Details for: LRRN1

Gene ID: 57633

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: LRRN1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000175928

Description: leucine rich repeat neuronal 1

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor CL4023059
    CSI 14.67
    rCSI 26.65%
    PRS 90.68
  • oligodendrocyte precursor cell CL0002453
    CSI 12.67
    rCSI 27.87%
    PRS 81.04
  • macroglial cell CL0000126
    CSI 4.95
    rCSI 12.72%
    PRS 91.68
  • inhibitory interneuron CL0000498
    CSI 4.67
    rCSI 10.78%
    PRS 88.5
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 4.44
    rCSI 3.51%
    PRS 90.44
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 4.38
    rCSI 4.57%
    PRS 94.02
  • radial glial cell CL0000681
    CSI 4.15
    rCSI 5.76%
    PRS 93.48
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 3.81
    rCSI 7.65%
    PRS 91.08
  • Mueller cell CL0000636
    CSI 3.64
    rCSI 8.31%
    PRS 90.49
  • neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031
    CSI 3.22
    rCSI 4.13%
    PRS 91.95
  • glial cell CL0000125
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 11.79%
    PRS 89.96
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 3.07
    rCSI 3.81%
    PRS 84.3
  • respiratory basal cell CL0002633
    CSI 3.02
    rCSI 3.13%
    PRS 95.75
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI 2.96
    rCSI 9.25%
    PRS 88.76
  • ependymal cell CL0000065
    CSI 2.92
    rCSI 5.92%
    PRS 81.13
  • retinal pigment epithelial cell CL0002586
    CSI 2.91
    rCSI 5.77%
    PRS 92.39
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 2.88
    rCSI 7%
    PRS 84.55
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 2.74
    rCSI 3.53%
    PRS 87.3
  • cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron CL0010011
    CSI 2.72
    rCSI 8.04%
    PRS 94.6
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 2.69
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 92.41
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 2.65
    rCSI 3.06%
    PRS 89.06
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 2.65
    rCSI 3.16%
    PRS 86.38
  • nasal mucosa goblet cell CL0002480
    CSI 2.61
    rCSI 3.03%
    PRS 94.5
  • cerebellar granule cell CL0001031
    CSI 2.56
    rCSI 3.76%
    PRS 91.45
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 2.55
    rCSI 5.72%
    PRS 86.47
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 2.52
    rCSI 4.44%
    PRS 85.81
  • glioblast CL0000030
    CSI 2.39
    rCSI 3.81%
    PRS 89.27
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 2.21
    rCSI 3.71%
    PRS 86.46
  • L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030059
    CSI 2.13
    rCSI 4.63%
    PRS 86.34
  • basal cell CL0000646
    CSI 2.11
    rCSI 2.82%
    PRS 92.59
  • Bergmann glial cell CL0000644
    CSI 2.11
    rCSI 2.89%
    PRS 89.5
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 1.85
    rCSI 2.53%
    PRS 90.28
  • midbrain dopaminergic neuron CL2000097
    CSI 1.81
    rCSI 11.56%
    PRS 89.49
  • neural cell CL0002319
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 6.78%
    PRS 84.32
  • club cell CL0000158
    CSI 1.78
    rCSI 2.61%
    PRS 92
  • glutamatergic neuron CL0000679
    CSI 1.75
    rCSI 3.6%
    PRS 85.92
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 1.64
    rCSI 2.64%
    PRS 87.25
  • L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030063
    CSI 1.63
    rCSI 3.89%
    PRS 87.39
  • amacrine cell CL0000561
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 4.65%
    PRS 88.91
  • neural progenitor cell CL0011020
    CSI 1.54
    rCSI 6.76%
    PRS 86.21
  • starburst amacrine cell CL0004232
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 12.63%
    PRS 83.38
  • neuron CL0000540
    CSI 1.39
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 85.28
  • direct pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023026
    CSI 1.36
    rCSI 32.57%
    PRS 84.16
  • indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029
    CSI 1.35
    rCSI 32.46%
    PRS 83.99
  • cerebral cortex pyramidal neuron CL4023111
    CSI 1.25
    rCSI 7.68%
    PRS 94.09
  • neuroplacodal cell CL0000032
    CSI 1.18
    rCSI 10.91%
    PRS 90.98
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 3.45%
    PRS 87.34
  • GABAergic neuron CL0000617
    CSI 1.07
    rCSI 3.59%
    PRS 84.77
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 1.02
    rCSI 2.26%
    PRS 87.59
  • diffuse bipolar 1 cell CL4033027
    CSI 0.92
    rCSI 6.92%
    PRS 85.57
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 0.91
    rCSI 3.28%
    PRS 84.82
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 0.81
    rCSI 3.05%
    PRS 86.52
  • central nervous system neuron CL2000029
    CSI 0.62
    rCSI 4.55%
    PRS 89.61
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 0.37
    rCSI 2.15%
    PRS 86.82

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.
Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [LRRN1](/details-gene/57633) (Leucine Rich Repeat Neuronal 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 3p26.2. It encodes a member of the leucine-rich repeat superfamily, which is often involved in protein-protein interactions and cell signaling. Functional annotations suggest [LRRN1](/details-gene/57633) is a membrane-associated or secreted protein that plays a role in the positive regulation of synapse assembly ([GO:0051965](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0051965)). Expression data highlights its significant and specific role within the central nervous system, with particularly high significance in glial precursor cells, such as [differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor](/details-cell/CL4023059)s and [oligodendrocyte precursor cell](/details-cell/CL0002453)s, as well as in specific neuronal subtypes like [inhibitory interneuron](/details-cell/CL0000498)s. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [LRRN1](/details-gene/57633) strongly points to a specialized function in the developing and mature central nervous system. **Overall**, the gene shows the highest significance in cells of the glial lineage. It is a top marker for both [differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor](/details-cell/CL4023059) (CSI: 14.67) and [oligodendrocyte precursor cell](/details-cell/CL0002453) (CSI: 12.67), suggesting a critical role in oligodendrocyte development, myelination, or repair. Its high significance in broader categories like [macroglial cell](/details-cell/CL0000126) and [glial cell](/details-cell/CL0000125) further supports its importance within this cellular compartment. In addition to its role in glia, [LRRN1](/details-gene/57633) is also significantly expressed in several neuronal populations. It is a notable marker for [inhibitory interneuron](/details-cell/CL0000498)s and more specific subtypes like [pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023018). This expression pattern, combined with its annotated function in synapse assembly, suggests it may be involved in the formation or maintenance of specific inhibitory circuits in the brain. The gene's significance in developmental cells such as [neural crest cell](/details-cell/CL0011012), [radial glial cell](/details-cell/CL0000681), and [neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata)](/details-cell/CL0000031) underscores a potential role during neurogenesis and gliogenesis. The initial characterization of this gene from brain-derived cDNA libraries is consistent with this neural-centric expression profile [Link](https://doi.org/10.1093/dnares/7.2.143). ## Pathways and Molecular Function [LRRN1](/details-gene/57633) is annotated as an extracellular and membrane-bound protein, consistent with its function as a leucine-rich repeat protein involved in cell-cell or cell-matrix interactions. Its molecular function is broadly defined as protein binding ([GO:0005515](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005515)), which is the basis for its role in larger biological processes. The most specific functional annotation for [LRRN1](/details-gene/57633) is its involvement in the positive regulation of synapse assembly ([GO:0051965](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0051965)). This function aligns perfectly with its high expression in [inhibitory interneuron](/details-cell/CL0000498)s, where it may act as a synaptogenic factor to guide the formation of inhibitory connections. Concurrently, in the context of [oligodendrocyte precursor cell](/details-cell/CL0002453)s, its cell-surface localization may mediate the complex interactions required for these cells to migrate, recognize axons, and initiate myelination, a process that shares molecular machinery with synapse formation. ## Research Directions The specific expression of [LRRN1](/details-gene/57633) in both glial precursors and interneurons presents a compelling area for further investigation into nervous system development, plasticity, and disease. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. [LRRN1](/details-gene/57633), acting as a cell-surface protein, is essential for the timely differentiation of [oligodendrocyte precursor cell](/details-cell/CL0002453)s into myelinating oligodendrocytes, and its dysregulation contributes to impaired remyelination in demyelinating diseases. 2. In cortical circuits, [LRRN1](/details-gene/57633) functions as a specific adhesion molecule that mediates the formation and/or stabilization of synapses between [pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023018)s and their postsynaptic partners. **Experimental Approach:** To test the first hypothesis regarding its role in myelination, a conditional knockout mouse model could be generated (e.g., *Lrrn1fl/fl;Olig2-Cre*). These mice would lack [LRRN1](/details-gene/57633) specifically in the oligodendrocyte lineage. The functional consequences could be assessed by inducing demyelination using the cuprizone model. Subsequent analysis of remyelination via immunohistochemistry for myelin proteins (e.g., MBP) and electron microscopy to quantify myelinated axons would reveal if [LRRN1](/details-gene/57633) is necessary for efficient myelin repair. **Therapeutic Potential:** Given its high expression in [oligodendrocyte precursor cell](/details-cell/CL0002453)s and its putative role in promoting their differentiation, [LRRN1](/details-gene/57633) presents an attractive therapeutic target for demyelinating disorders such as multiple sclerosis. As a cell-surface protein, it is accessible to biologic drugs. A therapeutic strategy would likely focus on **activation** or agonism of [LRRN1](/details-gene/57633) signaling, potentially through a recombinant protein or an agonistic antibody, to stimulate endogenous oligodendrocyte precursor cells to differentiate and remyelinate damaged axons.

Genular Protein ID: 58831511

Symbol: LRRN1_HUMAN

Name: Leucine-rich repeat neuronal protein 1

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q6UXK5 Q3LID5 Q8IYV5 Q9H8V1 Q9P231

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 CarbonylDB 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 5 Ensembl 1 GO 4 Gene3D 2 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 13 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRO 1 PROSITE 3 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 RefSeq 3 SMART 5 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 3 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 10819331

Title: Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XVII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro.

PubMed ID: 10819331

DOI: 10.1093/dnares/7.2.143

PubMed ID: 12880961

Title: Neuroblastoma oligo-capping cDNA project: toward the understanding of the genesis and biology of neuroblastoma.

PubMed ID: 12880961

DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(03)00085-5

PubMed ID: 12975309

Title: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment.

PubMed ID: 12975309

DOI: 10.1101/gr.1293003

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15340161

Title: Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites.

PubMed ID: 15340161

DOI: 10.1110/ps.04682504

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 716
  • Mass: 80716
  • Checksum: A6B84D3C7464799C
  • Sequence:
    • MARMSFVIAA CQLVLGLLMT SLTESSIQNS ECPQLCVCEI RPWFTPQSTY REATTVDCND 
LRLTRIPSNL SSDTQVLLLQ SNNIAKTVDE LQQLFNLTEL DFSQNNFTNI KEVGLANLTQ 
LTTLHLEENQ ITEMTDYCLQ DLSNLQELYI NHNQISTISA HAFAGLKNLL RLHLNSNKLK 
VIDSRWFDST PNLEILMIGE NPVIGILDMN FKPLANLRSL VLAGMYLTDI PGNALVGLDS 
LESLSFYDNK LVKVPQLALQ KVPNLKFLDL NKNPIHKIQE GDFKNMLRLK ELGINNMGEL 
VSVDRYALDN LPELTKLEAT NNPKLSYIHR LAFRSVPALE SLMLNNNALN AIYQKTVESL 
PNLREISIHS NPLRCDCVIH WINSNKTNIR FMEPLSMFCA MPPEYKGHQV KEVLIQDSSE 
QCLPMISHDS FPNRLNVDIG TTVFLDCRAM AEPEPEIYWV TPIGNKITVE TLSDKYKLSS 
EGTLEISNIQ IEDSGRYTCV AQNVQGADTR VATIKVNGTL LDGTQVLKIY VKQTESHSIL 
VSWKVNSNVM TSNLKWSSAT MKIDNPHITY TARVPVDVHE YNLTHLQPST DYEVCLTVSN 
IHQQTQKSCV NVTTKNAAFA VDISDQETST ALAAVMGSMF AVISLASIAV YFAKRFKRKN 
YHHSLKKYMQ KTSSIPLNEL YPPLINLWEG DSEKDKDGSA DTKPTQVDTS RSYYMW

Genular Protein ID: 531491869

Symbol: A8K6Q2_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

A8K6Q2

Database IDs:

ARBA 6 AlphaFoldDB 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 2 GO 3 Gene3D 2 InterPro 13 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PROSITE 5 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 RefSeq 1 SAM 3 SMART 5 SUPFAM 3

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 716
  • Mass: 80689
  • Checksum: BC914D3C6E4D7245
  • Sequence:
    • MARMSFVIAA CQLVLGLLMT SLTESSIQNS ECPQLCVCEI RPWFTPQSTY REATTVDCND 
LRLTRIPSNL SSDTQVLLLQ SNNIAKTVDE LQQLFNLTEL DFSQNNFTNI KEVGLANLTQ 
LTTLHLEENQ ITEMTDYCLQ DLSNLQELYI NHNQISTISA HAFAGLKNLL RLHLNSNKLK 
VIDSRWFDST PNLEILMIGE NPVIGILDMN FKPLANLRSL VLAGMYLTDI PGNALVGLDS 
LESLSFYDNK LVKVPQLALQ KVPNLKFLDL NKNPIHKIQE GDFKNMLRLK ELGINNMGEL 
VSVDRYALDN LPELTKLEAT NNPKLSYIHR LAFRSVPALE SLMLNNNALN AIYQKTVESL 
PNLREISIHS NPLRCDCVIH WINSNKTNIR FMEPLSMFCA MPPEYKGHQV KEVLIQDSSE 
QCLPMISHDS FPNRLNVDIG TTVFLDCRAM AEPEPEIYWV TPIGNKITVE TLSDKYKLSS 
EGTLEISNIQ IEDSGRYTCV AQNVQGADTR VATIKVNGTL LDGTQVLKIY VKQTESHSIL 
VSWKVNSNVM TSNLKWSSAT MKIDNPHITY TARVPVDVHE YSLTHLQPST DYEVCLTVSN 
IHQQTQKSCV NVTTKNAAFA VDISDQETST ALAAVMGSMF AVISLASIAV YFAKRFKRKN 
YHHSLKKYMQ KTSSIPLNEL YPPLINLWEG DSEKDKDGSA DTKPTQVDTS RSYYMW