Details for: TMEM71

Gene ID: 137835

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: TMEM71

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000165071

Description: transmembrane protein 71

Cell Significance Landscape

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 47.72
    rCSI 68.48%
    PRS 73.82
  • central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000907
    CSI 7.18
    rCSI 4.84%
    PRS 94.22
  • granulocyte CL0000094
    CSI 5.3
    rCSI 8.1%
    PRS 89.48
  • double negative thymocyte CL0002489
    CSI 4.56
    rCSI 3.17%
    PRS 93.25
  • activated type II NK T cell CL0000931
    CSI 4.26
    rCSI 4.8%
    PRS 93.95
  • alpha-beta T cell CL0000789
    CSI 4.17
    rCSI 4.88%
    PRS 94.18
  • hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037
    CSI 4.02
    rCSI 2.67%
    PRS 85.72
  • CD8-positive, CD28-negative, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000920
    CSI 3.79
    rCSI 7.56%
    PRS 93
  • effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001050
    CSI 3.73
    rCSI 2.84%
    PRS 94.09
  • activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000896
    CSI 3.14
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 95.08
  • mature T cell CL0002419
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 2.41%
    PRS 94.4
  • T-helper 17 cell CL0000899
    CSI 2.92
    rCSI 2.32%
    PRS 96.46
  • regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131
    CSI 2.84
    rCSI 17.72%
    PRS 75.76
  • CD14-positive monocyte CL0001054
    CSI 2.83
    rCSI 3.53%
    PRS 91.07
  • regular atrial cardiac myocyte CL0002129
    CSI 2.78
    rCSI 8.96%
    PRS 80.29
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000897
    CSI 2.71
    rCSI 1.94%
    PRS 94.09
  • central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000904
    CSI 2.64
    rCSI 1.56%
    PRS 95.84
  • Schwann cell CL0002573
    CSI 2.56
    rCSI 7.27%
    PRS 79.09
  • cardiac neuron CL0010022
    CSI 2.41
    rCSI 7.72%
    PRS 81.14
  • CD4-positive helper T cell CL0000492
    CSI 2.19
    rCSI 1.66%
    PRS 93.64
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI 1.99
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 88.63
  • fibroblast of cardiac tissue CL0002548
    CSI 1.86
    rCSI 8.91%
    PRS 83.56
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 1.84
    rCSI 1.59%
    PRS 86.79
  • lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000838
    CSI 1.68
    rCSI 6.52%
    PRS 95.2
  • T-helper 1 cell CL0000545
    CSI 1.51
    rCSI 2.72%
    PRS 95.08
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000794
    CSI 1.48
    rCSI 1.77%
    PRS 95.39
  • promonocyte CL0000559
    CSI 1.42
    rCSI 2.43%
    PRS 88.24
  • lung macrophage CL1001603
    CSI 1.41
    rCSI 3.14%
    PRS 89.58
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 1.36
    rCSI 2.06%
    PRS 88.09
  • effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001044
    CSI 1.28
    rCSI 3.68%
    PRS 96.34
  • memory T cell CL0000813
    CSI 1.13
    rCSI 2.17%
    PRS 96.57
  • mature alpha-beta T cell CL0000791
    CSI 1
    rCSI 3.63%
    PRS 95.83
  • enteroglial cell CL4040002
    CSI 0.71
    rCSI 3.75%
    PRS 84.34
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, terminally differentiated CL0001062
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 2%
    PRS 93.28
  • cytotoxic T cell CL0000910
    CSI 0.23
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 85.55

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.
Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [TMEM71](/details-gene/137835) is a protein-coding gene located on human chromosome 8q24.22 that encodes Transmembrane protein 71. Functional annotations suggest the protein localizes to the [membrane (GO:0016020)](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0016020) and the [mitochondrion (GO:0005739)](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005739), and may be involved in [protein binding (GO:0005515)](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005515). Expression data reveals a dual role for this gene. It is most significantly and specifically expressed in [cardiac muscle cells](/details-cell/CL0000746), suggesting a primary function in cardiac biology. Additionally, [TMEM71](/details-gene/137835) shows consistent, albeit lower, significance across a wide range of immune cell types, particularly T lymphocyte subsets, indicating a secondary but potentially important role in the immune system. The gene's existence and sequence have been confirmed by large-scale cDNA projects ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/ng1285), [Link](https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.2596504)) and chromosome sequencing efforts ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04406)). ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The **Overall** expression profile of [TMEM71](/details-gene/137835) is dominated by its exceptionally high significance score (CSI: 47.72) in [cardiac muscle cells](/details-cell/CL0000746), a finding supported by its presence in both [regular ventricular cardiac myocytes](/details-cell/CL0002131) and [regular atrial cardiac myocytes](/details-cell/CL0002129). This pattern strongly suggests that [TMEM71](/details-gene/137835) is a key molecular player in the fundamental biology of heart muscle. Beyond its role in cardiac tissue, [TMEM71](/details-gene/137835) demonstrates a broad expression profile within the hematopoietic system. It is significantly expressed in various T lymphocyte subsets, including [central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cells](/details-cell/CL0000907), [double negative thymocytes](/details-cell/CL0002489), [alpha-beta T cells](/details-cell/CL0000789), [effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cells](/details-cell/CL0001050), and [activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cells](/details-cell/CL0000896). Its expression extends to other immune lineages such as [granulocytes](/details-cell/CL0000094), [hematopoietic stem cells](/details-cell/CL0000037), and [CD14-positive monocytes](/details-cell/CL0001054). This consistent presence across multiple immune cell types points towards a general role in immune cell function or maintenance, rather than a marker for a specific, terminally differentiated lineage. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The precise molecular function of [TMEM71](/details-gene/137835) remains poorly characterized. However, gene ontology annotations provide important clues. Its designation as a [membrane (GO:0016020)](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0016020) protein is consistent with its name, while its additional localization to the [mitochondrion (GO:0005739)](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005739) is particularly notable. This dual localization could suggest a role in processes at the interface between mitochondria and other cellular compartments. The mitochondrial association is highly relevant given the cell types where [TMEM71](/details-gene/137835) is most significant. [Cardiac muscle cells](/details-cell/CL0000746) possess an extremely high density of mitochondria to meet the continuous energy demands of heart contraction. Similarly, immune cells, especially T cells, undergo profound metabolic reprogramming during activation, a process heavily dependent on mitochondrial dynamics and function. The annotated molecular function of [protein binding (GO:0005515)](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005515) suggests that [TMEM71](/details-gene/137835) may act as a scaffold or adapter protein within mitochondrial or other membrane-associated protein complexes. ## Research Directions The available data points to compelling, yet unexplored, roles for [TMEM71](/details-gene/137835) in both cardiac and immune biology. Further research is necessary to elucidate its specific functions. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its mitochondrial localization and profound significance in [cardiac muscle cells](/details-cell/CL0000746), [TMEM71](/details-gene/137835) is hypothesized to be essential for maintaining mitochondrial integrity, regulating energy metabolism, or mediating signaling pathways critical for cardiomyocyte homeostasis and contractility. 2. The consistent expression of [TMEM71](/details-gene/137835) across diverse T cell developmental and activation states suggests a role in a core T cell process, such as regulating mitochondrial dynamics during T cell activation, contributing to the formation of the immunological synapse, or promoting long-term cell survival. **Experimental Approach:** To test the hypothesis that [TMEM71](/details-gene/137835) is critical for cardiac mitochondrial function, a conditional knockout mouse model with a cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of *Tmem71* could be generated. In vivo cardiac function could be monitored using serial echocardiography under baseline and stress conditions (e.g., isoproterenol challenge). Cardiomyocytes isolated from these mice could be subjected to functional assays, including Seahorse analysis to measure mitochondrial respiration, high-resolution microscopy to assess mitochondrial morphology and network structure, and functional assays to evaluate calcium handling and contractility. **Therapeutic Potential:** The therapeutic potential of [TMEM71](/details-gene/137835) is currently unclear due to its uncharacterized function. Its extremely high expression in a vital organ like the heart raises a significant risk of on-target toxicity for any systemic therapeutic intervention. If future research links its dysfunction to specific cardiac pathologies like inherited cardiomyopathies, it could become a target for gene therapy or highly specific small molecule modulators. Similarly, if its role in T cells is found to be critical for autoimmune responses, it could be a target for inhibition; however, its widespread expression would remain a major challenge for developing a safe therapeutic strategy.

Genular Protein ID: 418425801

Symbol: TMM71_HUMAN

Name: Transmembrane protein 71

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q6P5X7 Q3KRC2 Q8WVZ4 Q96LX9

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 3 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 11 Ensembl 3 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 2 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 1 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MalaCards 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRO 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 RNAct 1 RefSeq 2 SMR 1 STRING 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16421571

Title: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 8.

PubMed ID: 16421571

DOI: 10.1038/nature04406

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 295
  • Mass: 32983
  • Checksum: 0A6E95E154DC5F7E
  • Sequence:
    • MYRISQLMST PVASSSRLER EYAGELSPTC IFPSFTCDSL DGYHSFECGS IDPLTGSHYT 
CRRSPRLLTN GYYIWTEDSF LCDKDGNITL NPSQTSVMYK ENLVRIFRKK KRICHSFSSL 
FNLSTSKSWL HGSIFGDINS SPSEDNWLKG TRRLDTDHCN GNADDLDCSS LTDDWESGKM 
NAESVITSSS SHIISQPPGG NSHSLSLQSQ LTASERFQEN SSDHSETRLL QEVFFQAILL 
AVCLIISACA RWFMGEILAS VFTCSLMITV AYVKSLFLSL ASYFKTTACA RFVKI