Details for: TMEM255B

Gene ID: 348013

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: TMEM255B

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000184497

Description: transmembrane protein 255B

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037
    CSI 19.52
    rCSI 12.98%
    PRS 97.03
  • pulmonary capillary endothelial cell CL4028001
    CSI 6.64
    rCSI 12.67%
    PRS 98.23
  • vein endothelial cell of respiratory system CL4033008
    CSI 5.46
    rCSI 37.47%
    PRS 97.49
  • cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008
    CSI 5.34
    rCSI 21.56%
    PRS 96.45
  • granulocyte CL0000094
    CSI 4.01
    rCSI 6.13%
    PRS 98.05
  • pulmonary artery endothelial cell CL1001568
    CSI 3.81
    rCSI 5.18%
    PRS 97.79
  • blood vessel endothelial cell CL0000071
    CSI 3.67
    rCSI 7.61%
    PRS 95.24
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 2.89
    rCSI 4.62%
    PRS 97.25
  • endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid CL0019021
    CSI 2.69
    rCSI 12.35%
    PRS 96.54
  • epithelial cell CL0000066
    CSI 2.66
    rCSI 4.09%
    PRS 87.19
  • endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel CL0002138
    CSI 2.57
    rCSI 5.1%
    PRS 96.14
  • endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid CL0019022
    CSI 2.03
    rCSI 6.26%
    PRS 96.43
  • vasa recta ascending limb cell CL1001131
    CSI 1.65
    rCSI 7.47%
    PRS 97.91
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 1.63
    rCSI 2.45%
    PRS 98.25
  • endothelial cell of uterus CL0009095
    CSI 1
    rCSI 7.33%
    PRS 98.45
  • endothelial cell of placenta CL0009092
    CSI 0.93
    rCSI 4.57%
    PRS 97.34
  • endothelial cell of venule CL1000414
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 6.21%
    PRS 97.8
  • vasa recta descending limb cell CL1001285
    CSI 0.68
    rCSI 5.44%
    PRS 97.74
  • prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell CL2000059
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 14.29%
    PRS 97.22

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

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Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [TMEM255B](/details-gene/348013) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 13q34, which encodes the transmembrane protein 255B. Foundational genomic sequencing efforts have characterized its locus ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02379)) and transcript ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.2596504)). Functional annotations indicate that [TMEM255B](/details-gene/348013) is an integral membrane protein with protein-binding capabilities. Expression data reveals a highly significant and specific role in the hematopoietic and vascular endothelial systems. Its expression is most prominent in [hematopoietic stem cells](/details-cell/CL0000037), suggesting a fundamental role in the maintenance or function of this critical progenitor population. Additionally, its consistent expression across diverse endothelial cell types points towards a conserved function in the vascular lining. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [TMEM255B](/details-gene/348013) highlights its primary involvement in two key biological systems: hematopoiesis and the vasculature. **Overall**, the gene's significance is exceptionally high in [hematopoietic stem cells](/details-cell/CL0000037) (CSI: 19.52), indicating it may serve as a specific marker or a crucial functional component for this cell type. This is further supported by its notable expression in other hematopoietic lineages, including [granulocytes](/details-cell/CL0000094) (CSI: 4.01) and [intermediate monocytes](/details-cell/CL0002393) (CSI: 1.63), suggesting a sustained role during hematopoietic differentiation. A second major site of [TMEM255B](/details-gene/348013) expression is the endothelium. The gene shows significant expression across a wide array of endothelial cells from different tissues, including [pulmonary capillary endothelial cells](/details-cell/CL4028001) (CSI: 6.64), [vein endothelial cells of the respiratory system](/details-cell/CL4033008) (CSI: 5.46), and [cardiac endothelial cells](/details-cell/CL0010008) (CSI: 5.34). This broad and consistent expression pattern suggests that [TMEM255B](/details-gene/348013) is involved in a core function common to endothelial cells, such as maintaining vascular integrity, regulating transport, or participating in cell-cell junctions. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The known molecular function of [TMEM255B](/details-gene/348013) is currently annotated as protein binding ([GO:0005515](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005515)). As a transmembrane protein located within the membrane ([GO:0016020](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0016020)), it is positioned to act as a receptor, co-receptor, or adhesion molecule. This function is highly consistent with its observed cellular roles. In [hematopoietic stem cells](/details-cell/CL0000037), it could mediate interactions with the bone marrow niche, transmitting signals that regulate self-renewal or differentiation. In [endothelial cells](/details-cell/CL0000071), its protein-binding capacity may be integral to forming junctions with adjacent cells or interacting with circulating immune cells. ## Research Directions The unique expression pattern of [TMEM255B](/details-gene/348013), particularly its high significance in [hematopoietic stem cells](/details-cell/CL0000037), warrants further investigation into its precise biological roles and therapeutic potential. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. **[TMEM255B](/details-gene/348013) is essential for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) maintenance and homing.** Its localization at the cell membrane and protein-binding function suggest it could be a key component of the HSC niche signaling machinery, mediating the retention of stem cells in the bone marrow and regulating their quiescence or activation. 2. **[TMEM255B](/details-gene/348013) contributes to the regulation of vascular permeability and integrity.** Its widespread expression across diverse endothelial populations suggests a fundamental role. It may be part of a complex that stabilizes cell-cell junctions or senses hemodynamic forces. **Key Experimental Approach:** To test the first hypothesis regarding the role of [TMEM255B](/details-gene/348013) in HSC function, a conditional knockout mouse model would be highly informative. Specifically, one could cross a mouse line with a floxed *Tmem255b* allele to a Vav1-Cre line, which induces gene deletion specifically in the hematopoietic system. The resulting knockout animals could be analyzed for: * Changes in the frequency and absolute number of HSCs and progenitor populations in the bone marrow via flow cytometry. * Functional defects in HSCs using competitive bone marrow transplantation assays to assess their long-term repopulation capacity. * Impaired homing of knockout HSCs to the bone marrow following intravenous injection. **Therapeutic Potential:** Given its high and specific expression on the surface of [hematopoietic stem cells](/details-cell/CL0000037), [TMEM255B](/details-gene/348013) presents a promising target for both diagnostics and therapeutics. It could serve as a novel surface marker for the prospective isolation and purification of human HSCs for transplantation, potentially improving upon current methods. Furthermore, antibodies or other biologics targeting [TMEM255B](/details-gene/348013) could be developed for conditioning regimens prior to bone marrow transplantation, offering a more targeted alternative to cytotoxic chemotherapy for depleting the host HSC niche. Depending on its function, therapeutic modulation (either activation or inhibition) could also be explored to mobilize HSCs from the bone marrow into the periphery for collection.

Genular Protein ID: 2660647800

Symbol: T255B_HUMAN

Name: Transmembrane protein 255B

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q8WV15

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 3 Ensembl 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 1 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRO 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 RefSeq 1 STRING 1 SignaLink 1 TCDB 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 15057823

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 13.

PubMed ID: 15057823

DOI: 10.1038/nature02379

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 326
  • Mass: 34609
  • Checksum: 3F40820C29E434AC
  • Sequence:
    • MQPPVPGPLG LLDPAEGLSR RKKTSLWFVG SLLLVSVLIV TVGLAATTRT ENVTVGGYYP 
GIILGFGSFL GIIGINLVEN RRQMLVAAIV FISFGVVAAF CCAIVDGVFA AQHIEPRPLT 
TGRCQFYSSG VGYLYDVYQT EVTCHSLDGK CQLKVRSNTC YCCDLYACGS AEPSPAYYEF 
IGVSGCQDVL HLYRLLWASA VLNVLGLFLG IITAAVLGAF KDMVPLSQLA YGPAVPPQTL 
YNPAQQILAY AGFRLTPEPV PTCSSYPLPL QPCSRFPVAP SSALASSEDL QPPSPSSSGS 
GLPGQAPPCY APTYFPPGEK PPPYAP