Details for: CL0000540

Cell ID: CL0000540

Cell Name: neuron

Marker Score Threshold: 4072
(Derived using integrated single-cell and genomic data)

Description: The basic cellular unit of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system.

Synonyms: nerve cell

Image representation

Depiction of neuron
Courtesy of SwissBioPics

Genes (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Gene Symbol: ASTN1 (ENSG00000152092)
    Fold Change: 2.62
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000152092
  • Gene Symbol: AMPH (ENSG00000078053)
    Fold Change: 2.55
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000078053
  • Gene Symbol: ACTB (ENSG00000075624)
    Fold Change: 2.04
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000075624
  • Gene Symbol: ANK2 (ENSG00000145362)
    Fold Change: 2.03
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000145362
  • Gene Symbol: ANK3 (ENSG00000151150)
    Fold Change: 2.02
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000151150
  • Gene Symbol: RERE (ENSG00000142599)
    Fold Change: 2
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000142599
  • Gene Symbol: ATP2B2 (ENSG00000157087)
    Fold Change: 2
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000157087
  • Gene Symbol: ADK (ENSG00000156110)
    Fold Change: 1.99
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000156110
  • Gene Symbol: ATP1B1 (ENSG00000143153)
    Fold Change: 1.99
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143153
  • Gene Symbol: APBB2 (ENSG00000163697)
    Fold Change: 1.93
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000163697
  • Gene Symbol: APP (ENSG00000142192)
    Fold Change: 1.93
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000142192
  • Gene Symbol: APBA2 (ENSG00000034053)
    Fold Change: 1.89
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000034053
  • Gene Symbol: ATP2B1 (ENSG00000070961)
    Fold Change: 1.89
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000070961
  • Gene Symbol: ADCY9 (ENSG00000162104)
    Fold Change: 1.88
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000162104
  • Gene Symbol: ABL2 (ENSG00000143322)
    Fold Change: 1.87
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143322
  • Gene Symbol: ABCA3 (ENSG00000167972)
    Fold Change: 1.84
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000167972
  • Gene Symbol: ACYP2 (ENSG00000170634)
    Fold Change: 1.83
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000170634
  • Gene Symbol: ADARB1 (ENSG00000197381)
    Fold Change: 1.82
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000197381
  • Gene Symbol: APC (ENSG00000134982)
    Fold Change: 1.8
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000134982
  • Gene Symbol: APLP2 (ENSG00000084234)
    Fold Change: 1.8
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000084234
  • Gene Symbol: ABL1 (ENSG00000097007)
    Fold Change: 1.8
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000097007
  • Gene Symbol: APLP1 (ENSG00000105290)
    Fold Change: 1.78
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000105290
  • Gene Symbol: ATM (ENSG00000149311)
    Fold Change: 1.78
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000149311
  • Gene Symbol: ARRB1 (ENSG00000137486)
    Fold Change: 1.76
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000137486
  • Gene Symbol: ADCY1 (ENSG00000164742)
    Fold Change: 1.75
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000164742
  • Gene Symbol: ASPH (ENSG00000198363)
    Fold Change: 1.75
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198363
  • Gene Symbol: ADD3 (ENSG00000148700)
    Fold Change: 1.74
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000148700
  • Gene Symbol: APBA1 (ENSG00000107282)
    Fold Change: 1.71
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000107282
  • Gene Symbol: ABAT (ENSG00000183044)
    Fold Change: 1.71
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000183044
  • Gene Symbol: ATP2A2 (ENSG00000174437)
    Fold Change: 1.7
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000174437
  • Gene Symbol: ADD1 (ENSG00000087274)
    Fold Change: 1.7
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000087274
  • Gene Symbol: ATP1B3 (ENSG00000069849)
    Fold Change: 1.68
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000069849
  • Gene Symbol: ZFHX3 (ENSG00000140836)
    Fold Change: 1.67
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000140836
  • Gene Symbol: AP1G1 (ENSG00000166747)
    Fold Change: 1.66
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000166747
  • Gene Symbol: ACVR2A (ENSG00000121989)
    Fold Change: 1.66
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000121989
  • Gene Symbol: ARHGAP5 (ENSG00000100852)
    Fold Change: 1.66
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000100852
  • Gene Symbol: ARNT (ENSG00000143437)
    Fold Change: 1.63
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143437
  • Gene Symbol: ADAM10 (ENSG00000137845)
    Fold Change: 1.59
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000137845
  • Gene Symbol: XIAP (ENSG00000101966)
    Fold Change: 1.57
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000101966
  • Gene Symbol: ACVR1B (ENSG00000135503)
    Fold Change: 1.57
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000135503
  • Gene Symbol: ATP6V1A (ENSG00000114573)
    Fold Change: 1.56
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000114573
  • Gene Symbol: ATP2B4 (ENSG00000058668)
    Fold Change: 1.56
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000058668
  • Gene Symbol: ATP1A1 (ENSG00000163399)
    Fold Change: 1.54
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000163399
  • Gene Symbol: ASAH1 (ENSG00000104763)
    Fold Change: 1.52
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000104763
  • Gene Symbol: ABR (ENSG00000159842)
    Fold Change: 1.51
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000159842
  • Gene Symbol: ADCY5 (ENSG00000173175)
    Fold Change: 1.51
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000173175
  • Gene Symbol: ADCY3 (ENSG00000138031)
    Fold Change: 1.5
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000138031
  • Gene Symbol: ADAR (ENSG00000160710)
    Fold Change: 1.49
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000160710
  • Gene Symbol: ACADM (ENSG00000117054)
    Fold Change: 1.48
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000117054
  • Gene Symbol: ANXA6 (ENSG00000197043)
    Fold Change: 1.47
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000197043
  • Gene Symbol: AGL (ENSG00000162688)
    Fold Change: 1.46
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000162688
  • Gene Symbol: ACTN4 (ENSG00000130402)
    Fold Change: 1.45
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000130402
  • Gene Symbol: TLE5 (ENSG00000104964)
    Fold Change: 1.45
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000104964
  • Gene Symbol: ARF1 (ENSG00000143761)
    Fold Change: 1.43
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143761
  • Gene Symbol: ARSB (ENSG00000113273)
    Fold Change: 1.42
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000113273
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1E (ENSG00000124172)
    Fold Change: 1.42
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000124172
  • Gene Symbol: RHOA (ENSG00000067560)
    Fold Change: 1.39
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000067560
  • Gene Symbol: AP2A2 (ENSG00000183020)
    Fold Change: 1.38
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000183020
  • Gene Symbol: ACTG1 (ENSG00000184009)
    Fold Change: 1.38
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000184009
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1C (ENSG00000165629)
    Fold Change: 1.37
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000165629
  • Gene Symbol: ARL3 (ENSG00000138175)
    Fold Change: 1.36
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000138175
  • Gene Symbol: ACO2 (ENSG00000100412)
    Fold Change: 1.35
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000100412
  • Gene Symbol: ACVR1 (ENSG00000115170)
    Fold Change: 1.32
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000115170
  • Gene Symbol: ANXA7 (ENSG00000138279)
    Fold Change: 1.29
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000138279
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5PF (ENSG00000154723)
    Fold Change: 1.29
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000154723
  • Gene Symbol: ATF1 (ENSG00000123268)
    Fold Change: 1.28
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000123268
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5MC2 (ENSG00000135390)
    Fold Change: 1.28
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000135390
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1A (ENSG00000152234)
    Fold Change: 1.26
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000152234
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1B (ENSG00000110955)
    Fold Change: 1.26
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000110955
  • Gene Symbol: ASNS (ENSG00000070669)
    Fold Change: 1.26
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000070669
  • Gene Symbol: ALK (ENSG00000171094)
    Fold Change: 1.24
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000171094
  • Gene Symbol: ACADSB (ENSG00000196177)
    Fold Change: 1.23
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000196177
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5ME (ENSG00000169020)
    Fold Change: 1.23
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000169020
  • Gene Symbol: ALCAM (ENSG00000170017)
    Fold Change: 1.2
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000170017
  • Gene Symbol: APBB1 (ENSG00000166313)
    Fold Change: 1.2
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000166313
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5MC3 (ENSG00000154518)
    Fold Change: 1.2
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000154518
  • Gene Symbol: AKT2 (ENSG00000105221)
    Fold Change: 1.19
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000105221
  • Gene Symbol: ADCY8 (ENSG00000155897)
    Fold Change: 1.19
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000155897
  • Gene Symbol: ACADVL (ENSG00000072778)
    Fold Change: 1.19
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000072778
  • Gene Symbol: ANK1 (ENSG00000029534)
    Fold Change: 1.18
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000029534
  • Gene Symbol: ACTN1 (ENSG00000072110)
    Fold Change: 1.18
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000072110
  • Gene Symbol: ACACA (ENSG00000278540)
    Fold Change: 1.17
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000278540
  • Gene Symbol: ACAT1 (ENSG00000075239)
    Fold Change: 1.17
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000075239
  • Gene Symbol: ACVR2B (ENSG00000114739)
    Fold Change: 1.16
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000114739
  • Gene Symbol: GRK3 (ENSG00000100077)
    Fold Change: 1.14
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000100077
  • Gene Symbol: TRIM23 (ENSG00000113595)
    Fold Change: 1.14
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000113595
  • Gene Symbol: AP2A1 (ENSG00000196961)
    Fold Change: 1.13
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000196961
  • Gene Symbol: ACOX1 (ENSG00000161533)
    Fold Change: 1.12
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000161533
  • Gene Symbol: AMD1 (ENSG00000123505)
    Fold Change: 1.1
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000123505
  • Gene Symbol: ABCB7 (ENSG00000131269)
    Fold Change: 1.1
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000131269
  • Gene Symbol: AP1B1 (ENSG00000100280)
    Fold Change: 1.09
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000100280
  • Gene Symbol: ALDH3A2 (ENSG00000072210)
    Fold Change: 1.08
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000072210
  • Gene Symbol: ADARB2 (ENSG00000185736)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000185736
  • Gene Symbol: ALDOA (ENSG00000149925)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000149925
  • Gene Symbol: AMY2B (ENSG00000240038)
    Fold Change: 1.05
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000240038
  • Gene Symbol: AP2B1 (ENSG00000006125)
    Fold Change: 1.04
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000006125
  • Gene Symbol: ABCD2 (ENSG00000173208)
    Fold Change: 1.04
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000173208
  • Gene Symbol: ARF4 (ENSG00000168374)
    Fold Change: 1.02
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000168374
  • Gene Symbol: BIN1 (ENSG00000136717)
    Fold Change: 1.02
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000136717
  • Gene Symbol: ADCY6 (ENSG00000174233)
    Fold Change: 1.01
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000174233
Hovered Details

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Hovered Details

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**Key Characteristics** The neuron cell has several key characteristics that enable it to function properly: 1. **Body**: The body of the neuron, also known as the perikaryon, contains the cell's genetic material and is responsible for producing proteins necessary for neuronal function. 2. **Axon**: The axon is a long, thin extension of the neuron that carries electrical impulses away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands. 3. **Dendrites**: Dendrites are branching extensions of the neuron that receive electrical impulses from other neurons. 4. **Synapses**: Synapses are small gaps between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron, where chemical signals are transmitted between neurons. 5. **Cytoskeleton**: The cytoskeleton is a network of protein filaments that provides structural support and organization to the neuron. **Clinical Significance** Neurons are essential for various physiological processes, including: 1. **Motor control**: Neurons play a critical role in controlling voluntary movements, such as walking, running, and writing. 2. **Sensory perception**: Neurons transmit sensory information from sensory receptors to the brain, allowing us to perceive the world around us. 3. **Cognitive function**: Neurons are involved in various cognitive processes, including attention, memory, and learning. 4. **Neurological disorders**: Damage to neurons can lead to neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and stroke. Understanding the structure and function of neurons is essential for developing effective treatments for neurological disorders and improving our understanding of the nervous system. **Pathways/Ontology** The neuron cell is associated with various cellular processes, including: 1. **Clathrin-coated vesicle**: The formation and regulation of clathrin-coated vesicles, which are involved in endocytosis and exocytosis. 2. **Endosome**: The formation and regulation of endosomes, which are involved in protein sorting and degradation. 3. **External side of plasma membrane**: The interaction between the external side of the plasma membrane and the cytoskeleton. 4. **Locomotory behavior**: The regulation of locomotory behavior, including movement and muscle contraction. 5. **Neuron cell-cell adhesion**: The interaction between neurons and other cells, including astrocytes and microglia. These pathways and ontologies highlight the complex interactions between neurons and other cells in the nervous system, and demonstrate the importance of understanding the cellular basis of neurological function and dysfunction.