Details for: TAS2R16

Gene ID: 50833

Symbol: TAS2R16

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000128519

Description: taste 2 receptor member 16

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: radial glial cell (CL0000681)
    Fold Change: 0.1741
    Cell Significance Index: 1.0300
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: 0.1137
    Cell Significance Index: 2.9000
  • Cell Name: inhibitory interneuron (CL0000498)
    Fold Change: 0.0619
    Cell Significance Index: 0.7400
  • Cell Name: astrocyte (CL0000127)
    Fold Change: 0.0605
    Cell Significance Index: 0.6900
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: 0.0387
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5500
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000625)
    Fold Change: 0.0216
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2100
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic stem cell (CL0000037)
    Fold Change: 0.0208
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3500
  • Cell Name: mast cell (CL0000097)
    Fold Change: 0.0134
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1800
  • Cell Name: glutamatergic neuron (CL0000679)
    Fold Change: 0.0102
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1100
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell (CL0000064)
    Fold Change: 0.0093
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1000
  • Cell Name: ionocyte (CL0005006)
    Fold Change: 0.0070
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0700
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron (CL4023064)
    Fold Change: 0.0011
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0200
  • Cell Name: basal cell (CL0000646)
    Fold Change: 0.0011
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0100
  • Cell Name: neural progenitor cell (CL0011020)
    Fold Change: -0.0032
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0300
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0065
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3000
  • Cell Name: secretory cell (CL0000151)
    Fold Change: -0.0153
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1100
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: -0.0184
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2300
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte precursor cell (CL0002453)
    Fold Change: -0.0201
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2600
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
    Fold Change: -0.0212
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3400
  • Cell Name: myelocyte (CL0002193)
    Fold Change: -0.0267
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2800
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.0364
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2800
  • Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
    Fold Change: -0.0517
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6700
  • Cell Name: naive B cell (CL0000788)
    Fold Change: -0.0526
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5500
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
    Fold Change: -0.0548
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7500
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte (CL0000128)
    Fold Change: -0.0599
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6400
  • Cell Name: L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030059)
    Fold Change: -0.0635
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8500
  • Cell Name: fibroblast (CL0000057)
    Fold Change: -0.0675
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6300
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: -0.0697
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6600
  • Cell Name: microglial cell (CL0000129)
    Fold Change: -0.0731
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8600
  • Cell Name: pre-natural killer cell (CL0000937)
    Fold Change: -0.0814
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2400
  • Cell Name: non-classical monocyte (CL0000875)
    Fold Change: -0.0817
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9000
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: -0.0844
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2300
  • Cell Name: plasmacytoid dendritic cell (CL0000784)
    Fold Change: -0.0927
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2200
  • Cell Name: naive thymus-derived CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000900)
    Fold Change: -0.0950
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9600
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell (CL0011026)
    Fold Change: -0.0971
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0300
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
    Fold Change: -0.1001
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2300
  • Cell Name: central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000904)
    Fold Change: -0.1034
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9000
  • Cell Name: mononuclear phagocyte (CL0000113)
    Fold Change: -0.1101
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9300
  • Cell Name: T cell (CL0000084)
    Fold Change: -0.1156
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3600
  • Cell Name: vascular associated smooth muscle cell (CL0000359)
    Fold Change: -0.1242
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract (CL0002632)
    Fold Change: -0.1347
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5000
  • Cell Name: ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002145)
    Fold Change: -0.1556
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4300
  • Cell Name: classical monocyte (CL0000860)
    Fold Change: -0.1574
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4700
  • Cell Name: malignant cell (CL0001064)
    Fold Change: -0.1645
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8800
  • Cell Name: elicited macrophage (CL0000861)
    Fold Change: -0.1651
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4400
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000624)
    Fold Change: -0.1697
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5900

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** TAS2R16 is a GPCR that exhibits bitter taste receptor activity, enabling the detection of chemical stimuli involved in the perception of bitter taste. Its expression is widespread across various cell types, including those in the nervous system, immune system, and hematopoietic system. The TAS2R16 protein is characterized by its ability to bind to bitter compounds, such as quinine and denatonium benzoate, which triggers a signaling cascade that ultimately leads to the perception of bitter taste. **Pathways and Functions:** The TAS2R16 protein is embedded in the plasma membrane, where it interacts with its ligands, such as bitter compounds, to initiate GPCR signaling. This signaling cascade involves the activation of Gα(i) proteins, which in turn activate downstream effectors, including adenylyl cyclase and phospholipase C. The activation of these effectors leads to the production of secondary messengers, such as cAMP and diacylglycerol, which ultimately regulate various cellular processes, including ion channel activity, gene expression, and cell proliferation. The TAS2R16 protein's functional pathways are complex and multifaceted, involving the detection of chemical stimuli, regulation of ion channel activity, and modulation of gene expression. Its expression in various cell types suggests that TAS2R16 plays a crucial role in the development and maintenance of the nervous system, immune system, and hematopoietic system. **Clinical Significance:** The TAS2R16 gene has significant clinical implications for the diagnosis and treatment of taste disorders. Mutations in the TAS2R16 gene have been associated with congenital insensitivity to pain, anhidrosis, and impaired taste (CIPA), a rare genetic disorder characterized by impaired pain perception, anhidrosis, and altered taste perception. Additionally, TAS2R16 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including cancer, where its expression is often altered, leading to the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting the TAS2R16 protein. In conclusion, the TAS2R16 gene plays a critical role in the detection of bitter taste and its regulation. Its complex functional pathways and widespread expression across various cell types make it an attractive target for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for taste disorders and other diseases. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the molecular mechanisms of TAS2R16 and its clinical significance, which will pave the way for the development of innovative treatments for taste-related disorders and other diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 3755848970

Symbol: T2R16_HUMAN

Name: Taste receptor type 2 member 16

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q9NYV7 A4D0X2 Q502V3 Q549U8 Q645W1

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEMBL 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 1 DrugCentral 1 EMBL 5 Ensembl 1 GO 9 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 InterPro 1 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 2 MalaCards 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRO 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 3 RefSeq 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 10761934

Title: A novel family of mammalian taste receptors.

PubMed ID: 10761934

DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80705-9

PubMed ID: 15496549

Title: Evolution of bitter taste receptors in humans and apes.

PubMed ID: 15496549

DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msi027

PubMed ID: 12853948

Title: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7.

PubMed ID: 12853948

DOI: 10.1038/nature01782

PubMed ID: 12690205

Title: Human chromosome 7: DNA sequence and biology.

PubMed ID: 12690205

DOI: 10.1126/science.1083423

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 10761935

Title: T2Rs function as bitter taste receptors.

PubMed ID: 10761935

DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80706-0

PubMed ID: 12379855

Title: The human TAS2R16 receptor mediates bitter taste in response to beta-glucopyranosides.

PubMed ID: 12379855

DOI: 10.1038/ng1014

PubMed ID: 15759003

Title: The receptors and coding logic for bitter taste.

PubMed ID: 15759003

DOI: 10.1038/nature03352

PubMed ID: 12139982

Title: Receptors for bitter and sweet taste.

PubMed ID: 12139982

DOI: 10.1016/s0959-4388(02)00345-8

PubMed ID: 11696554

Title: Molecular mechanisms of bitter and sweet taste transduction.

PubMed ID: 11696554

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.r100054200

PubMed ID: 12581520

Title: Coding of sweet, bitter, and umami tastes: different receptor cells sharing similar signaling pathways.

PubMed ID: 12581520

DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(03)00071-0

PubMed ID: 16051168

Title: Positive selection on a high-sensitivity allele of the human bitter-taste receptor TAS2R16.

PubMed ID: 16051168

DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2005.06.042

PubMed ID: 16720576

Title: Members of RTP and REEP gene families influence functional bitter taste receptor expression.

PubMed ID: 16720576

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m513637200

PubMed ID: 16385453

Title: Functional variant in a bitter-taste receptor (hTAS2R16) influences risk of alcohol dependence.

PubMed ID: 16385453

DOI: 10.1086/499253

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 291
  • Mass: 33986
  • Checksum: 0693085F23D57D73
  • Sequence:
    • MIPIQLTVFF MIIYVLESLT IIVQSSLIVA VLGREWLQVR RLMPVDMILI SLGISRFCLQ 
WASMLNNFCS YFNLNYVLCN LTITWEFFNI LTFWLNSLLT VFYCIKVSSF THHIFLWLRW 
RILRLFPWIL LGSLMITCVT IIPSAIGNYI QIQLLTMEHL PRNSTVTDKL ENFHQYQFQA 
HTVALVIPFI LFLASTIFLM ASLTKQIQHH STGHCNPSMK ARFTALRSLA VLFIVFTSYF 
LTILITIIGT LFDKRCWLWV WEAFVYAFIL MHSTSLMLSS PTLKRILKGK C

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.