Details for: CL0000498

Cell ID: CL0000498

Cell Name: inhibitory interneuron

Marker Score Threshold: 4,626
(Derived using integrated single-cell and genomic data)

Description: An interneuron (also called relay neuron, association neuron or local circuit neuron) is a multipolar neuron which connects afferent neurons and efferent neurons in neural pathways. Like motor neurons, interneuron cell bodies are always located in the central nervous system (CNS).

Genes (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Gene Symbol: ADGRB3 (ENSG00000135298)
    Fold Change: 4.88
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000135298
  • Gene Symbol: ANK2 (ENSG00000145362)
    Fold Change: 4.51
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000145362
  • Gene Symbol: ANK3 (ENSG00000151150)
    Fold Change: 4.45
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000151150
  • Gene Symbol: DST (ENSG00000151914)
    Fold Change: 4.01
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000151914
  • Gene Symbol: APP (ENSG00000142192)
    Fold Change: 3.91
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000142192
  • Gene Symbol: CACNA1B (ENSG00000148408)
    Fold Change: 3.88
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000148408
  • Gene Symbol: CACNA1A (ENSG00000141837)
    Fold Change: 3.87
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000141837
  • Gene Symbol: CALM1 (ENSG00000198668)
    Fold Change: 3.86
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198668
  • Gene Symbol: ATP1B1 (ENSG00000143153)
    Fold Change: 3.83
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143153
  • Gene Symbol: CACNA1C (ENSG00000151067)
    Fold Change: 3.64
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000151067
  • Gene Symbol: RERE (ENSG00000142599)
    Fold Change: 3.64
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000142599
  • Gene Symbol: ATRX (ENSG00000085224)
    Fold Change: 3.15
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000085224
  • Gene Symbol: CACNA1D (ENSG00000157388)
    Fold Change: 3.12
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000157388
  • Gene Symbol: ASIC2 (ENSG00000108684)
    Fold Change: 3.11
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000108684
  • Gene Symbol: BICD1 (ENSG00000151746)
    Fold Change: 3.11
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000151746
  • Gene Symbol: GRK3 (ENSG00000100077)
    Fold Change: 3.06
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000100077
  • Gene Symbol: ACTB (ENSG00000075624)
    Fold Change: 2.96
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000075624
  • Gene Symbol: ATP2B1 (ENSG00000070961)
    Fold Change: 2.96
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000070961
  • Gene Symbol: ADK (ENSG00000156110)
    Fold Change: 2.91
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000156110
  • Gene Symbol: ASTN1 (ENSG00000152092)
    Fold Change: 2.91
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000152092
  • Gene Symbol: BRAF (ENSG00000157764)
    Fold Change: 2.84
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000157764
  • Gene Symbol: BMPR2 (ENSG00000204217)
    Fold Change: 2.79
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000204217
  • Gene Symbol: KIF1A (ENSG00000130294)
    Fold Change: 2.77
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000130294
  • Gene Symbol: LDLRAD4 (ENSG00000168675)
    Fold Change: 2.59
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000168675
  • Gene Symbol: ATP6V0A1 (ENSG00000033627)
    Fold Change: 2.58
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000033627
  • Gene Symbol: ACACA (ENSG00000278540)
    Fold Change: 2.55
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000278540
  • Gene Symbol: APLP2 (ENSG00000084234)
    Fold Change: 2.5
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000084234
  • Gene Symbol: ADCY1 (ENSG00000164742)
    Fold Change: 2.46
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000164742
  • Gene Symbol: APBA1 (ENSG00000107282)
    Fold Change: 2.45
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000107282
  • Gene Symbol: ARHGAP5 (ENSG00000100852)
    Fold Change: 2.45
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000100852
  • Gene Symbol: AMPH (ENSG00000078053)
    Fold Change: 2.39
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000078053
  • Gene Symbol: ABR (ENSG00000159842)
    Fold Change: 2.38
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000159842
  • Gene Symbol: ADARB2 (ENSG00000185736)
    Fold Change: 2.34
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000185736
  • Gene Symbol: ALK (ENSG00000171094)
    Fold Change: 2.34
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000171094
  • Gene Symbol: TLE5 (ENSG00000104964)
    Fold Change: 2.32
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000104964
  • Gene Symbol: ATP2A2 (ENSG00000174437)
    Fold Change: 2.3
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000174437
  • Gene Symbol: ACYP2 (ENSG00000170634)
    Fold Change: 2.29
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000170634
  • Gene Symbol: APC (ENSG00000134982)
    Fold Change: 2.28
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000134982
  • Gene Symbol: CACNB4 (ENSG00000182389)
    Fold Change: 2.26
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000182389
  • Gene Symbol: APBA2 (ENSG00000034053)
    Fold Change: 2.25
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000034053
  • Gene Symbol: ATP2B2 (ENSG00000157087)
    Fold Change: 2.24
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000157087
  • Gene Symbol: ABAT (ENSG00000183044)
    Fold Change: 2.14
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000183044
  • Gene Symbol: APBB2 (ENSG00000163697)
    Fold Change: 2.14
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000163697
  • Gene Symbol: ADD1 (ENSG00000087274)
    Fold Change: 2.08
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000087274
  • Gene Symbol: ALCAM (ENSG00000170017)
    Fold Change: 1.95
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000170017
  • Gene Symbol: ATP6V1A (ENSG00000114573)
    Fold Change: 1.93
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000114573
  • Gene Symbol: AUH (ENSG00000148090)
    Fold Change: 1.83
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000148090
  • Gene Symbol: ACTG1 (ENSG00000184009)
    Fold Change: 1.82
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000184009
  • Gene Symbol: ADD2 (ENSG00000075340)
    Fold Change: 1.8
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000075340
  • Gene Symbol: APBB1 (ENSG00000166313)
    Fold Change: 1.8
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000166313
  • Gene Symbol: ABCA3 (ENSG00000167972)
    Fold Change: 1.78
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000167972
  • Gene Symbol: CACNA2D1 (ENSG00000153956)
    Fold Change: 1.69
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000153956
  • Gene Symbol: BSG (ENSG00000172270)
    Fold Change: 1.68
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000172270
  • Gene Symbol: APLP1 (ENSG00000105290)
    Fold Change: 1.67
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000105290
  • Gene Symbol: BNIP3L (ENSG00000104765)
    Fold Change: 1.65
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000104765
  • Gene Symbol: CACNA1E (ENSG00000198216)
    Fold Change: 1.62
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198216
  • Gene Symbol: BCAT1 (ENSG00000060982)
    Fold Change: 1.62
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000060982
  • Gene Symbol: ADCY9 (ENSG00000162104)
    Fold Change: 1.57
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000162104
  • Gene Symbol: ASPH (ENSG00000198363)
    Fold Change: 1.54
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198363
  • Gene Symbol: AP2B1 (ENSG00000006125)
    Fold Change: 1.49
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000006125
  • Gene Symbol: ATR (ENSG00000175054)
    Fold Change: 1.49
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000175054
  • Gene Symbol: BMPR1A (ENSG00000107779)
    Fold Change: 1.47
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000107779
  • Gene Symbol: BACH1 (ENSG00000156273)
    Fold Change: 1.47
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000156273
  • Gene Symbol: ATM (ENSG00000149311)
    Fold Change: 1.43
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000149311
  • Gene Symbol: ABL2 (ENSG00000143322)
    Fold Change: 1.38
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143322
  • Gene Symbol: ADAM10 (ENSG00000137845)
    Fold Change: 1.38
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000137845
  • Gene Symbol: ADAR (ENSG00000160710)
    Fold Change: 1.35
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000160710
  • Gene Symbol: XIAP (ENSG00000101966)
    Fold Change: 1.33
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000101966
  • Gene Symbol: ADCY5 (ENSG00000173175)
    Fold Change: 1.33
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000173175
  • Gene Symbol: ATP6V0B (ENSG00000117410)
    Fold Change: 1.33
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000117410
  • Gene Symbol: CALM3 (ENSG00000160014)
    Fold Change: 1.32
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000160014
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1B (ENSG00000110955)
    Fold Change: 1.32
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000110955
  • Gene Symbol: BCKDHB (ENSG00000083123)
    Fold Change: 1.31
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000083123
  • Gene Symbol: ABL1 (ENSG00000097007)
    Fold Change: 1.31
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000097007
  • Gene Symbol: AP2A2 (ENSG00000183020)
    Fold Change: 1.31
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000183020
  • Gene Symbol: ATP1B2 (ENSG00000129244)
    Fold Change: 1.3
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000129244
  • Gene Symbol: ATP1B3 (ENSG00000069849)
    Fold Change: 1.26
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000069849
  • Gene Symbol: ADARB1 (ENSG00000197381)
    Fold Change: 1.25
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000197381
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5MC2 (ENSG00000135390)
    Fold Change: 1.25
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000135390
  • Gene Symbol: ADGRB1 (ENSG00000181790)
    Fold Change: 1.24
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000181790
  • Gene Symbol: ANK1 (ENSG00000029534)
    Fold Change: 1.19
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000029534
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1A (ENSG00000152234)
    Fold Change: 1.19
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000152234
  • Gene Symbol: BCL2 (ENSG00000171791)
    Fold Change: 1.17
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000171791
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1D (ENSG00000099624)
    Fold Change: 1.16
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000099624
  • Gene Symbol: AARS1 (ENSG00000090861)
    Fold Change: 1.15
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000090861
  • Gene Symbol: ACVR2A (ENSG00000121989)
    Fold Change: 1.15
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000121989
  • Gene Symbol: ADRA1A (ENSG00000120907)
    Fold Change: 1.13
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000120907
  • Gene Symbol: ATP1A1 (ENSG00000163399)
    Fold Change: 1.13
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000163399
  • Gene Symbol: AP1G1 (ENSG00000166747)
    Fold Change: 1.13
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000166747
  • Gene Symbol: ACVR1B (ENSG00000135503)
    Fold Change: 1.12
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000135503
  • Gene Symbol: AGL (ENSG00000162688)
    Fold Change: 1.12
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000162688
  • Gene Symbol: CALD1 (ENSG00000122786)
    Fold Change: 1.12
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000122786
  • Gene Symbol: ARF1 (ENSG00000143761)
    Fold Change: 1.08
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143761
  • Gene Symbol: ACO2 (ENSG00000100412)
    Fold Change: 1.08
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000100412
  • Gene Symbol: ADD3 (ENSG00000148700)
    Fold Change: 1.08
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000148700
  • Gene Symbol: ADCY8 (ENSG00000155897)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000155897
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5PF (ENSG00000154723)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000154723
  • Gene Symbol: ATP2B3 (ENSG00000067842)
    Fold Change: 1.01
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000067842
  • Gene Symbol: BCR (ENSG00000186716)
    Fold Change: 1.01
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000186716
  • Gene Symbol: ARRB1 (ENSG00000137486)
    Fold Change: 1.01
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000137486

Gene ID: A unique numerical identifier for this specific gene.
Symbol: Shortened abbreviation or name that represents this gene.
Ensembl Gene ID: A unique identifier assigned by Ensembl for genomic data mapping.
Fold Change: Indicates the ratio of the gene's expression level in inhibitory interneuron cell compared to a baseline. A fold change greater than 1 suggests significant gene expression.

Gene ID: A unique numerical identifier for this specific gene.
Symbol: Shortened abbreviation or name that represents this gene.
Ensembl Gene ID: A unique identifier assigned by Ensembl for genomic data mapping.
Fold Change: Indicates the ratio of the gene's expression level in inhibitory interneuron cell compared to a baseline. A fold change greater than 1 suggests significant gene expression.
**Key Characteristics** The inhibitory interneuron has several key characteristics that distinguish it from other types of neurons: 1. **Multipolar Neurons**: Inhibitory interneurons are multipolar neurons, meaning they have one axon and multiple dendrites. 2. **Inhibitory Neurotransmission**: Inhibitory interneurons release inhibitory neurotransmitters, such as GABA and glycine, which reduce the activity of other neurons. 3. **ADGRB3 Gene Expression**: The ADGRB3 gene is specifically expressed in inhibitory interneurons and is involved in regulating their activity. 4. **ANK2 and ANK3 Gene Expression**: The ANK2 and ANK3 genes are also expressed in inhibitory interneurons and are involved in cellular processes such as cell adhesion and migration. 5. **Central Nervous System (CNS) Location**: Inhibitory interneurons are located in the CNS, specifically in the brain and spinal cord. **Clinical Significance** The inhibitory interneuron plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of neural activity and is implicated in various neurological disorders, including: 1. **Anxiety and Depression**: Inhibitory interneurons are thought to play a role in the regulation of mood and anxiety. 2. **Epilepsy**: Inhibitory interneurons are involved in the regulation of seizure activity and are implicated in the development of epilepsy. 3. **Neurodegenerative Disorders**: Inhibitory interneurons are involved in the regulation of neural activity and are implicated in the development of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. 4. **Neurodevelopmental Disorders**: Inhibitory interneurons are involved in the regulation of neural development and are implicated in the development of neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder. In summary, the inhibitory interneuron is a complex and highly specialized type of neuron that plays a crucial role in regulating neural activity and is implicated in various neurological disorders. Further research is needed to fully understand the function and dysfunction of inhibitory interneurons and their role in neurological disorders.