rCSI 37.13%
    PRS 18.01
  • mural cell CL0008034
    CSI 11.39
    rCSI 38.59%
    PRS 13.47
  • renal interstitial pericyte CL1001318
    CSI 11.17
    rCSI 30.79%
    PRS 13.84
  • epithelial cell of proximal tubule CL0002306
    CSI 9.99
    rCSI 24.4%
    PRS 14.75
  • centrilobular region hepatocyte CL0019029
    CSI 9.42
    rCSI 24.57%
    PRS 23.26
  • central nervous system neuron CL2000029
    CSI 9.21
    rCSI 67.68%
    PRS 7.97
  • podocyte CL0000653
    CSI 9.08
    rCSI 40.36%
    PRS 14.6
  • endothelial cell of vascular tree CL0002139
    CSI 8.65
    rCSI 47.28%
    PRS 24.79
  • tissue-resident macrophage CL0000864
    CSI 8.55
    rCSI 40%
    PRS 30.28
  • erythrocyte CL0000232
    CSI 8.38
    rCSI 19.02%
    PRS 20.63
  • oligodendrocyte precursor cell CL0002453
    CSI 8.2
    rCSI 18.04%
    PRS 9.54
  • Mueller cell CL0000636
    CSI 7.97
    rCSI 18.2%
    PRS 12.98
  • mature microglial cell CL0002629
    CSI 7.87
    rCSI 32.71%
    PRS 20.61
  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 7.57
    rCSI 9.37%
    PRS 13.06
  • endothelial cell of arteriole CL1000412
    CSI 7.55
    rCSI 41.89%
    PRS 41.53
  • rod bipolar cell CL0000751
    CSI 7.48
    rCSI 13.44%
    PRS 12.43
  • retina horizontal cell CL0000745
    CSI 7.37
    rCSI 11.23%
    PRS 13.88
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 7.33
    rCSI 12.01%
    PRS 11.49
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 7.31
    rCSI 11.67%
    PRS 16.33
  • pulmonary capillary endothelial cell CL4028001
    CSI 7.22
    rCSI 13.76%
    PRS 23.72
  • L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030059
    CSI 7.21
    rCSI 15.64%
    PRS 8.85
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 7.21
    rCSI 14.47%
    PRS 11.03
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 7.2
    rCSI 12.89%
    PRS 13.79
  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 7.17
    rCSI 5.56%
    PRS 14.19
  • capillary endothelial cell CL0002144
    CSI 7.11
    rCSI 13.04%
    PRS 53.31
  • brush cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002075
    CSI 7.1
    rCSI 21.06%
    PRS 21.44
  • invaginating midget bipolar cell CL4033034
    CSI 7.05
    rCSI 41.62%
    PRS 15.39
  • cholangiocyte CL1000488
    CSI 7.01
    rCSI 41.98%
    PRS 23.81
  • precursor B cell CL0000817
    CSI 6.94
    rCSI 6.08%
    PRS 19.69
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 6.92
    rCSI 7.99%
    PRS 13.06
  • granulocyte CL0000094
    CSI 6.78
    rCSI 10.36%
    PRS 18.9
  • neutrophil CL0000775
    CSI 6.74
    rCSI 37.7%
    PRS 29.08
  • L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030063
    CSI 6.73
    rCSI 16.1%
    PRS 8.55
  • radial glial cell CL0000681
    CSI 6.72
    rCSI 9.33%
    PRS 15.33
  • inhibitory interneuron CL0000498
    CSI 6.57
    rCSI 15.18%
    PRS 12
  • myofibroblast cell CL0000186
    CSI 6.52
    rCSI 9.03%
    PRS 21.21
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 6.41
    rCSI 5.31%
    PRS 14.94
  • colonocyte CL1000347
    CSI 6.36
    rCSI 9.11%
    PRS 20.41
  • perivascular cell CL4033054
    CSI 6.26
    rCSI 8.56%
    PRS 16.88
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 6.24
    rCSI 4.93%
    PRS 10.24
  • macrophage CL0000235
    CSI 6.2
    rCSI 11.27%
    PRS 54.35
  • ependymal cell CL0000065
    CSI 5.86
    rCSI 11.9%
    PRS 6.74
  • ionocyte CL0005006
    CSI 5.82
    rCSI 6.24%
    PRS 13.69
  • blood vessel smooth muscle cell CL0019018
    CSI 5.74
    rCSI 46.67%
    PRS 15.24
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 5.62
    rCSI 12.61%
    PRS 9.16
  • mucosal invariant T cell CL0000940
    CSI 5.52
    rCSI 4.46%
    PRS 23.74
  • retinal pigment epithelial cell CL0002586
    CSI 5.51
    rCSI 10.94%
    PRS 15.85
  • respiratory basal cell CL0002633
    CSI 5.41
    rCSI 5.6%
    PRS 17.49
  • effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001050
    CSI 5.27
    rCSI 4.01%
    PRS 19.55
  • interstitial cell of Cajal CL0002088
    CSI 5.25
    rCSI 6.68%
    PRS 17.3
  • alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004
    CSI 5.15
    rCSI 5.64%
    PRS 16.99
  • periportal region hepatocyte CL0019026
    CSI 5.12
    rCSI 19.91%
    PRS 20.67
  • contractile cell CL0000183
    CSI 5.1
    rCSI 15.07%
    PRS 12.54
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 5.07
    rCSI 18.98%
    PRS 12.64
  • type B pancreatic cell CL0000169
    CSI 5.06
    rCSI 11.19%
    PRS 13.85
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 5
    rCSI 4.82%
    PRS 15.41
  • kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001107
    CSI 4.96
    rCSI 12.83%
    PRS 13.88
  • neural cell CL0002319
    CSI 4.92
    rCSI 18.58%
    PRS 21.52
  • kidney interstitial fibroblast CL1000692
    CSI 4.9
    rCSI 26.05%
    PRS 30.27
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 4.81
    rCSI 5.02%
    PRS 15.25
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI -9.7
    rCSI -7.3%
    PRS 15.6%
  • mesenchymal cell CL0008019
    CSI -3.5
    rCSI -9.0%
    PRS 15.1%
  • luminal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002340
    CSI -3.1
    rCSI -16.8%
    PRS 26.6%
  • cerebellar neuron CL1001611
    CSI -0.9
    rCSI -7.7%
    PRS 7.7%
  • primitive red blood cell CL0002355
    CSI -0.7
    rCSI -3.5%
    PRS 27.3%
  • pancreatic PP cell CL0002275
    CSI -0.5
    rCSI -1.9%
    PRS 26.1%
  • pancreatic stellate cell CL0002410
    CSI 0.0
    rCSI 0.2%
    PRS 22.3%
  • cytotoxic T cell CL0000910
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.5%
    PRS 21.7%
  • mesenchymal stem cell CL0000134
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 26.8%
  • paneth cell CL0000510
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.2%
    PRS 23.4%
  • mature B cell CL0000785
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.2%
    PRS 18.4%
  • type L enteroendocrine cell CL0002279
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.5%
    PRS 29.1%
  • erythroid progenitor cell CL0000038
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 22.9%
  • CD8-positive, CD28-negative, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000920
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.6%
    PRS 24.8%
  • basal-myoepithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002324
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.5%
    PRS 32.2%
  • pancreatic D cell CL0000173
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.3%
    PRS 16.2%
  • paneth cell of colon CL0009009
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 40.5%
  • exhausted T cell CL0011025
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 5.8%
    PRS 53.1%
  • syncytiotrophoblast cell CL0000525
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 28.5%
  • enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine CL0002071
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 26.1%
  • prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell CL2000059
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 10.5%
    PRS 47.8%
  • collagen secreting cell CL0000667
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 49.3%
  • ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002145
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 15.4%
  • enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine CL1000334
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 7.3%
    PRS 36.4%
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of colon CL0009043
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 3.6%
    PRS 27.0%
  • intrahepatic cholangiocyte CL0002538
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 26.7%
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, terminally differentiated CL0001062
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 19.5%
  • kidney granular cell CL0000648
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 7.6%
    PRS 63.2%
  • vasa recta ascending limb cell CL1001131
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 50.2%
  • transit amplifying cell of small intestine CL0009012
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 27.6%
  • lung microvascular endothelial cell CL2000016
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 10.4%
    PRS 44.4%
  • vasa recta descending limb cell CL1001285
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 4.7%
    PRS 55.3%
  • skeletal muscle satellite stem cell CL0008011
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 40.3%
  • stromal cell of ovary CL0002132
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 24.5%
  • endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid CL0019022
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 22.4%
  • neural progenitor cell CL0011020
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 14.3%
  • smooth muscle cell of the pulmonary artery CL0002591
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 5.2%
    PRS 48.4%
  • central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000907
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 0.5%
    PRS 17.9%
  • helper T cell CL0000912
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 20.6%
  • acinar cell CL0000622
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 19.6%
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 17.2%
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 13.3%
  • colon goblet cell CL0009039
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 22.3%
  • dopaminergic neuron CL0000700
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 4.9%
    PRS 7.0%
  • diffuse bipolar 6 cell CL4033032
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 4.8%
    PRS 17.2%
  • endothelial cell of uterus CL0009095
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 6.7%
    PRS 39.6%
  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 14.8%
  • macroglial cell CL0000126
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 20.3%
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 16.3%
  • retinal rod cell CL0000604
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 14.7%
  • diffuse bipolar 4 cell CL4033031
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 12.1%
    PRS 15.8%
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 17.5%
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 10.9%
  • effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001044
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 21.8%
  • muscle cell CL0000187
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 33.7%
  • luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002326
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 22.7%
  • CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002397
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 21.0%
  • midbrain dopaminergic neuron CL2000097
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 7.6%
    PRS 22.3%
  • OFFx cell CL4033036
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 5.6%
    PRS 15.0%
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 15.2%
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 13.9%
  • skeletal muscle satellite cell CL0000594
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 45.3%
  • neuroendocrine cell CL0000165
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 4.9%
    PRS 30.3%
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 13.3%
  • tendon cell CL0000388
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 38.7%
  • renal alpha-intercalated cell CL0005011
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 19.7%
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 17.4%
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 16.7%
  • Langerhans cell CL0000453
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 26.1%
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine CL0009017
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 19.2%
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000913
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 22.5%
  • type EC enteroendocrine cell CL0000577
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 4.7%
    PRS 24.3%
  • glycinergic amacrine cell CL4030028
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 14.6%
  • basal cell of epidermis CL0002187
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 13.7%
  • myoepithelial cell CL0000185
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 18.5%
  • glial cell CL0000125
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 5.2%
    PRS 14.9%
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 15.2%
  • lung neuroendocrine cell CL1000223
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 17.1%
  • cerebellar granule cell CL0001031
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 13.7%
  • enteroendocrine cell of small intestine CL0009006
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 22.7%
  • tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell CL0019019
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 19.7%
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000794
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 25.9%
  • stromal cell CL0000499
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 20.9%
  • mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue CL0002570
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 8.2%
    PRS 40.7%
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 15.7%
  • cerebral cortex pyramidal neuron CL4023111
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 9.6%
    PRS 38.4%
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 14.7%
  • brain vascular cell CL4023072
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 16.2%
    PRS 15.2%
  • regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 10.0%
    PRS 11.7%
  • S cone cell CL0003050
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 7.1%
    PRS 11.7%
  • foveolar cell of stomach CL0002179
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 3.6%
    PRS 23.9%
  • GABAergic interneuron CL0011005
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 26.4%
    PRS 9.4%
  • acinar cell of salivary gland CL0002623
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 39.8%
    PRS 27.2%
  • mucus secreting cell CL0000319
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 19.2%
  • mononuclear phagocyte CL0000113
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 3.8%
    PRS 16.6%
  • enteroendocrine cell CL0000164
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 16.5%
  • diffuse bipolar 1 cell CL4033027
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 13.1%
    PRS 13.7%
  • intestinal tuft cell CL0019032
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 17.0%
  • adventitial cell CL0002503
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 23.0%
  • innate lymphoid cell CL0001065
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 22.5%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [PICALM](/details-gene/8301), or Phosphatidylinositol Binding Clathrin Assembly Protein, is a critical adaptor protein involved in the fundamental cellular process of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. It functions by linking clathrin cages to cargo-containing vesicles and the plasma membrane, thereby facilitating the internalization of proteins and lipids. Its expression profile is broad, with notable significance in cells requiring high rates of membrane trafficking, such as [cerebral cortex endothelial cell](/details-cell/CL1001602), various neuronal subtypes, and [adipocyte](/details-cell/CL0000136). Functionally, [PICALM](/details-gene/8301) is implicated in diverse biological processes ranging from synaptic vesicle recycling and iron homeostasis to the regulation of amyloid-beta metabolism, linking it to both normal physiology and pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease and leukemia. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression pattern of [PICALM](/details-gene/8301) highlights its essential role in cellular transport across multiple organ systems. **Overall**, the gene shows high significance in a diverse set of cell types, underscoring its housekeeping function in endocytic trafficking. Its prominence in the central nervous system is particularly striking, with high CSI scores in numerous neuronal subtypes, including [lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023011), [L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron](/details-cell/CL4023040), and [retinal ganglion cell](/details-cell/CL0000740), as well as glial cells like [oligodendrocyte](/details-cell/CL0000128). This is consistent with a crucial role in synaptic vesicle formation and recycling, processes vital for sustained neurotransmission. Beyond the nervous system, [PICALM](/details-gene/8301) is a significant gene in cells forming critical physiological barriers, such as [cerebral cortex endothelial cell](/details-cell/CL1001602) and [kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL1001111). This suggests its involvement in transcytosis and receptor-mediated transport across these interfaces. High significance in [adipocyte](/details-cell/CL0000136) may point to a role in nutrient and hormone receptor internalization. Furthermore, its expression in immune cells like [central nervous system macrophage](/details-cell/CL0000878) and [kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage](/details-cell/CL1000695) indicates a function in antigen presentation, phagocytosis, or cytokine receptor turnover. Conversely, its low significance in cell types such as [group 3 innate lymphoid cell](/details-cell/CL0001071) and [mesenchymal cell](/details-cell/CL0008019) suggests that its function may be less critical or compensated by other adaptor proteins in these specific lineages. ## Pathways and Molecular Function [PICALM](/details-gene/8301) is a well-established component of the endocytic machinery. Its function is primarily annotated within the [Clathrin-mediated endocytosis](/details-pathway/R-HSA-8856828) pathway, where it participates in [Clathrin coat assembly](/details-cell/GO:0048268) and [Vesicle budding from membrane](/details-cell/GO:0006900). Molecularly, it acts as a scaffold protein, exhibiting binding activity to key components of this process, including [Clathrin binding](/details-cell/GO:0030276), [Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate binding](/details-cell/GO:0005546) to anchor to membranes, and [Snare binding](/details-cell/GO:0000149) to regulate vesicle fusion events ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2011.10.038)). The gene's involvement in neurological function is supported by its roles in [Axonogenesis](/details-cell/GO:0007409) and [Synaptic vesicle budding from presynaptic endocytic zone membrane](/details-cell/GO:0016185). Its connection to Alzheimer's disease is highlighted by seemingly opposing functions: it is involved in both [Positive regulation of amyloid-beta formation](/details-cell/GO:1902004) and [Amyloid-beta clearance by transcytosis](/details-cell/GO:0150093). This duality suggests a complex, cell-type-specific role in modulating amyloid precursor protein (APP) metabolism and amyloid-beta trafficking. Furthermore, [PICALM](/details-gene/8301) is associated with [Hemopoiesis](/details-cell/GO:0030097) and [Intracellular iron ion homeostasis](/details-cell/GO:0006879), the latter being critical for erythropoiesis. Its name, Clathrin Assembly Lymphoid Myeloid Leukemia protein, originates from its discovery as a fusion partner with the AF10 gene in t(10;11) chromosomal translocations associated with acute leukemia ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.10.4804)). ## Research Directions The diverse functions and broad expression of [PICALM](/details-gene/8301) present several avenues for future investigation, particularly concerning its context-dependent roles in health and disease. Based on the available data, two testable hypotheses can be proposed: 1. The paradoxical role of [PICALM](/details-gene/8301) in Alzheimer's disease stems from cell-type-specific functions. In neurons, its primary activity may be the endocytosis of APP, contributing to amyloid-beta production. In contrast, in [cerebral cortex endothelial cell](/details-cell/CL1001602), it may predominantly facilitate the transcytotic clearance of amyloid-beta from the brain into circulation. The balance between these two functions could be a key determinant of disease risk and progression. 2. The PICALM-AF10 oncoprotein disrupts normal hematopoietic development not only by altering gene transcription (the known function of AF10) but also by impairing clathrin-mediated endocytosis of critical surface receptors, such as transferrin receptor, thereby disrupting iron homeostasis and blocking cellular differentiation. A key experiment to test the first hypothesis would be: To dissect the cell-type-specific contributions of [PICALM](/details-gene/8301) in Alzheimer's pathology, one could generate mice with conditional deletion of the gene in either neurons (e.g., via a Syn1-Cre driver) or endothelial cells (e.g., via a Cdh5-CreERT2 driver). These mice would be crossed with an established Alzheimer's mouse model (e.g., APP/PS1). Subsequent analysis of amyloid plaque load, cognitive performance, and brain/plasma amyloid-beta ratios via immunohistochemistry, behavioral assays, and ELISA would elucidate the differential roles of neuronal versus endothelial [PICALM](/details-gene/8301). Therapeutically, [PICALM](/details-gene/8301) is a challenging target due to its fundamental role in a ubiquitous cellular process. Global inhibition would likely lead to significant toxicity. However, its role in pathology presents specific opportunities. For Alzheimer's disease, developing strategies to selectively enhance [PICALM](/details-gene/8301) activity in blood-brain barrier endothelial cells could be a viable approach to promote amyloid-beta clearance. In the context of leukemia, the PICALM-AF10 fusion protein represents a cancer-specific vulnerability. Targeting this fusion protein directly, for example with small molecule inhibitors that disrupt its unique protein-protein interactions or with targeted protein degraders (PROTACs), would be a promising therapeutic strategy.

Genular Protein ID: 1680223874

Symbol: PICAL_HUMAN

Name: Phosphatidylinositol-binding clathrin assembly protein

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8643484

Title: The t(10;11)(p13;q14) in the U937 cell line results in the fusion of the AF10 gene and CALM, encoding a new member of the AP-3 clathrin assembly protein family.

PubMed ID: 8643484

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.93.10.4804

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16554811

Title: Human chromosome 11 DNA sequence and analysis including novel gene identification.

PubMed ID: 16554811

DOI: 10.1038/nature04632

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 9737689

Title: Alternative splicing in wild-type AF10 and CALM cDNAs and in AF10-CALM and CALM-AF10 fusion cDNAs produced by the t(10;11)(p13-14;q14-q21) suggests a potential role for truncated AF10 polypeptides.

PubMed ID: 9737689

DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2401109

PubMed ID: 10436022

Title: Clathrin assembly lymphoid myeloid leukemia (CALM) protein: localization in endocytic-coated pits, interactions with clathrin, and the impact of overexpression on clathrin-mediated traffic.

PubMed ID: 10436022

DOI: 10.1091/mbc.10.8.2687

PubMed ID: 16262731

Title: Effect of clathrin assembly lymphoid myeloid leukemia protein depletion on clathrin coat formation.

PubMed ID: 16262731

DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2005.00355.x

PubMed ID: 16491119

Title: The novel CALM interactor CATS influences the subcellular localization of the leukemogenic fusion protein CALM/AF10.

PubMed ID: 16491119

DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1209438

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22118466

Title: The molecular basis for the endocytosis of small R-SNAREs by the clathrin adaptor CALM.

PubMed ID: 22118466

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2011.10.038

PubMed ID: 21808019

Title: SNARE motif-mediated sorting of synaptobrevin by the endocytic adaptors clathrin assembly lymphoid myeloid leukemia (CALM) and AP180 at synapses.

PubMed ID: 21808019

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1107067108

PubMed ID: 21406692

Title: System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation.

PubMed ID: 21406692

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2001570

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 23741335

Title: Uncoupling the functions of CALM in VAMP sorting and clathrin-coated pit formation.

PubMed ID: 23741335

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064514

PubMed ID: 24067654

Title: Adaptor complex AP2/PICALM, through interaction with LC3, targets Alzheimer's APP-CTF for terminal degradation via autophagy.

PubMed ID: 24067654

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1315110110

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25218447

Title: Uncovering global SUMOylation signaling networks in a site-specific manner.

PubMed ID: 25218447

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.2890

PubMed ID: 25241929

Title: PICALM modulates autophagy activity and tau accumulation.

PubMed ID: 25241929

DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5998

PubMed ID: 25898166

Title: CALM regulates clathrin-coated vesicle size and maturation by directly sensing and driving membrane curvature.

PubMed ID: 25898166

DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2015.03.002

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 27574975

Title: A Novel Sequence in AP180 and CALM Promotes Efficient Clathrin Binding and Assembly.

PubMed ID: 27574975

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162050

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 652
  • Mass: 70755
  • Checksum: AC3227E9D32AFEDA
  • Sequence:
  • MSGQSLTDRI TAAQHSVTGS AVSKTVCKAT THEIMGPKKK HLDYLIQCTN EMNVNIPQLA 
    DSLFERTTNS SWVVVFKSLI TTHHLMVYGN ERFIQYLASR NTLFNLSNFL DKSGLQGYDM 
    STFIRRYSRY LNEKAVSYRQ VAFDFTKVKR GADGVMRTMN TEKLLKTVPI IQNQMDALLD 
    FNVNSNELTN GVINAAFMLL FKDAIRLFAA YNEGIINLLE KYFDMKKNQC KEGLDIYKKF 
    LTRMTRISEF LKVAEQVGID RGDIPDLSQA PSSLLDALEQ HLASLEGKKI KDSTAASRAT 
    TLSNAVSSLA STGLSLTKVD EREKQAALEE EQARLKALKE QRLKELAKKP HTSLTTAASP 
    VSTSAGGIMT APAIDIFSTP SSSNSTSKLP NDLLDLQQPT FHPSVHPMST ASQVASTWGD 
    PFSATVDAVD DAIPSLNPFL TKSSGDVHLS ISSDVSTFTT RTPTHEMFVG FTPSPVAQPH 
    PSAGLNVDFE SVFGNKSTNV IVDSGGFDEL GGLLKPTVAS QNQNLPVAKL PPSKLVSDDL 
    DSSLANLVGN LGIGNGTTKN DVNWSQPGEK KLTGGSNWQP KVAPTTAWNA ATMAPPVMAY 
    PATTPTGMIG YGIPPQMGSV PVMTQPTLIY SQPVMRPPNP FGPVSGAQIQ FM