Details for: TRAJ21

Gene ID: 28734

Symbol: TRAJ21

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000211868

Description: T cell receptor alpha joining 21

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: thymocyte (CL0000893)
    Fold Change: 1.4320
    Cell Significance Index: 18.0900
  • Cell Name: innate lymphoid cell (CL0001065)
    Fold Change: 0.1631
    Cell Significance Index: 2.0900
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: 0.0507
    Cell Significance Index: 1.1100
  • Cell Name: mature NK T cell (CL0000814)
    Fold Change: 0.0346
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3900
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0009
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3100
  • Cell Name: lymphocyte (CL0000542)
    Fold Change: -0.0016
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0200
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0020
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4000
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000810)
    Fold Change: -0.0035
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0600
  • Cell Name: mature alpha-beta T cell (CL0000791)
    Fold Change: -0.0037
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0200
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.0070
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3100
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.0093
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3500
  • Cell Name: T cell (CL0000084)
    Fold Change: -0.0152
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1800
  • Cell Name: obsolete animal cell (CL0000548)
    Fold Change: -0.0166
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1700
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000811)
    Fold Change: -0.0176
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1600
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: -0.0191
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3500
  • Cell Name: fibroblast (CL0000057)
    Fold Change: -0.0197
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1800
  • Cell Name: myeloid cell (CL0000763)
    Fold Change: -0.0215
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2900
  • Cell Name: glutamatergic neuron (CL0000679)
    Fold Change: -0.0248
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2700
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000625)
    Fold Change: -0.0253
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2400
  • Cell Name: alpha-beta T cell (CL0000789)
    Fold Change: -0.0254
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2200
  • Cell Name: plasma cell (CL0000786)
    Fold Change: -0.0260
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2900
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell (CL0000909)
    Fold Change: -0.0261
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2600
  • Cell Name: regular atrial cardiac myocyte (CL0002129)
    Fold Change: -0.0265
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3600
  • Cell Name: mural cell (CL0008034)
    Fold Change: -0.0267
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3300
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.0268
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3200
  • Cell Name: B cell (CL0000236)
    Fold Change: -0.0288
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3400
  • Cell Name: regular ventricular cardiac myocyte (CL0002131)
    Fold Change: -0.0295
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3800
  • Cell Name: adipocyte (CL0000136)
    Fold Change: -0.0296
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3900
  • Cell Name: natural killer cell (CL0000623)
    Fold Change: -0.0321
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3600
  • Cell Name: naive B cell (CL0000788)
    Fold Change: -0.0328
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3500
  • Cell Name: podocyte (CL0000653)
    Fold Change: -0.0330
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3800
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: -0.0335
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3200
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive helper T cell (CL0000492)
    Fold Change: -0.0337
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3400
  • Cell Name: dendritic cell (CL0000451)
    Fold Change: -0.0339
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4400
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
    Fold Change: -0.0347
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4300
  • Cell Name: naive thymus-derived CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000900)
    Fold Change: -0.0361
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3600
  • Cell Name: regulatory T cell (CL0000815)
    Fold Change: -0.0371
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4300
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell (CL0000897)
    Fold Change: -0.0375
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3600
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000624)
    Fold Change: -0.0396
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3700
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell (CL0000934)
    Fold Change: -0.0413
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3800
  • Cell Name: central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000904)
    Fold Change: -0.0422
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3700
  • Cell Name: naive thymus-derived CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000895)
    Fold Change: -0.0429
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3700
  • Cell Name: mature gamma-delta T cell (CL0000800)
    Fold Change: -0.0434
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3600
  • Cell Name: retinal ganglion cell (CL0000740)
    Fold Change: -0.0443
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3700
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-alpha-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000915)
    Fold Change: -0.0458
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3900
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001106)
    Fold Change: -0.0527
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4800
  • Cell Name: alveolar macrophage (CL0000583)
    Fold Change: -0.0543
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of proximal tubule (CL0002306)
    Fold Change: -0.0547
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4200

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** TA RJ21 is a gene that encodes a protein with a unique structure and function. It is characterized by its ability to join the T cell receptor alpha chain (TCRα) to the gamma chain, forming a functional TCR complex. This process is crucial for the proper maturation and function of T cells, which are central to cell-mediated immunity. TRAJ21 is expressed in various cell types, including CD8-positive and CD4-positive T cells, alpha-beta T cells, and B cells. Its expression is also observed in innate lymphoid cells and natural killer T cells, highlighting its role in regulating immune responses. **Pathways and Functions:** TA RJ21 plays a critical role in the development and function of T cells. The TCR complex formed by TRAJ21 and TCRα is essential for recognizing and responding to antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. This interaction triggers a series of downstream signaling events that regulate T cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation. TRAJ21 also influences the function of other immune cells, such as natural killer T cells and B cells, which are involved in the regulation of immune responses and tissue homeostasis. **Mechanisms of Action:** The mechanisms of TRAJ21-mediated T cell activation involve the assembly of the TCR complex with other co-receptors, such as CD4 and CD8, and the engagement of MHC molecules. This interaction triggers the activation of downstream signaling pathways, including the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. These pathways regulate T cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation, and are critical for the development of adaptive immunity. **Clinical Significance:** TA RJ21 has significant implications for our understanding of immune dysfunction and disease. Dysregulation of TRAJ21 expression has been implicated in various immune-related disorders, including autoimmune diseases, cancer, and infectious diseases. For example, alterations in TRAJ21 expression have been observed in patients with multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis. Additionally, TRAJ21 has been identified as a potential target for immunotherapy in cancer treatment, where it may be exploited to enhance T cell responses against tumor antigens. In conclusion, TRAJ21 is a gene of ongoing research in immunology, with significant implications for our understanding of immune function and dysfunction. Further studies are needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms of TRAJ21-mediated T cell activation and its role in regulating immune responses. However, the current evidence highlights the importance of TRAJ21 in maintaining immune homeostasis and regulating immune responses, making it a promising target for the development of novel immunotherapies.

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.