MGST3 | ENSG00000143198 | NCBI 4259

Details for: MGST3

Gene ID: 4259

Gene Type: Protein-coding - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: MGST3

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143198

Description: microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3

Cell Significance Landscape

Display Count:

Associated with

Aflatoxin activation and detoxification
(R-HSA-5423646)
Biological oxidations
(R-HSA-211859)
Glutathione conjugation
(R-HSA-156590)
Metabolism
(R-HSA-1430728)
Phase ii - conjugation of compounds
(R-HSA-156580)
Arachidonate metabolic process
(GO:0019369)
Cellular oxidant detoxification
(GO:0098869)
Endoplasmic reticulum
(GO:0005783)
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
(GO:0005789)
Glutathione peroxidase activity
(GO:0004602)
Glutathione transferase activity
(GO:0004364)
Identical protein binding
(GO:0042802)
Intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
(GO:0043231)
Leukotriene-c4 synthase activity
(GO:0004464)
Leukotriene biosynthetic process
(GO:0019370)
Lipid metabolic process
(GO:0006629)
Membrane
(GO:0016020)
Mitochondrial outer membrane
(GO:0005741)
Mitochondrion
(GO:0005739)
Nuclear envelope
(GO:0005635)
Prostanoid metabolic process
(GO:0006692)
Protein binding
(GO:0005515)

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

colon epithelial cell CL0011108

CSI 92.39

rCSI 96.78%

PRS 4.96
ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067

CSI 86.96

rCSI 76.47%

PRS 3.84
intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563

CSI 84.38

rCSI 88.2%

PRS 5.62
stem cell CL0000034

CSI 80.48

rCSI 77.6%

PRS 3.01
M cell of gut CL0000682

CSI 80.33

rCSI 85.35%

PRS 9.53
extravillous trophoblast CL0008036

CSI 79.47

rCSI 98.3%

PRS 4.67
fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006

CSI 77.76

rCSI 74.86%

PRS 5.51
placental villous trophoblast CL2000060

CSI 66.61

rCSI 100%

PRS 4.99
intestine goblet cell CL0019031

CSI 63.97

rCSI 56.78%

PRS 5.33
lung ciliated cell CL1000271

CSI 63.44

rCSI 73.36%

PRS 3.87
transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011

CSI 60.68

rCSI 71.27%

PRS 6.44
elicited macrophage CL0000861

CSI 60.59

rCSI 55.63%

PRS 6.05
enterocyte CL0000584

CSI 59.24

rCSI 95.52%

PRS 8.66
keratinocyte CL0000312

CSI 58.22

rCSI 48.8%

PRS 6.4
peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032

CSI 50.03

rCSI 68.17%

PRS 4.79
alveolar macrophage CL0000583

CSI 48.9

rCSI 80.54%

PRS 6.23
colonocyte CL1000347

CSI 45

rCSI 64.51%

PRS 7.43
pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079

CSI 44.78

rCSI 87.08%

PRS 5.43
mucous neck cell CL0000651

CSI 43.48

rCSI 62.67%

PRS 8.63
BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026

CSI 43.23

rCSI 53.77%

PRS 5.69
epithelial cell of lung CL0000082

CSI 42.96

rCSI 35.62%

PRS 5.03
bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093

CSI 41.79

rCSI 33.95%

PRS 5.65
foveolar cell of stomach CL0002179

CSI 41.44

rCSI 88.22%

PRS 8.66
melanocyte CL0000148

CSI 36.4

rCSI 26.96%

PRS 4.95
pancreatic D cell CL0000173

CSI 33.77

rCSI 33.22%

PRS 5.81
intrahepatic cholangiocyte CL0002538

CSI 32.97

rCSI 79.11%

PRS 10.12
transit amplifying cell CL0009010

CSI 32.09

rCSI 49.09%

PRS 8.71
epithelial cell CL0000066

CSI 31.86

rCSI 48.96%

PRS 7.7
goblet cell CL0000160

CSI 31.24

rCSI 29.52%

PRS 5.55
syncytiotrophoblast cell CL0000525

CSI 30.37

rCSI 87.49%

PRS 10.86
enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504

CSI 29.71

rCSI 42.4%

PRS 6.06
granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557

CSI 29.61

rCSI 25.64%

PRS 5.9
kidney epithelial cell CL0002518

CSI 29.6

rCSI 56.5%

PRS 13.05
common dendritic progenitor CL0001029

CSI 29.49

rCSI 37.01%

PRS 6.76
microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell CL0008035

CSI 28.74

rCSI 83.2%

PRS 6.03
intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine CL0009017

CSI 28.39

rCSI 76.52%

PRS 6.94
type B pancreatic cell CL0000169

CSI 28.34

rCSI 62.75%

PRS 4.99
retinal ganglion cell CL0000740

CSI 27.83

rCSI 61.48%

PRS 3.84
Hofbauer cell CL3000001

CSI 26.81

rCSI 50.61%

PRS 6.62
forebrain radial glial cell CL0013000

CSI 25.84

rCSI 82.92%

PRS 7.99
stromal cell of ovary CL0002132

CSI 25.8

rCSI 70.89%

PRS 8.9
pancreatic A cell CL0000171

CSI 25.27

rCSI 26.47%

PRS 5.7
OFF-bipolar cell CL0000750

CSI 25.26

rCSI 34.54%

PRS 9.36
duct epithelial cell CL0000068

CSI 25.19

rCSI 36.86%

PRS 5.63
ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002145

CSI 25.04

rCSI 57.09%

PRS 5.56
glandular epithelial cell CL0000150

CSI 24.81

rCSI 65.32%

PRS 10.43
pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064

CSI 23.95

rCSI 31.84%

PRS 5.82
alternatively activated macrophage CL0000890

CSI 23.74

rCSI 29.85%

PRS 8.19
skin fibroblast CL0002620

CSI 22.86

rCSI 19.71%

PRS 8.81
ON-bipolar cell CL0000749

CSI 22.69

rCSI 33.72%

PRS 6.83
cardiac muscle cell CL0000746

CSI 21.35

rCSI 30.63%

PRS 4.39
mammary gland epithelial cell CL0002327

CSI 20.73

rCSI 72.75%

PRS 9.7
enteroendocrine cell CL0000164

CSI 20.4

rCSI 27.87%

PRS 5.88
L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041

CSI 20.22

rCSI 72.76%

PRS 2.89
colon goblet cell CL0009039

CSI 19.75

rCSI 46.95%

PRS 8.12
fibroblast of lung CL0002553

CSI 19.64

rCSI 18.28%

PRS 5.35
smooth muscle cell CL0000192

CSI 19.52

rCSI 46.55%

PRS 18.53
common myeloid progenitor CL0000049

CSI 19.27

rCSI 15.58%

PRS 5.21
myofibroblast cell CL0000186

CSI 19.01

rCSI 26.32%

PRS 7.67
ventricular cardiac muscle cell CL2000046

CSI 18.95

rCSI 64.92%

PRS 23.77
erythrocyte CL0000232

CSI 18.41

rCSI 41.77%

PRS 7.63
pulmonary alveolar type 2 cell CL0002063

CSI 18.31

rCSI 28.4%

PRS 8.46
erythroblast CL0000765

CSI 18.03

rCSI 47.85%

PRS 9.09
chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036

CSI 17.99

rCSI 56.26%

PRS 3.7
keratocyte CL0002363

CSI 17.92

rCSI 43.08%

PRS 8.28
primitive red blood cell CL0002355

CSI 17.81

rCSI 96.11%

PRS 10.49
acinar cell CL0000622

CSI 17.73

rCSI 26%

PRS 6.98
epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632

CSI 17.66

rCSI 13.69%

PRS 5.04
ciliated cell CL0000064

CSI 17.6

rCSI 28.52%

PRS 5.4
type EC enteroendocrine cell CL0000577

CSI 17.55

rCSI 62.3%

PRS 8.77
alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006

CSI 17.54

rCSI 27.7%

PRS 5.33
myeloid leukocyte CL0000766

CSI 17.24

rCSI 15.9%

PRS 5.38
endothelial cell of artery CL1000413

CSI 16.6

rCSI 24.32%

PRS 31.22
pancreatic PP cell CL0002275

CSI 16.53

rCSI 65.81%

PRS 9.54
lung macrophage CL1001603

CSI 16.3

rCSI 36.41%

PRS 6.01
neural crest cell CL0011012

CSI 16.19

rCSI 12.8%

PRS 3.68
lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011

CSI 15.74

rCSI 26.42%

PRS 3.17
luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002326

CSI 15.7

rCSI 28.52%

PRS 8.15
L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040

CSI 15.52

rCSI 37.72%

PRS 3.1
P/D1 enteroendocrine cell CL0002268

CSI 15.26

rCSI 83.06%

PRS 13.73
pancreatic stellate cell CL0002410

CSI 15.24

rCSI 88.66%

PRS 8.01
neuroendocrine cell CL0000165

CSI 15.21

rCSI 58.82%

PRS 11.59
pancreatic epsilon cell CL0005019

CSI 14.92

rCSI 69.55%

PRS 13.41
basal-myoepithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002324

CSI 14.7

rCSI 27.8%

PRS 11.96
L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038

CSI 14.67

rCSI 45.84%

PRS 3.39
megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050

CSI 14.66

rCSI 13.24%

PRS 4.69
pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018

CSI 14.5

rCSI 18.04%

PRS 2.91
perivascular cell CL4033054

CSI 14.49

rCSI 19.81%

PRS 6.02
intestinal tuft cell CL0019032

CSI 14.28

rCSI 21.83%

PRS 6.16
retinal cone cell CL0000573

CSI 13.93

rCSI 22.42%

PRS 4.11
transit amplifying cell of small intestine CL0009012

CSI 13.9

rCSI 61.01%

PRS 10.27
adventitial cell CL0002503

CSI 13.52

rCSI 32.28%

PRS 8.59
mesodermal cell CL0000222

CSI 13.44

rCSI 16.13%

PRS 5.32
lung interstitial macrophage CL4033043

CSI 13.38

rCSI 30.03%

PRS 13.19
glioblast CL0000030

CSI 12.87

rCSI 20.54%

PRS 4.65
caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064

CSI 12.56

rCSI 22.18%

PRS 3.17
alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004

CSI 12.55

rCSI 13.75%

PRS 6.16
renal beta-intercalated cell CL0002201

CSI 12.48

rCSI 29.74%

PRS 6.89
cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron CL0010011

CSI 12.4

rCSI 36.61%

PRS 6.75
enteroendocrine cell of small intestine CL0009006

CSI 12.33

rCSI 27.15%

PRS 8.3

CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000794

CSI -30.5

rCSI -36.5%

PRS 9.3%
effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000913

CSI -18.8

rCSI -17.1%

PRS 8.3%
group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071

CSI -15.9

rCSI -11.9%

PRS 5.5%
double negative thymocyte CL0002489

CSI -7.4

rCSI -5.1%

PRS 6.2%
lung resident memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL4033039

CSI -6.5

rCSI -16.7%

PRS 18.3%
effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001044

CSI -6.1

rCSI -17.5%

PRS 7.7%
neural cell CL0002319

CSI -5.8

rCSI -21.8%

PRS 10.4%
periportal region hepatocyte CL0019026

CSI -5.5

rCSI -21.3%

PRS 8.8%
mature astrocyte CL0002627

CSI -4.4

rCSI -18.9%

PRS 9.6%
neural progenitor cell CL0011020

CSI -4.4

rCSI -19.3%

PRS 5.4%
CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000897

CSI -4.3

rCSI -3.1%

PRS 7.3%
retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748

CSI -3.9

rCSI -7.4%

PRS 4.1%
naive T cell CL0000898

CSI -3.8

rCSI -2.6%

PRS 7.7%
centrilobular region hepatocyte CL0019029

CSI -3.5

rCSI -9.0%

PRS 9.5%
activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000896

CSI -3.4

rCSI -3.2%

PRS 9.8%
midzonal region hepatocyte CL0019028

CSI -2.9

rCSI -6.9%

PRS 9.3%
cardiac neuron CL0010022

CSI -2.6

rCSI -8.3%

PRS 3.9%
astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605

CSI -2.6

rCSI -5.8%

PRS 3.4%
fast muscle cell CL0000190

CSI -2.2

rCSI -8.5%

PRS 20.1%
pulmonary capillary endothelial cell CL4028001

CSI -2.2

rCSI -4.1%

PRS 8.5%
pro-B cell CL0000826

CSI -2.1

rCSI -1.8%

PRS 5.3%
T-helper 1 cell CL0000545

CSI -1.8

rCSI -3.3%

PRS 16.0%
vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051

CSI -1.4

rCSI -2.4%

PRS 4.1%
endocardial cell CL0002350

CSI -1.2

rCSI -5.9%

PRS 8.4%
fibroblast of cardiac tissue CL0002548

CSI -1.1

rCSI -5.3%

PRS 3.2%
immature B cell CL0000816

CSI -1.1

rCSI -0.8%

PRS 8.0%
plasmablast CL0000980

CSI -1.0

rCSI -0.8%

PRS 6.3%
cerebral cortex neuron CL0010012

CSI -0.9

rCSI -3.6%

PRS 6.2%
Schwann cell CL0002573

CSI -0.9

rCSI -2.5%

PRS 7.1%
plasmacytoid dendritic cell, human CL0001058

CSI -0.4

rCSI -0.3%

PRS 5.6%
L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030063

CSI -0.4

rCSI -0.9%

PRS 3.0%
dopaminergic neuron CL0000700

CSI -0.4

rCSI -2.0%

PRS 1.7%
brush cell CL0002204

CSI -0.3

rCSI -0.7%

PRS 15.4%
airway submucosal gland duct basal cell CL4033024

CSI -0.3

rCSI -1.8%

PRS 23.8%
innate lymphoid cell CL0001065

CSI -0.3

rCSI -0.6%

PRS 8.7%
transitional stage B cell CL0000818

CSI -0.2

rCSI -0.6%

PRS 16.4%
pro-T cell CL0000827

CSI 0.1

rCSI 2.5%

PRS 36.0%
lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000838

CSI 0.1

rCSI 0.4%

PRS 8.8%
mature B cell CL0000785

CSI 0.2

rCSI 0.1%

PRS 6.6%
group 2 innate lymphoid cell CL0001069

CSI 0.2

rCSI 1.0%

PRS 18.8%
mesenchymal lymphangioblast CL0005021

CSI 0.2

rCSI 5.9%

PRS 28.9%
thymocyte CL0000893

CSI 0.3

rCSI 0.9%

PRS 17.4%
parietal epithelial cell CL1000452

CSI 0.3

rCSI 0.8%

PRS 5.3%
nasal mucosa goblet cell CL0002480

CSI 0.3

rCSI 0.3%

PRS 8.0%
L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030059

CSI 0.3

rCSI 0.7%

PRS 2.6%
T follicular helper cell CL0002038

CSI 0.3

rCSI 0.3%

PRS 8.7%
hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell CL0000837

CSI 0.4

rCSI 0.8%

PRS 8.3%
macroglial cell CL0000126

CSI 0.4

rCSI 0.9%

PRS 9.2%
midbrain dopaminergic neuron CL2000097

CSI 0.4

rCSI 2.6%

PRS 9.4%
regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131

CSI 0.4

rCSI 2.6%

PRS 4.4%
L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030067

CSI 0.5

rCSI 1.5%

PRS 2.6%
hematopoietic precursor cell CL0008001

CSI 0.5

rCSI 0.5%

PRS 8.6%
granulocyte CL0000094

CSI 0.5

rCSI 0.8%

PRS 6.7%
H2 horizontal cell CL0004218

CSI 0.5

rCSI 2.7%

PRS 7.7%
kidney connecting tubule principal cell CL4030018

CSI 0.6

rCSI 4.3%

PRS 50.3%
large pre-B-II cell CL0000957

CSI 0.6

rCSI 1.7%

PRS 9.5%
parietal cell CL0000162

CSI 0.6

rCSI 5.2%

PRS 34.9%
tuft cell of colon CL0009041

CSI 0.6

rCSI 1.4%

PRS 12.7%
myelocyte CL0002193

CSI 0.6

rCSI 4.2%

PRS 18.5%
muscle cell CL0000187

CSI 0.7

rCSI 1.5%

PRS 13.0%
early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936

CSI 0.7

rCSI 0.6%

PRS 6.0%
peptic cell CL0000155

CSI 0.7

rCSI 7.2%

PRS 16.9%
epicardial adipocyte CL1000309

CSI 0.7

rCSI 2.4%

PRS 8.1%
vasa recta ascending limb cell CL1001131

CSI 0.7

rCSI 3.4%

PRS 24.0%
luminal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002340

CSI 0.8

rCSI 4.1%

PRS 9.8%
glial cell CL0000125

CSI 0.8

rCSI 3.0%

PRS 5.8%
pre-conventional dendritic cell CL0002010

CSI 0.8

rCSI 10.5%

PRS 18.7%
tracheal goblet cell CL1000329

CSI 0.8

rCSI 1.8%

PRS 10.9%
endothelial cell of venule CL1000414

CSI 0.9

rCSI 7.6%

PRS 31.0%
serous secreting cell of bronchus submucosal gland CL4033005

CSI 0.9

rCSI 5.2%

PRS 27.6%
kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage CL1000695

CSI 0.9

rCSI 2.4%

PRS 6.1%
IgA plasma cell CL0000987

CSI 0.9

rCSI 1.0%

PRS 10.1%
sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017

CSI 1.0

rCSI 1.3%

PRS 3.4%
common lymphoid progenitor CL0000051

CSI 1.1

rCSI 1.4%

PRS 10.2%
uterine smooth muscle cell CL0002601

CSI 1.1

rCSI 7.1%

PRS 38.8%
CD8-positive, CD28-negative, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000920

CSI 1.2

rCSI 2.4%

PRS 9.1%
renal interstitial pericyte CL1001318

CSI 1.2

rCSI 3.3%

PRS 5.9%
osteoblast CL0000062

CSI 1.3

rCSI 31.1%

PRS 44.5%
eosinophil CL0000771

CSI 1.3

rCSI 8.2%

PRS 14.1%
colon macrophage CL0009038

CSI 1.3

rCSI 5.9%

PRS 11.6%
starburst amacrine cell CL0004232

CSI 1.3

rCSI 11.0%

PRS 7.6%
memory T cell CL0000813

CSI 1.3

rCSI 2.6%

PRS 12.2%
endothelial cell of arteriole CL1000412

CSI 1.3

rCSI 7.5%

PRS 23.4%
basal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002341

CSI 1.4

rCSI 4.0%

PRS 12.1%
tissue-resident macrophage CL0000864

CSI 1.4

rCSI 6.5%

PRS 14.3%
cytotoxic T cell CL0000910

CSI 1.4

rCSI 8.1%

PRS 8.2%
intermediate monocyte CL0002393

CSI 1.5

rCSI 2.2%

PRS 5.2%
endothelial cell of vascular tree CL0002139

CSI 1.5

rCSI 8.1%

PRS 12.7%
mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue CL0002570

CSI 1.5

rCSI 8.3%

PRS 19.6%
fraction A pre-pro B cell CL0002045

CSI 1.6

rCSI 1.8%

PRS 11.1%
myeloid dendritic cell, human CL0001057

CSI 1.6

rCSI 8.9%

PRS 17.2%
mature alpha-beta T cell CL0000791

CSI 1.6

rCSI 5.8%

PRS 9.2%
Bergmann glial cell CL0000644

CSI 1.7

rCSI 2.3%

PRS 5.9%
mesenchymal stem cell CL0000134

CSI 1.7

rCSI 18.3%

PRS 9.8%
central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000907

CSI 1.7

rCSI 1.1%

PRS 6.4%
T-helper 17 cell CL0000899

CSI 1.7

rCSI 1.4%

PRS 9.5%
glutamatergic neuron CL0000679

CSI 1.7

rCSI 3.5%

PRS 5.9%
basal cell of epidermis CL0002187

CSI 1.7

rCSI 3.1%

PRS 7.0%
odontoblast CL0000060

CSI 1.8

rCSI 39.5%

PRS 29.9%
respiratory hillock cell CL4030023

CSI 1.8

rCSI 3.2%

PRS 9.2%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

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Interaction Source:

Pathway Categories (for ONTOLOGY source):

Baseline Cell Type:

Baseline Cell Context(s): Comma-separated if multiple.

Target Cell Type:

Target Cell Context(s): Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:

Query Gene
Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
- Very High
- High
- Medium
- Low
- Very Low
- CSI N/A
Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
STRING PPI Edge
Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

Description
Proteins

## Summary [MGST3](/details-gene/4259) (Microsomal Glutathione S-Transferase 3) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1q24.1. It encodes a membrane-bound enzyme that is a member of the MAPEG (membrane-associated proteins in eicosanoid and glutathione metabolism) family. Functionally, [MGST3](/details-gene/4259) exhibits both glutathione S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase activities, playing a crucial role in cellular detoxification and the metabolism of lipids ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.272.36.22934)). It is particularly significant for its leukotriene-C4 synthase activity, which is a key step in the biosynthesis of pro-inflammatory leukotrienes from arachidonic acid. **Overall**, expression data reveals that [MGST3](/details-gene/4259) is a prominent marker for various epithelial cell types, especially those in the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, such as [colon epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0011108) and [ciliated epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0000067), suggesting a primary role in mucosal barrier function and inflammation. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [MGST3](/details-gene/4259) points to a specialized role in metabolically active barrier and secretory tissues. **Overall**, the gene shows the highest significance in epithelial lineages. It is a top marker in [colon epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0011108), [intestinal epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0002563), [enterocyte](/details-cell/CL0000584), and [intestine goblet cell](/details-cell/CL0019031), highlighting its importance in the gastrointestinal tract. A similar pattern is observed in other mucosal surfaces, with high significance in [ciliated epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0000067), [lung ciliated cell](/details-cell/CL1000271), and [fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL4030006). Its high expression in placental cells like [extravillous trophoblast](/details-cell/CL0008036) and [placental villous trophoblast](/details-cell/CL2000060) further suggests a role in tissues with unique metabolic and protective demands. Notably, [MGST3](/details-gene/4259) is also significant in [elicited macrophage](/details-cell/CL0000861), which is consistent with its function in synthesizing inflammatory mediators ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100310)). Conversely, [MGST3](/details-gene/4259) is a strong anti-marker in the lymphoid lineage of the immune system. Its expression is significantly low in multiple T cell subsets, including [CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell](/details-cell/CL0000794), [effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0000913), and various [CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell](/details-cell/CL0000897) populations. Additionally, the gene shows low significance in [neural cell](/details-cell/CL0002319) and [mature astrocyte](/details-cell/CL0002627), indicating a limited role in the central nervous system. This highly specific expression pattern suggests that its functions are primarily localized to epithelial barriers and myeloid-derived phagocytes, rather than being broadly involved in adaptive immunity or neural processes. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The functional annotations for [MGST3](/details-gene/4259) underscore its role as a key enzyme in lipid metabolism and detoxification pathways. Its molecular functions are centered on [glutathione transferase activity](/details-pathway/GO:0004364) and [glutathione peroxidase activity](/details-pathway/GO:0004602), enabling it to conjugate glutathione to various substrates and detoxify reactive oxygen species. Critically, it possesses [leukotriene-c4 synthase activity](/details-pathway/GO:0004464), placing it as a central player in the [arachidonate metabolic process](/details-pathway/GO:0019369) and the [leukotriene biosynthetic process](/details-pathway/GO:0019370). These activities are integrated into broader metabolic networks, as shown by its involvement in Reactome pathways such as '[Glutathione conjugation](/details-pathway/R-HSA-156590)' and '[Phase ii - conjugation of compounds](/details-pathway/R-HSA-156580)'. This highlights its contribution to xenobiotic metabolism and the cellular defense against toxins. Its role in pro-inflammatory signaling is further supported by a recent study demonstrating its involvement in the biosynthesis of prostaglandin conjugates in macrophages ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100310)). As a microsomal enzyme, [MGST3](/details-gene/4259) is localized to the [endoplasmic reticulum membrane](/details-pathway/GO:0005789) and [mitochondrial outer membrane](/details-pathway/GO:0005741), positioning it at key subcellular hubs for lipid synthesis and cellular metabolism. ## Research Directions The specific expression pattern and enzymatic function of [MGST3](/details-gene/4259) suggest it may be a critical modulator of tissue homeostasis and disease, particularly in epithelial-rich organs prone to inflammation and cancer. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its high expression in [colon epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0011108) and its function in producing pro-inflammatory leukotrienes, dysregulation of [MGST3](/details-gene/4259) activity in the gut epithelium may directly contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or colorectal cancer by altering the local eicosanoid balance. 2. The prominent expression of [MGST3](/details-gene/4259) in [lung ciliated cell](/details-cell/CL1000271) and its role in oxidant detoxification ([GO:0098869](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0098869)) suggests it plays a protective role against inhaled environmental toxins and pathogens. Reduced function or expression could therefore be a susceptibility factor for chronic respiratory diseases like COPD and asthma. **Experimental Approach:** To test the hypothesis that [MGST3](/details-gene/4259) contributes to colorectal cancer pathogenesis (Hypothesis 1), one could employ a multi-faceted approach. First, utilize CRISPR-Cas9 to knock out [MGST3](/details-gene/4259) in human colorectal cancer cell lines (e.g., HT-29 or Caco-2). The impact of its loss on the cellular lipidome could be quantified using targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to measure levels of leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and other arachidonic acid metabolites, both at baseline and following inflammatory stimulation (e.g., with TNF-α or IL-1β). Functional assays would then assess whether the resulting alterations in lipid mediators affect key cancer hallmarks, such as cell proliferation (via BrdU incorporation), migration (via transwell assay), and resistance to chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. **Therapeutic Potential:** As an enzyme that synthesizes pro-inflammatory and potentially pro-tumorigenic lipid mediators, [MGST3](/details-gene/4259) presents a plausible target for therapeutic **inhibition**. In diseases characterized by excessive inflammation or eicosanoid-driven cell proliferation, such as IBD or certain cancers, a selective small molecule inhibitor of [MGST3](/details-gene/4259) could be beneficial. Its low expression in T cells and neural cells may reduce the risk of on-target toxicities in the adaptive immune and central nervous systems, which is a favorable characteristic for a drug target. However, its high expression in multiple healthy epithelial tissues would require careful evaluation to avoid disrupting normal barrier function and homeostasis.

Disclaimer: This in-silico analysis is generated by an AI language model and may contain inaccuracies or hallucinations. However, it is cross-referenced with curated gene expression data from major biological sources. Please verify the information before use.

MGST3_HUMAN

Genular Protein ID: 275128912

Symbol: MGST3_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

O14880 B2R592 Q6ICN4

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9278457

Title: Identification and characterization of a novel microsomal enzyme with glutathione-dependent transferase and peroxidase activities.

PubMed ID: 9278457

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.36.22934

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 21044946

Title: Site-specific analysis of protein S-acylation by resin-assisted capture.

PubMed ID: 21044946

DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d011106

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 27184847

Title: APEX Fingerprinting Reveals the Subcellular Localization of Proteins of Interest.

PubMed ID: 27184847

DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.04.064

PubMed ID: 36370807

Title: Biosynthesis of prostaglandin 15dPGJ2 -glutathione and 15dPGJ2-cysteine conjugates in macrophages and mast cells via MGST3.

PubMed ID: 36370807

DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100310

Sequence Information:

Length: 152
Mass: 16516
Checksum: B721527247415E78
Sequence:

MAVLSKEYGF VLLTGAASFI MVAHLAINVS KARKKYKVEY PIMYSTDPEN GHIFNCIQRA 
HQNTLEVYPP FLFFLAVGGV YHPRIASGLG LAWIVGRVLY AYGYYTGEPS KRSRGALGSI 
ALLGLVGTTV CSAFQHLGWV KSGLGSGPKC CH

Details for: MGST3

Cell Significance Landscape

Associated with

Significant Cells

Network Configuration

Legend:

Other Information

Identification and characterization of a novel microsomal enzyme with glutathione-dependent transferase and peroxidase activities. PubMed ID: 9278457

Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. PubMed ID: 14702039

The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. PubMed ID: 16710414

The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). PubMed ID: 15489334

Initial characterization of the human central proteome. PubMed ID: 21269460

Site-specific analysis of protein S-acylation by resin-assisted capture. PubMed ID: 21044946

An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome. PubMed ID: 24275569

N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome. PubMed ID: 25944712

APEX Fingerprinting Reveals the Subcellular Localization of Proteins of Interest. PubMed ID: 27184847

Biosynthesis of prostaglandin 15dPGJ2 -glutathione and 15dPGJ2-cysteine conjugates in macrophages and mast cells via MGST3. PubMed ID: 36370807