Details for: ND2

Gene ID: 4536

Symbol: ND2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198763

Description: NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 7.08
    Cell Significance Index: 12
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 2.4
    Cell Significance Index: 3
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: 2.35
    Cell Significance Index: 2
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 1.93
    Cell Significance Index: 2
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 1.88
    Cell Significance Index: 2
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 1.65
    Cell Significance Index: 2
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 1.51
    Cell Significance Index: 2
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 1.48
    Cell Significance Index: 2
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 1.39
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 1.35
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 1.32
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 1.3
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: Sertoli cell (CL0000216)
    Fold Change: 1.29
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 1.27
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 1.22
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 1.22
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: 1.19
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: 1.19
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: 1.18
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: 1.17
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: glandular epithelial cell (CL0000150)
    Fold Change: 1.15
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: seromucus secreting cell (CL0000159)
    Fold Change: 1.13
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
    Fold Change: 1.12
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 1.1
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 1.09
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 1.09
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 1.09
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 1.08
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 1.08
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: kidney cell (CL1000497)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: 1.05
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 1.03
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: 1.03
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 1.03
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: 1.03
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 1.02
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: cone retinal bipolar cell (CL0000752)
    Fold Change: 1.02
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: enterocyte (CL0000584)
    Fold Change: 1.02
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: 1.01
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: oral mucosa squamous cell (CL1001576)
    Fold Change: 1
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: 1
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: hepatic pit cell (CL2000054)
    Fold Change: 0.99
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.99
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: cell (CL0000000)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: 0.97
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000810)
    Fold Change: 0.97
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.97
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 0.96
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell (CL2000059)
    Fold Change: 0.96
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: 0.96
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.96
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: skin fibroblast (CL0002620)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal stem cell (CL0000134)
    Fold Change: 0.94
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: luminal hormone-sensing cell of mammary gland (CL4033058)
    Fold Change: 0.94
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: mesodermal cell (CL0000222)
    Fold Change: 0.94
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of urethra (CL1000296)
    Fold Change: 0.94
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: intrahepatic cholangiocyte (CL0002538)
    Fold Change: 0.94
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.93
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: malignant cell (CL0001064)
    Fold Change: 0.93
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030067)
    Fold Change: 0.93
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.93
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex neuron (CL0010012)
    Fold Change: 0.93
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell (CL0008035)
    Fold Change: 0.93
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: mature alpha-beta T cell (CL0000791)
    Fold Change: 0.93
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: 0.93
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: foveolar cell of stomach (CL0002179)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: perivascular cell (CL4033054)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: IgG-negative class switched memory B cell (CL0002117)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of proximal tubule (CL0002306)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland (CL0002326)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: liver dendritic cell (CL2000055)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: Merkel cell (CL0000242)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of esophagus (CL0002252)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid (CL0019021)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte progenitor cell (CL0000553)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: mononuclear phagocyte (CL0000113)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: OFF-bipolar cell (CL0000750)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of breast (CL4006000)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000811)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: mammary gland epithelial cell (CL0002327)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: stem cell (CL0000034)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: supporting cell (CL0000630)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: myeloid leukocyte (CL0000766)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: theca cell (CL0000503)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: ON-bipolar cell (CL0000749)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of nephron (CL1000449)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: goblet cell (CL0000160)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: enteric smooth muscle cell (CL0002504)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: Mueller cell (CL0000636)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Cell Significance Index: 1
  • Cell Name: columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell (CL0000075)
    Fold Change: 0.89
    Cell Significance Index: 1

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Gene Location and Function:** The ND2 gene is located on chromosome 10q24.1 and encodes a subunit of the NADH dehydrogenase complex, which is a key enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. 2. **Expression Patterns:** ND2 is highly expressed in cells involved in energy-intensive functions, such as skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and neurons. 3. **Interactions and Binding Partners:** ND2 interacts with various proteins, including other subunits of the NADH dehydrogenase complex, protein kinases, and protein-binding proteins. 4. **Regulation and Response:** ND2 is responsive to hypoxia, a condition characterized by reduced oxygen availability, which can lead to changes in its expression and activity. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Aerobic Respiration:** ND2 plays a critical role in the electron transport chain, which is essential for generating ATP through aerobic respiration. 2. **Mitochondrial Electron Transport:** ND2 is involved in the transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone, a key step in the electron transport chain. 3. **Protein Degradation:** ND2 is involved in the regulation of protein degradation in the mitochondria, which is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis. 4. **Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Metabolism:** ND2 helps to regulate ROS levels, which are essential for signaling and cellular homeostasis. **Clinical Significance:** Dysregulation of the ND2 gene has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Mitochondrial Myopathies:** Mutations in the ND2 gene can lead to mitochondrial myopathies, a group of disorders characterized by muscle weakness and fatigue. 2. **Neurodegenerative Diseases:** Alterations in ND2 expression and function have been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. 3. **Cancer:** ND2 is involved in the regulation of protein degradation and ROS metabolism, which can influence cancer progression and treatment outcomes. In conclusion, the ND2 gene plays a critical role in maintaining mitochondrial function and cellular metabolism. Its dysregulation can have significant consequences for human health, highlighting the importance of further research into the mechanisms and implications of ND2 dysfunction.

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.