Details for: BAIAP2L2

Gene ID: 80115

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: BAIAP2L2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000128298

Description: BAR/IMD domain containing adaptor protein 2 like 2

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • adipocyte CL0000136
    CSI 13.02
    rCSI 16.72%
    PRS 86.61
  • enteroendocrine cell CL0000164
    CSI 6.46
    rCSI 8.82%
    PRS 91.55
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 6.45
    rCSI 6.22%
    PRS 90.43
  • paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine CL1000343
    CSI 5.99
    rCSI 16.79%
    PRS 95.19
  • melanocyte CL0000148
    CSI 5.53
    rCSI 4.1%
    PRS 90.95
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 5.19
    rCSI 11.65%
    PRS 83.61
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 4.82
    rCSI 9.68%
    PRS 88.75
  • colonocyte CL1000347
    CSI 4.44
    rCSI 6.37%
    PRS 91.71
  • inhibitory interneuron CL0000498
    CSI 3.82
    rCSI 8.81%
    PRS 86.33
  • goblet cell CL0000160
    CSI 3.79
    rCSI 3.58%
    PRS 91.37
  • small intestine goblet cell CL1000495
    CSI 3.13
    rCSI 6.85%
    PRS 94.76
  • contractile cell CL0000183
    CSI 3.01
    rCSI 8.88%
    PRS 93.05
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI 2.94
    rCSI 9.21%
    PRS 86.14
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 2.94
    rCSI 2.61%
    PRS 91.4
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 2.91
    rCSI 3.42%
    PRS 93.4
  • type L enteroendocrine cell CL0002279
    CSI 2.88
    rCSI 5.4%
    PRS 94.2
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 2.65
    rCSI 4.68%
    PRS 82.65
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 2.55
    rCSI 2.67%
    PRS 91.37
  • retinal pigment epithelial cell CL0002586
    CSI 2.52
    rCSI 5.01%
    PRS 90.69
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 2.35
    rCSI 2.92%
    PRS 92.84
  • neural cell CL0002319
    CSI 2.27
    rCSI 8.57%
    PRS 81.3
  • enterocyte CL0000584
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 3.55%
    PRS 90.75
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 2.12
    rCSI 2.22%
    PRS 91.4
  • intestinal tuft cell CL0019032
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 3.22%
    PRS 94.4
  • colon goblet cell CL0009039
    CSI 2.01
    rCSI 4.79%
    PRS 94.4
  • cardiac neuron CL0010022
    CSI 1.95
    rCSI 6.25%
    PRS 92.63
  • enteroendocrine cell of small intestine CL0009006
    CSI 1.95
    rCSI 4.29%
    PRS 94.9
  • epithelial cell of proximal tubule CL0002306
    CSI 1.93
    rCSI 4.71%
    PRS 88.37
  • Schwann cell CL0002573
    CSI 1.84
    rCSI 5.24%
    PRS 90.57
  • brush cell CL0002204
    CSI 1.74
    rCSI 3.44%
    PRS 95.06
  • indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029
    CSI 1.69
    rCSI 40.83%
    PRS 81.13
  • direct pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023026
    CSI 1.63
    rCSI 38.98%
    PRS 81.12
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 1.51
    rCSI 3.68%
    PRS 81.21
  • central nervous system neuron CL2000029
    CSI 1.41
    rCSI 10.35%
    PRS 87.2
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 1.35
    rCSI 2.17%
    PRS 84.35
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 1.31
    rCSI 2.19%
    PRS 83.35
  • transit amplifying cell CL0009010
    CSI 1.27
    rCSI 1.94%
    PRS 95.77
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 3.96%
    PRS 81.52
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 0.99
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 84.34
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 0.94
    rCSI 2.08%
    PRS 85.05
  • blood vessel smooth muscle cell CL0019018
    CSI 0.86
    rCSI 7.01%
    PRS 92.02
  • enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine CL0002071
    CSI 0.76
    rCSI 4.02%
    PRS 94.52
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 0.75
    rCSI 2.84%
    PRS 83.44
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 0.53
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 83.7

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.
Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [BAIAP2L2](/details-gene/80115), or BAR/IMD domain containing adaptor protein 2 like 2, is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 22q13.1. Functionally, [BAIAP2L2](/details-gene/80115) is an adaptor protein implicated in the organization of the actin cytoskeleton and plasma membrane dynamics. Its molecular roles include [actin crosslink formation](/details-cell/GO:0051764), [phospholipid binding](/details-cell/GO:0005543), and involvement in [Signaling by rho gtpases](/details-cell/R-HSA-194315). Expression data reveals its highest significance in [adipocyte](/details-cell/CL0000136)s, suggesting a primary role in fat cell biology. Additionally, it shows prominent expression across various specialized epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract, including [enteroendocrine cell](/details-cell/CL0000164)s and [paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine](/details-cell/CL1000343), indicating a key function in intestinal homeostasis and secretion. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [BAIAP2L2](/details-gene/80115) points to highly specialized roles in metabolic and epithelial tissues. **Overall**, the gene's most significant expression is observed in [adipocyte](/details-cell/CL0000136)s (CSI: 13.02), where it is a defining marker. This suggests a critical function related to adipocyte-specific processes, such as lipid storage, trafficking, or insulin signaling, which are heavily dependent on cytoskeletal architecture. Beyond adipocytes, [BAIAP2L2](/details-gene/80115) demonstrates a strong and consistent signal within the intestinal epithelium. It is highly significant in multiple secretory and absorptive cell types, including [enteroendocrine cell](/details-cell/CL0000164)s (CSI: 6.46), [paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine](/details-cell/CL1000343) (CSI: 5.99), [colonocyte](/details-cell/CL1000347)s (CSI: 4.44), and various [goblet cell](/details-cell/CL0000160) populations. This pattern is consistent with research identifying it as an epithelial-specific BAR domain protein involved in generating planar membrane structures, a process crucial for the complex architecture and secretory functions of the gut lining ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/nsmb.2079)). A secondary expression signature is noted in the central nervous system, with moderate significance in cells like [astrocyte of the cerebral cortex](/details-cell/CL0002605) (CSI: 5.19) and [interneuron](/details-cell/CL0000099)s (CSI: 4.82). The absence of high expression in hematopoietic or canonical immune cell types suggests that its primary roles are outside of systemic immunity, focusing instead on structural and metabolic cell biology. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The functional annotations for [BAIAP2L2](/details-gene/80115) are centered on the dynamic regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and its interface with cellular membranes. As a BAR domain-containing protein, it is intrinsically linked to sensing or inducing membrane curvature, a function critical for vesicle formation, endocytosis, and cell motility. Key biological processes associated with [BAIAP2L2](/details-gene/80115) include [Actin filament bundle assembly](/details-cell/GO:0051017) and [Positive regulation of actin filament polymerization](/details-cell/GO:0030838). These activities are essential for maintaining cell shape, facilitating intracellular transport, and enabling secretory processes, which aligns with its high expression in secretory intestinal cells. Its localization to the [plasma membrane](/details-cell/GO:0005886) and [cell-cell contact zone](/details-cell/GO:0044291)s further supports a role in maintaining epithelial barrier integrity and cell adhesion. Mechanistically, these functions are integrated within broader signaling networks, most notably the [Rho gtpase cycle](/details-cell/R-HSA-9012999). Rho GTPases are master regulators of the actin cytoskeleton, and [BAIAP2L2](/details-gene/80115)'s involvement in this pathway suggests it acts as an effector or scaffold, translating upstream signals into changes in cell morphology and membrane dynamics. ## Research Directions The specific expression pattern and established molecular functions of [BAIAP2L2](/details-gene/80115) provide a foundation for several testable hypotheses regarding its role in physiology and disease. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its premier significance in [adipocyte](/details-cell/CL0000136)s and its role in actin/membrane organization, [BAIAP2L2](/details-gene/80115) may be a critical regulator of lipid droplet biogenesis, growth, and/or trafficking. It could mediate the interaction between lipid droplets and the actin-cortical network, influencing lipid storage capacity and mobilization. 2. In the intestinal epithelium, the high expression of [BAIAP2L2](/details-gene/80115) in secretory cells like [goblet cell](/details-cell/CL0000160)s and [paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine](/details-cell/CL1000343) suggests it is essential for the exocytosis of specialized vesicles, such as mucin granules or antimicrobial peptides. Its dysfunction could therefore compromise the intestinal mucosal barrier. **Experimental Approach:** To test the first hypothesis regarding its role in adipocytes, a targeted experimental approach could be employed. CRISPR-Cas9 could be used to knock out [BAIAP2L2](/details-gene/80115) in a human pre-adipocyte cell line. Following differentiation into mature adipocytes, the impact on lipid metabolism would be assessed. Quantitative imaging of lipid droplets using dyes like Bodipy would reveal changes in droplet number, size, and distribution. Furthermore, functional assays such as stimulated lipolysis could be performed to determine if [BAIAP2L2](/details-gene/80115) is required for efficient release of stored fatty acids. **Therapeutic Potential:** The high specificity of [BAIAP2L2](/details-gene/80115) for adipocytes makes it an intriguing potential therapeutic target for metabolic diseases. If it proves to be a key facilitator of lipid storage, developing small-molecule inhibitors could represent a strategy to limit adipocyte hypertrophy in the context of obesity and type 2 diabetes. The therapeutic strategy would focus on **inhibition**. However, its significant role in the gut epithelium would need to be carefully evaluated to avoid potential on-target adverse effects related to compromised intestinal barrier function.

Genular Protein ID: 1103658746

Symbol: BI2L2_HUMAN

Name: Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1-associated protein 2-like protein 2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q6UXY1 B0QYE2 Q96BG7

Database IDs:

ABCD 1 AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 2 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 4 Ensembl 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 13 Gene3D 2 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 InterPro 7 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 3 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 2 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 12975309

Title: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment.

PubMed ID: 12975309

DOI: 10.1101/gr.1293003

PubMed ID: 10591208

Title: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22.

PubMed ID: 10591208

DOI: 10.1038/990031

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 21743456

Title: Pinkbar is an epithelial-specific BAR domain protein that generates planar membrane structures.

PubMed ID: 21743456

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.2079

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 529
  • Mass: 58987
  • Checksum: A9D16724F6FCE118
  • Sequence:
    • MAPEMDQFYR STMAIYKSIM EQFNPALENL VYLGNNYLRA FHALSEAAEV YFSAIQKIGE 
RALQSPTSQI LGEILVQMSD TQRHLNSDLE VVVQTFHGGL LQHMEKNTKL DMQFIKDSRQ 
HYELEYRHRA ANLEKCMSEL WRMERKRDKN VREMKESVNR LHAQMQAFVS ESQRAAELEE 
KRRYRFLAEK HLLLSNTFLQ FFGRARGMLQ NRVLLWKEQS EASRSPSRAH SPGLLGPALG 
PPYPSGRLTP TCLDMPPRPL GEFSSPRSRH GSGSYGTEPD ARPASQLEPD RRSLPRTPSA 
SSLYSGSAQS SRSNSFGERP GGGGGARRVR ALVSHSEGAN HTLLRFSAGD VVEVLVPEAQ 
NGWLYGKLEG SSASGWFPEA YVKALEEGPV NPMTPVTPMT SMTSMSPMTP MNPGNELPSR 
SYPLRGSHSL DDLLDRPGNS IAPSEYWDGQ SRSRTPSRVP SRAPSPAPPP LPSSRRSSMG 
STAVATDVKK LMSSEQYPPQ ELFPRGTNPF ATVKLRPTIT NDRSAPLIR