Details for: ABCG2

Gene ID: 9429

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: ABCG2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000118777

Description: ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (JR blood group)

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 16.07
    rCSI 27.79%
    PRS 92
  • Hofbauer cell CL3000001
    CSI 6.76
    rCSI 12.75%
    PRS 97.68
  • enterocyte CL0000584
    CSI 5.85
    rCSI 9.43%
    PRS 92.45
  • smooth muscle cell CL0000192
    CSI 4.85
    rCSI 11.57%
    PRS 91.18
  • epithelial cell CL0000066
    CSI 4.79
    rCSI 7.37%
    PRS 85.31
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 4.62
    rCSI 4.27%
    PRS 96.01
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 4.5
    rCSI 4.71%
    PRS 93.23
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 4.36
    rCSI 6.73%
    PRS 93.63
  • macrophage CL0000235
    CSI 4.3
    rCSI 7.83%
    PRS 95.08
  • blood vessel endothelial cell CL0000071
    CSI 4.12
    rCSI 8.55%
    PRS 93.97
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 3.93
    rCSI 3.26%
    PRS 95.71
  • Schwann cell CL0002573
    CSI 3.77
    rCSI 10.72%
    PRS 92.3
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 3.74
    rCSI 3.29%
    PRS 97.04
  • colonocyte CL1000347
    CSI 3.59
    rCSI 5.15%
    PRS 93.46
  • erythrocyte CL0000232
    CSI 3.57
    rCSI 8.1%
    PRS 93.23
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI 3.54
    rCSI 6.21%
    PRS 93.21
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 3.38
    rCSI 5.39%
    PRS 96.3
  • goblet cell CL0000160
    CSI 3.02
    rCSI 2.85%
    PRS 93.31
  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 2.92
    rCSI 3.62%
    PRS 93.6
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 93.29
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 2.41
    rCSI 3.97%
    PRS 96.04
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 2.41
    rCSI 3.45%
    PRS 89.27
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 2.07
    rCSI 2.58%
    PRS 94.44
  • endothelial cell of vascular tree CL0002139
    CSI 2.02
    rCSI 11.06%
    PRS 91.91
  • type L enteroendocrine cell CL0002279
    CSI 1.58
    rCSI 2.97%
    PRS 95.27
  • syncytiotrophoblast cell CL0000525
    CSI 1.35
    rCSI 3.89%
    PRS 94.85
  • endothelial cell of uterus CL0009095
    CSI 1.02
    rCSI 7.44%
    PRS 97.85
  • vein endothelial cell of respiratory system CL4033008
    CSI 0.97
    rCSI 6.67%
    PRS 96.92
  • paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine CL1000343
    CSI 0.93
    rCSI 2.62%
    PRS 96.35
  • type EC enteroendocrine cell CL0000577
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.49%
    PRS 95.21
  • prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell CL2000059
    CSI 0.47
    rCSI 11.31%
    PRS 96.62

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.
Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [ABCG2](/details-gene/9429) (ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 4q22.1 that encodes a crucial ATP-dependent efflux transporter. Also known as Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP), it plays a pivotal role in cellular detoxification by exporting a wide range of substrates, including xenobiotics, metabolic waste products, and therapeutic drugs. This function underpins its well-documented involvement in multidrug resistance in cancer [Link](https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.26.15665). **Overall**, expression data reveals that [ABCG2](/details-gene/9429) is a defining marker for cells that form physiological barriers, showing the highest significance in [cerebral cortex endothelial cell](/details-cell/CL1001602), as well as high significance in placental cells like the [Hofbauer cell](/details-cell/CL3000001) and [placental villous trophoblast](/details-cell/CL2000060), and intestinal cells such as the [enterocyte](/details-cell/CL0000584). This expression pattern highlights its role in protecting sensitive tissues and regulating molecular transport at key biological interfaces. Clinically, variants in [ABCG2](/details-gene/9429) are associated with gout ([138900](https://omim.org/entry/138900)). ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [ABCG2](/details-gene/9429) underscores its function as a gatekeeper in various tissues. **Overall**, its most significant expression is observed in the [cerebral cortex endothelial cell](/details-cell/CL1001602) (CSI: 16.07), consistent with its critical role in forming the blood-brain barrier and regulating the passage of substances into the central nervous system [Link](https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.02-1131fje). The gene is also highly significant in tissues involved in nutrient absorption, waste excretion, and feto-maternal exchange. This is evidenced by its high CSI scores in [enterocyte](/details-cell/CL0000584)s, [colon epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0011108)s, and placental cell types including the [Hofbauer cell](/details-cell/CL3000001) and [placental villous trophoblast](/details-cell/CL2000060). This aligns with early findings identifying it as a placenta-specific transporter involved in multidrug resistance [Link](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9850061/). Furthermore, [ABCG2](/details-gene/9429) is a well-established marker for certain stem and progenitor cell populations. Its expression in [pro-B cell](/details-cell/CL0000826)s and [early lymphoid progenitor](/details-cell/CL0000936)s is consistent with its role as a molecular determinant of the "side population" phenotype, a characteristic of many stem cells defined by their ability to efflux fluorescent dyes like Hoechst 33342 [Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0901-1028). This suggests a function in protecting these primitive cells from toxins. Expression in diverse cell types such as [smooth muscle cell](/details-cell/CL0000192) and [macrophage](/details-cell/CL0000235) may indicate a broader role in tissue homeostasis and detoxification. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The functional annotations for [ABCG2](/details-gene/9429) confirm its role as a versatile, ATP-driven efflux pump. Gene Ontology terms highlight its molecular function as an [efflux transmembrane transporter activity](/details-go/GO:0015562) and [xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity](/details-go/GO:0042910), utilizing [ATP binding](/details-go/GO:0005524) and [ATP hydrolysis activity](/details-go/GO:0016887) to drive transport. Biologically, [ABCG2](/details-gene/9429) participates in a wide array of processes centered on transport and detoxification. It is integral to [cellular detoxification](/details-go/GO:1990748), [urate transport](/details-go/GO:0015747), and the transport of various small molecules including biotin ([GO:0015878](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0015878)), riboflavin ([GO:0032218](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0032218)), and lipids ([GO:0006869](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006869)). Its involvement in the [sphingolipid biosynthetic process](/details-go/GO:0030148) and the Reactome pathway [Sphingolipid de novo biosynthesis](/details-pathway/R-HSA-1660661) suggests a role in lipid metabolism beyond simple transport. The gene's clinical relevance is further explained by its prominent role in pharmacokinetics, as shown by its involvement in the [Drug adme](/details-pathway/R-HSA-9748784) pathway. It directly mediates the transport of numerous drugs, including the antiretroviral abacavir ([R-HSA-2161517](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-2161517)) and topoisomerase I inhibitors used in cancer therapy [Link](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11306452/). Its localization to the [apical plasma membrane](/details-go/GO:0016324) of polarized cells, such as those in the intestine and brain endothelium, positions it perfectly to perform these efflux functions at biological barriers. ## Research Directions The function of [ABCG2](/details-gene/9429) as a multi-specific transporter presents both a challenge in clinical pharmacology and an opportunity for therapeutic intervention. Its high expression at key physiological barriers and in cancer cells motivates further investigation into its regulation and substrate specificity. Based on the available data, several testable hypotheses can be proposed: 1. Selective inhibition of [ABCG2](/details-gene/9429) at the blood-brain barrier can significantly enhance the efficacy of brain-impermeable chemotherapeutic agents against central nervous system malignancies. This is based on its exceptionally high significance in [cerebral cortex endothelial cell](/details-cell/CL1001602) and its known role in [xenobiotic transport across blood-brain barrier](/details-go/GO:1990962). 2. The expression of [ABCG2](/details-gene/9429) in intestinal [enterocyte](/details-cell/CL0000584)s is a major determinant of oral bioavailability for a subset of therapeutic drugs. Genetic polymorphisms affecting transporter function could be used to predict patient-specific drug absorption profiles. 3. In stem and progenitor cells, the primary role of [ABCG2](/details-gene/9429) is to protect the genome from endogenous and exogenous mutagens, thereby preserving long-term hematopoietic or tissue-specific regenerative potential. A key experiment to test the first hypothesis would involve using an orthotopic glioblastoma mouse model. Tumorbearing mice would be treated with a CNS-impermeable cytotoxic drug (e.g., doxorubicin) alone or in combination with a potent and specific [ABCG2](/details-gene/9429) inhibitor [Link](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12477054/). The primary endpoints would be tumor volume, assessed by bioluminescence imaging, and median survival. A secondary analysis would measure intratumoral drug concentration via mass spectrometry to directly confirm that [ABCG2](/details-gene/9429) inhibition increases drug delivery to the brain. As a therapeutic target, [ABCG2](/details-gene/9429) is primarily a candidate for **inhibition**. Its overexpression is a common mechanism of acquired resistance to chemotherapy in various cancers. Co-administration of [ABCG2](/details-gene/9429) inhibitors with standard chemotherapeutics represents a promising strategy to re-sensitize resistant tumors. However, a major challenge is potential toxicity arising from systemic inhibition, which could disrupt the protective functions of [ABCG2](/details-gene/9429) in healthy tissues like the brain, gut, and placenta. Therefore, developing tumor-targeted delivery systems for inhibitors or next-generation inhibitors with improved safety profiles is a critical area of research.

Genular Protein ID: 1047318518

Symbol: ABCG2_HUMAN

Name: ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q9UNQ0 A0A1W3 A8K1T5 O95374 Q4W5I3 Q53ZQ1 Q569L4 Q5YLG4 Q86V64 Q8IX16 Q96LD6 Q96TA8 Q9BY73 Q9NUS0

Database IDs:

ABCD 1 AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 2 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 82 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 250 DrugCentral 1 EC 1 EMBL 19 EMDB 25 Ensembl 3 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 32 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 6 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 25 PDBsum 25 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 3 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 RNAct 1 Reactome 9 RefSeq 4 Rhea 26 SABIO-RK 1 SIGNOR 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TCDB 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9850061

Title: A human placenta-specific ATP-binding cassette gene (ABCP) on chromosome 4q22 that is involved in multidrug resistance.

PubMed ID: 9850061

PubMed ID: 9861027

Title: A multidrug resistance transporter from human MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

PubMed ID: 9861027

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.26.15665

PubMed ID: 11306452

Title: Identification of breast cancer resistant protein/mitoxantrone resistance/placenta-specific, ATP-binding cassette transporter as a transporter of NB-506 and J-107088, topoisomerase I inhibitors with an indolocarbazole structure.

PubMed ID: 11306452

PubMed ID: 11533706

Title: The ABC transporter Bcrp1/ABCG2 is expressed in a wide variety of stem cells and is a molecular determinant of the side-population phenotype.

PubMed ID: 11533706

DOI: 10.1038/nm0901-1028

PubMed ID: 12958161

Title: The expression and functional characterization of ABCG2 in brain endothelial cells and vessels.

PubMed ID: 12958161

DOI: 10.1096/fj.02-1131fje

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15815621

Title: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4.

PubMed ID: 15815621

DOI: 10.1038/nature03466

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 9892175

Title: Molecular cloning of cDNAs which are highly overexpressed in mitoxantrone-resistant cells: demonstration of homology to ABC transport genes.

PubMed ID: 9892175

PubMed ID: 12477054

Title: Potent and specific inhibition of the breast cancer resistance protein multidrug transporter in vitro and in mouse intestine by a novel analogue of fumitremorgin C.

PubMed ID: 12477054

PubMed ID: 12682043

Title: ABCG2 transports sulfated conjugates of steroids and xenobiotics.

PubMed ID: 12682043

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m212399200

PubMed ID: 15001581

Title: Characterization of oligomeric human half-ABC transporter ATP-binding cassette G2.

PubMed ID: 15001581

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m310785200

PubMed ID: 15807535

Title: N-linked glycosylation of the human ABC transporter ABCG2 on asparagine 596 is not essential for expression, transport activity, or trafficking to the plasma membrane.

PubMed ID: 15807535

DOI: 10.1021/bi0479858

PubMed ID: 15670731

Title: Single amino acid (482) variants of the ABCG2 multidrug transporter: major differences in transport capacity and substrate recognition.

PubMed ID: 15670731

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2004.11.005

PubMed ID: 15769853

Title: Effect of Walker A mutation (K86M) on oligomerization and surface targeting of the multidrug resistance transporter ABCG2.

PubMed ID: 15769853

DOI: 10.1242/jcs.01729

PubMed ID: 17686774

Title: Intramolecular disulfide bond is a critical check point determining degradative fates of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCG2 protein.

PubMed ID: 17686774

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c700133200

PubMed ID: 18056989

Title: The 44-kDa Pim-1 kinase phosphorylates BCRP/ABCG2 and thereby promotes its multimerization and drug-resistant activity in human prostate cancer cells.

PubMed ID: 18056989

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m707773200

PubMed ID: 18834626

Title: Association of three genetic loci with uric acid concentration and risk of gout: a genome-wide association study.

PubMed ID: 18834626

DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61343-4

PubMed ID: 19506252

Title: Identification of a urate transporter, ABCG2, with a common functional polymorphism causing gout.

PubMed ID: 19506252

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0901249106

PubMed ID: 20368174

Title: Common defects of ABCG2, a high-capacity urate exporter, cause gout: a function-based genetic analysis in a Japanese population.

PubMed ID: 20368174

DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3000237

PubMed ID: 20110355

Title: Estradiol induces export of sphingosine 1-phosphate from breast cancer cells via ABCC1 and ABCG2.

PubMed ID: 20110355

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.064162

PubMed ID: 20332504

Title: Glutathione transport is a unique function of the ATP-binding cassette protein ABCG2.

PubMed ID: 20332504

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.090506

PubMed ID: 20705604

Title: ABCG2 transports and transfers heme to albumin through its large extracellular loop.

PubMed ID: 20705604

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.139170

PubMed ID: 22132962

Title: ABCG2 is a high-capacity urate transporter and its genetic impairment increases serum uric acid levels in humans.

PubMed ID: 22132962

DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2011.633953

PubMed ID: 22246507

Title: ABCG2 null alleles define the Jr(a-) blood group phenotype.

PubMed ID: 22246507

DOI: 10.1038/ng.1075

PubMed ID: 22246505

Title: Null alleles of ABCG2 encoding the breast cancer resistance protein define the new blood group system Junior.

PubMed ID: 22246505

DOI: 10.1038/ng.1070

PubMed ID: 23189181

Title: Mitochondrial localization of ABC transporter ABCG2 and its function in 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated protoporphyrin IX accumulation.

PubMed ID: 23189181

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050082

PubMed ID: 24312054

Title: ABCG2 is not able to catalyze glutathione efflux and does not contribute to GSH-dependent collateral sensitivity.

PubMed ID: 24312054

DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2013.00138

PubMed ID: 28623970

Title: Localization of the placental BCRP/ABCG2 transporter to lipid rafts: Role for cholesterol in mediating efflux activity.

PubMed ID: 28623970

DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.04.006

PubMed ID: 31254042

Title: Cellular expression and function of naturally occurring variants of the human ABCG2 multidrug transporter.

PubMed ID: 31254042

DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03186-2

PubMed ID: 36749388

Title: Vitamin C transporter SVCT1 serves a physiological role as a urate importer: functional analyses and in vivo investigations.

PubMed ID: 36749388

DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02792-1

PubMed ID: 28554189

Title: Structure of the human multidrug transporter ABCG2.

PubMed ID: 28554189

DOI: 10.1038/nature22345

PubMed ID: 29610494

Title: Structural basis of small-molecule inhibition of human multidrug transporter ABCG2.

PubMed ID: 29610494

DOI: 10.1038/s41594-018-0049-1

PubMed ID: 30405239

Title: Cryo-EM structures of a human ABCG2 mutant trapped in ATP-bound and substrate-bound states.

PubMed ID: 30405239

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0680-3

PubMed ID: 12111378

Title: Catalog of 605 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among 13 genes encoding human ATP-binding cassette transporters: ABCA4, ABCA7, ABCA8, ABCD1, ABCD3, ABCD4, ABCE1, ABCF1, ABCG1, ABCG2, ABCG4, ABCG5, and ABCG8.

PubMed ID: 12111378

DOI: 10.1007/s100380200041

PubMed ID: 15618737

Title: Eight novel single nucleotide polymorphisms in ABCG2/BCRP in Japanese cancer patients administered irinotacan.

PubMed ID: 15618737

DOI: 10.2133/dmpk.18.212

PubMed ID: 12544509

Title: Natural allelic variants of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) and their relationship to BCRP expression in human intestine.

PubMed ID: 12544509

DOI: 10.1097/00008571-200301000-00004

PubMed ID: 15838659

Title: Single nucleotide polymorphisms modify the transporter activity of ABCG2.

PubMed ID: 15838659

DOI: 10.1007/s00280-004-0931-x

PubMed ID: 16702730

Title: Genetic variation and haplotype structure of the ABC transporter gene ABCG2 in a Japanese population.

PubMed ID: 16702730

DOI: 10.2133/dmpk.21.109

PubMed ID: 31003562

Title: Functional Characterization of Clinically-Relevant Rare Variants in ABCG2 Identified in a Gout and Hyperuricemia Cohort.

PubMed ID: 31003562

DOI: 10.3390/cells8040363

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 655
  • Mass: 72314
  • Checksum: A8AF66B96034C5A8
  • Sequence:
    • MSSSNVEVFI PVSQGNTNGF PATASNDLKA FTEGAVLSFH NICYRVKLKS GFLPCRKPVE 
KEILSNINGI MKPGLNAILG PTGGGKSSLL DVLAARKDPS GLSGDVLING APRPANFKCN 
SGYVVQDDVV MGTLTVRENL QFSAALRLAT TMTNHEKNER INRVIQELGL DKVADSKVGT 
QFIRGVSGGE RKRTSIGMEL ITDPSILFLD EPTTGLDSST ANAVLLLLKR MSKQGRTIIF 
SIHQPRYSIF KLFDSLTLLA SGRLMFHGPA QEALGYFESA GYHCEAYNNP ADFFLDIING 
DSTAVALNRE EDFKATEIIE PSKQDKPLIE KLAEIYVNSS FYKETKAELH QLSGGEKKKK 
ITVFKEISYT TSFCHQLRWV SKRSFKNLLG NPQASIAQII VTVVLGLVIG AIYFGLKNDS 
TGIQNRAGVL FFLTTNQCFS SVSAVELFVV EKKLFIHEYI SGYYRVSSYF LGKLLSDLLP 
MRMLPSIIFT CIVYFMLGLK PKADAFFVMM FTLMMVAYSA SSMALAIAAG QSVVSVATLL 
MTICFVFMMI FSGLLVNLTT IASWLSWLQY FSIPRYGFTA LQHNEFLGQN FCPGLNATGN 
NPCNYATCTG EEYLVKQGID LSPWGLWKNH VALACMIVIF LTIAYLKLLF LKKYS