Details for: SLC16A5

Gene ID: 9121

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: SLC16A5

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000170190

Description: solute carrier family 16 member 5

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • renal alpha-intercalated cell CL0005011
    CSI 3.69
    rCSI 4.93%
    PRS 97.36
  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 3.61
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 97.65
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 3.41
    rCSI 4.83%
    PRS 95.13
  • renal beta-intercalated cell CL0002201
    CSI 3.03
    rCSI 7.23%
    PRS 96.1
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 2.81
    rCSI 2.81%
    PRS 92.63
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 2.78
    rCSI 2.68%
    PRS 94.49
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 2.74
    rCSI 2.41%
    PRS 90.74
  • ciliated cell CL0000064
    CSI 2.74
    rCSI 4.44%
    PRS 91.6
  • kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001107
    CSI 2.54
    rCSI 6.56%
    PRS 94.86
  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 2.42
    rCSI 2.99%
    PRS 95.07
  • renal principal cell CL0005009
    CSI 2.25
    rCSI 5.84%
    PRS 95.66
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 2.07
    rCSI 2.98%
    PRS 91.27
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 2
    rCSI 2.32%
    PRS 92.83
  • ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002145
    CSI 1.57
    rCSI 3.59%
    PRS 91.05
  • parietal epithelial cell CL1000452
    CSI 1.38
    rCSI 3.69%
    PRS 93.5
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 1.29
    rCSI 3.28%
    PRS 93.2
  • kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001106
    CSI 1.17
    rCSI 10.11%
    PRS 92.67

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

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Comma-separated if multiple.
Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [SLC16A5](/details-gene/9121), or Solute Carrier Family 16 Member 5, encodes a protein known as monocarboxylate transporter 6 (MCT6). As a member of the monocarboxylate transporter family, its primary function is the transmembrane transport of monocarboxylic acids such as lactate, pyruvate, and ketone bodies, often functioning as a symporter [Link](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9425115/). **Overall**, expression data reveals that [SLC16A5](/details-gene/9121) is a highly significant gene in specialized epithelial cells, particularly within the kidney and respiratory tract. Its prominent role in cell types like [renal alpha-intercalated cell](/details-cell/CL0005011)s and [epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract](/details-cell/CL0002632) suggests a critical function in metabolic homeostasis, substrate transport, and acid-base balance in these organ systems. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [SLC16A5](/details-gene/9121) highlights its importance in cells with high metabolic and transport activity, primarily of epithelial origin. The gene shows its highest significance in the kidney, with top markers including [renal alpha-intercalated cell](/details-cell/CL0005011) (CSI: 3.69), [kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL1001111) (CSI: 3.41), [renal beta-intercalated cell](/details-cell/CL0002201) (CSI: 3.03), and [renal principal cell](/details-cell/CL0005009) (CSI: 2.25). This pattern strongly suggests a central role in renal physiology, likely involving the reabsorption and secretion of metabolic substrates and the regulation of systemic pH. A second major site of [SLC16A5](/details-gene/9121) expression is the respiratory system. It is a key gene in [epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract](/details-cell/CL0002632) (CSI: 3.61) and various ciliated cells, including [multi-ciliated epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0005012) (CSI: 2.81), [ciliated cell](/details-cell/CL0000064) (CSI: 2.74), and [lung ciliated cell](/details-cell/CL1000271) (CSI: 2.00). This indicates a potential role in maintaining the metabolic health and function of the airway epithelium, possibly by supplying energy substrates required for processes like ciliary beating. Additionally, [SLC16A5](/details-gene/9121) shows significant expression in [cardiac muscle cell](/details-cell/CL0000746)s (CSI: 2.07), consistent with the heart's high demand for metabolic fuels like lactate. Notably, the gene's expression is not prominent in immune, neuronal, or hematopoietic lineages, suggesting a specialized function in epithelial and muscle tissues with high energy turnover. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The functions of [SLC16A5](/details-gene/9121) are consistent with its role as a transporter. Gene Ontology annotations confirm its involvement in 'transmembrane transport' ([GO:0055085](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0055085)), with a specific 'monocarboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity' ([GO:0008028](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0008028)) and 'symporter activity' ([GO:0015293](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0015293)). Its primary subcellular location is the 'plasma membrane' ([GO:0005886](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005886)), particularly the 'basolateral plasma membrane' ([GO:0016323](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0016323)). This localization is critical for its function in epithelial tissues, where it would mediate the transport of solutes from the cell into the interstitial fluid and bloodstream. The annotation for 'protein binding' ([GO:0005515](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005515)) suggests it may interact with regulatory or scaffolding proteins to modulate its activity or localization. ## Research Directions The specific and high expression of [SLC16A5](/details-gene/9121) in metabolically active tissues presents several avenues for future investigation. Its role appears fundamental to organ-specific physiology, and its dysregulation could be implicated in a range of pathologies. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. **Hypothesis:** In the kidney, [SLC16A5](/details-gene/9121) is essential for acid-base homeostasis by mediating the basolateral transport of monocarboxylates (e.g., lactate) in intercalated cells, a process coupled to bicarbonate reabsorption or secretion. Its loss-of-function would lead to metabolic acidosis or alkalosis, particularly under conditions of metabolic stress. 2. **Hypothesis:** In the heart, [SLC16A5](/details-gene/9121) facilitates the uptake of lactate from circulation for use as a primary energy substrate by [cardiac muscle cell](/details-cell/CL0000746)s. Reduced [SLC16A5](/details-gene/9121) function could impair cardiac metabolic flexibility, rendering the heart more susceptible to ischemic injury. **Suggested Experimental Approach:** To test the role of [SLC16A5](/details-gene/9121) in renal acid-base balance, a conditional knockout mouse model could be generated using a Cre-Lox system to specifically delete the gene in renal intercalated cells. These knockout mice and wild-type controls would be subjected to an acid load (e.g., ammonium chloride in drinking water). Blood gas analysis, serum electrolyte levels, and urine pH would be monitored over time. Furthermore, isotope-labeled lactate could be infused to directly measure differences in renal lactate transport and metabolism between genotypes using mass spectrometry. **Therapeutic Potential:** As a transmembrane transporter, [SLC16A5](/details-gene/9121) is a potentially druggable target. However, its high expression in multiple critical organs, including the kidney, lung, and heart, suggests that systemic modulation could have significant off-target effects. Therapeutic strategies would need to be highly targeted. For diseases characterized by deficient monocarboxylate transport (e.g., certain metabolic myopathies or renal tubular acidoses), small-molecule activators of [SLC16A5](/details-gene/9121) could be beneficial. Conversely, in pathologies driven by excessive metabolic activity or lactate shuttling, such as certain cancers that may co-opt this transporter, targeted inhibitors could represent a viable strategy.

Genular Protein ID: 2435944728

Symbol: MOT6_HUMAN

Name: Monocarboxylate transporter 6

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

O15375 B4E288

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 1 EMBL 5 Ensembl 4 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 6 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 5 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 NCBIfam 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 RNAct 1 RefSeq 2 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TCDB 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9425115

Title: Cloning and sequencing of four new mammalian monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) homologues confirms the existence of a transporter family with an ancient past.

PubMed ID: 9425115

DOI: 10.1042/bj3290321

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16625196

Title: DNA sequence of human chromosome 17 and analysis of rearrangement in the human lineage.

PubMed ID: 16625196

DOI: 10.1038/nature04689

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 505
  • Mass: 54994
  • Checksum: E0F7B4BD607D2364
  • Sequence:
    • MPQALERADG SWAWVVLLAT MVTQGLTLGF PTCIGIFFTE LQWEFQASNS ETSWFPSILT 
AVLHMAGPLC SILVGRFGCR VTVMLGGVLA SLGMVASSFS HNLSQLYFTA GFITGLGMCF 
SFQSSITVLG FYFVRRRVLA NALASMGVSL GITLWPLLSR YLLENLGWRG TFLVFGGIFL 
HCCICGAIIR PVATSVAPET KECPPPPPET PALGCLAACG RTIQRHLAFD ILRHNTGYCV 
YILGVMWSVL GFPLPQVFLV PYAMWHSVDE QQAALLISII GFSNIFLRPL AGLMAGRPAF 
ASHRKYLFSL ALLLNGLTNL VCAASGDFWV LVGYCLAYSV SMSGIGALIF QVLMDIVPMD 
QFPRALGLFT VLDGLAFLIS PPLAGLLLDA TNNFSYVFYM SSFFLISAAL FMGGSFYALQ 
KKEQGKQAVA ADALERDLFL EAKDGPGKQR SPEIMCQSSR QPRPAGVNKH LWGCPASSRT 
SHEWLLWPKA VLQAKQTALG WNSPT