Details for: HNRNPA1L3

Gene ID: 642659

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: HNRNPA1L3

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000224578

Description: heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 like 3

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000810
    CSI 13.1
    rCSI 10.5%
    PRS 96.21
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 10.97
    rCSI 9.63%
    PRS 98.28
  • hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037
    CSI 7.34
    rCSI 4.88%
    PRS 97.68
  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 6.61
    rCSI 5.34%
    PRS 97.78
  • hematopoietic precursor cell CL0008001
    CSI 5.6
    rCSI 5.76%
    PRS 98.47
  • myofibroblast cell CL0000186
    CSI 5.05
    rCSI 6.99%
    PRS 95.27
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 5.03
    rCSI 4.17%
    PRS 97.57
  • basal cell CL0000646
    CSI 4.69
    rCSI 6.28%
    PRS 95.23
  • vascular associated smooth muscle cell CL0000359
    CSI 4.64
    rCSI 15.04%
    PRS 96.53
  • granulocyte CL0000094
    CSI 4.35
    rCSI 6.65%
    PRS 98.3
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000811
    CSI 4.32
    rCSI 6.74%
    PRS 97.83
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 3.72
    rCSI 3.36%
    PRS 96.59
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI 3.68
    rCSI 2.77%
    PRS 97.96
  • naive thymus-derived CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000895
    CSI 2.84
    rCSI 3.56%
    PRS 99.09
  • keratinocyte CL0000312
    CSI 2.65
    rCSI 2.22%
    PRS 96.15
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 2.61
    rCSI 3.14%
    PRS 97.13
  • fraction A pre-pro B cell CL0002045
    CSI 2.56
    rCSI 2.93%
    PRS 98.34
  • promyelocyte CL0000836
    CSI 2.43
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 97.33
  • enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504
    CSI 2.39
    rCSI 3.41%
    PRS 97.29
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 2.31
    rCSI 3.06%
    PRS 97.6
  • common dendritic progenitor CL0001029
    CSI 2.04
    rCSI 2.56%
    PRS 98.55
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 1.83
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 94.53
  • hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell CL0000837
    CSI 1.51
    rCSI 3.64%
    PRS 98.88
  • primordial germ cell CL0000670
    CSI 1.39
    rCSI 6.94%
    PRS 95.93

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

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Comma-separated if multiple.
Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [HNRNPA1L3](/details-gene/642659) is a protein-coding gene that encodes the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 like 3. As a member of the hnRNP family, it is functionally implicated in RNA processing, particularly [mRNA splicing, via spliceosome (GO:0000398)](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0000398) and [mRNA 3'-UTR binding (GO:0003730)](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0003730). Expression data indicates a highly significant role for [HNRNPA1L3](/details-gene/642659) in the hematopoietic system, with its highest significance observed in progenitor populations and developing lymphocytes. Its prominent expression in cells like [CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocytes](/details-cell/CL0000810) and [early lymphoid progenitors](/details-cell/CL0000936) suggests it is a key regulator of gene expression during hematopoiesis and lymphocyte development. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape **Overall**, the expression profile of [HNRNPA1L3](/details-gene/642659) is predominantly centered on hematopoietic cell lineages, especially during their early stages of development and differentiation. The gene shows the highest significance in [CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte](/details-cell/CL0000810) (CSI: 13.10), indicating a crucial function in T-cell maturation within the thymus. The cellular landscape can be functionally grouped into several key areas: * **Early Hematopoiesis:** The gene is highly significant in primitive hematopoietic cells, including [hematopoietic stem cell](/details-cell/CL0000037) (CSI: 7.34), [common myeloid progenitor](/details-cell/CL0000049) (CSI: 6.61), and [hematopoietic precursor cell](/details-cell/CL0008001) (CSI: 5.60). This pattern suggests a role in maintaining stemness or guiding early lineage commitment decisions. * **Lymphoid Development:** Beyond T-cell precursors, [HNRNPA1L3](/details-gene/642659) is also a key marker in [early lymphoid progenitor](/details-cell/CL0000936) (CSI: 10.97), [pro-B cell](/details-cell/CL0000826) (CSI: 5.03), and [group 3 innate lymphoid cell](/details-cell/CL0001071) (CSI: 3.68), underscoring its broad importance across lymphoid lineage specification. * **Other Progenitor/Active Cells:** While its primary role appears to be in hematopoiesis, [HNRNPA1L3](/details-gene/642659) also shows significance in other actively differentiating or structural cell types, such as [myofibroblast cell](/details-cell/CL0000186) (CSI: 5.05), [basal cell](/details-cell/CL0000646) (CSI: 4.69), and [keratinocyte](/details-cell/CL0000312) (CSI: 2.65). This may reflect a more general function in regulating complex gene expression programs in various progenitor populations. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The functional annotations for [HNRNPA1L3](/details-gene/642659) are consistent with its expression pattern in developmentally active cells. Its participation in the [catalytic step 2 spliceosome (GO:0071013)](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0071013) highlights a direct role in mRNA splicing, a process critical for generating protein diversity and regulating gene output. In the context of hematopoiesis, this function may be essential for the alternative splicing of transcripts encoding key transcription factors or cell surface receptors that dictate lineage fate. For instance, precise splicing of genes involved in T-cell receptor rearrangement or CD4/CD8 co-receptor expression is fundamental to thymocyte development, where [HNRNPA1L3](/details-gene/642659) is most significant. Furthermore, its ability to bind the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of mRNA ([mRNA 3'-UTR binding (GO:0003730)](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0003730)) suggests a role in post-transcriptional regulation. By binding to 3'-UTRs, [HNRNPA1L3](/details-gene/642659) could control the stability, localization, and translational efficiency of key mRNAs, thereby fine-tuning the protein levels required for the orderly progression of cell differentiation from a [hematopoietic stem cell](/details-cell/CL0000037) to a mature lymphocyte. ## Research Directions The strong association of [HNRNPA1L3](/details-gene/642659) with hematopoietic progenitors and developing lymphocytes raises several important questions about its precise role in health and disease. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its top significance in [thymocytes](/details-cell/CL0000810), [HNRNPA1L3](/details-gene/642659) is a master regulator of alternative splicing events required for T-cell maturation, such as the transition from the double-positive to single-positive stage. Its depletion would lead to a specific block in T-cell development. 2. The high significance of [HNRNPA1L3](/details-gene/642659) in [hematopoietic stem cells](/details-cell/CL0000037) and other progenitors suggests that it controls the balance between self-renewal and differentiation by regulating the stability of critical mRNAs that encode lineage-specifying transcription factors. **Suggested Experimental Approach:** To test the first hypothesis, a conditional knockout mouse model using a T-cell-specific Cre recombinase (e.g., Lck-Cre) would be invaluable. Deletion of [HNRNPA1L3](/details-gene/642659) specifically in the T-cell lineage would allow for a detailed examination of its role in thymopoiesis. Thymic and peripheral lymphoid organs from these mice could be analyzed by flow cytometry to identify specific developmental blocks. Concurrently, RNA-sequencing of sorted thymocyte populations (e.g., double-negative, double-positive) from knockout and wild-type animals would enable the identification of specific alternative splicing events and downstream gene expression changes controlled by [HNRNPA1L3](/details-gene/642659). **Therapeutic Potential:** As an intracellular RNA-binding protein, [HNRNPA1L3](/details-gene/642659) is not a conventional target for antibody-based therapies. However, its fundamental role in RNA processing makes it a potential target for small molecule inhibitors. Dysregulation of splicing factors is a known driver in several hematological malignancies, including myelodysplastic syndromes and leukemias. If [HNRNPA1L3](/details-gene/642659) is found to be overexpressed or mutated in such cancers, developing inhibitors that disrupt its RNA-binding or protein-protein interactions could represent a viable therapeutic strategy to halt cancer cell proliferation or induce apoptosis. Therefore, its therapeutic potential is highest in the context of cancers that exhibit dependency on specific splicing programs.