Details for: AKTIP

Gene ID: 64400

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: AKTIP

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000166971

Description: AKT interacting protein

Cell Significance Landscape

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • progenitor cell CL0011026
    CSI 9.93
    rCSI 21.12%
    PRS 82.42
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 9.25
    rCSI 8.14%
    PRS 78.97
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000810
    CSI 4.93
    rCSI 3.95%
    PRS 94.69
  • type B pancreatic cell CL0000169
    CSI 4.86
    rCSI 10.76%
    PRS 88.09
  • rod bipolar cell CL0000751
    CSI 4.17
    rCSI 7.5%
    PRS 82.72
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 4
    rCSI 8.03%
    PRS 81.2
  • CD8-positive, CD28-negative, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000920
    CSI 3.48
    rCSI 6.94%
    PRS 95.29
  • naive T cell CL0000898
    CSI 3.4
    rCSI 2.37%
    PRS 96.93
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 3.08
    rCSI 3.08%
    PRS 82.4
  • ON-bipolar cell CL0000749
    CSI 3.04
    rCSI 4.52%
    PRS 87.33
  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 3
    rCSI 2.33%
    PRS 91.06
  • ionocyte CL0005006
    CSI 2.86
    rCSI 3.07%
    PRS 89.85
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 2.84
    rCSI 6.28%
    PRS 76.5
  • central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000904
    CSI 2.77
    rCSI 1.63%
    PRS 97.76
  • CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000792
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 2.65%
    PRS 96.64
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 2.64
    rCSI 5.92%
    PRS 74.29
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 2.53
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 89.21
  • pulmonary ionocyte CL0017000
    CSI 2.48
    rCSI 3.01%
    PRS 92.4
  • myofibroblast cell CL0000186
    CSI 2.47
    rCSI 3.42%
    PRS 84.67
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 2.46
    rCSI 2.93%
    PRS 73.79
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 2.24
    rCSI 2.89%
    PRS 74.77
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 2.22
    rCSI 2.32%
    PRS 85.64
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 2.12
    rCSI 3.39%
    PRS 90.99
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 2.11
    rCSI 3.39%
    PRS 74.8
  • syncytiotrophoblast cell CL0000525
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 6.04%
    PRS 90.38
  • cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron CL0010011
    CSI 2.06
    rCSI 6.07%
    PRS 88.74
  • club cell CL0000158
    CSI 2.04
    rCSI 2.99%
    PRS 83.42
  • OFF-bipolar cell CL0000750
    CSI 2.01
    rCSI 2.74%
    PRS 87.57
  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 2
    rCSI 2.47%
    PRS 86.62
  • retina horizontal cell CL0000745
    CSI 1.96
    rCSI 2.99%
    PRS 85.24
  • retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748
    CSI 1.92
    rCSI 3.6%
    PRS 78.73
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 1.91
    rCSI 2.37%
    PRS 71.45
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 1.81
    rCSI 2.79%
    PRS 86.76
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 1.76
    rCSI 2.03%
    PRS 82.05
  • glioblast CL0000030
    CSI 1.63
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 80.38
  • effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001044
    CSI 1.61
    rCSI 4.63%
    PRS 97.85
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 2.82%
    PRS 73.17
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 8.8%
    PRS 74.16
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 1.39
    rCSI 2.24%
    PRS 79.89
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 1.01
    rCSI 2.46%
    PRS 71.41
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 1.01
    rCSI 3.81%
    PRS 73.95
  • microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell CL0008035
    CSI 0.83
    rCSI 2.41%
    PRS 87.28
  • forebrain radial glial cell CL0013000
    CSI 0.77
    rCSI 2.46%
    PRS 88.29
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 0.72
    rCSI 2.26%
    PRS 75.11
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 2.14%
    PRS 71.64
  • cytotoxic T cell CL0000910
    CSI 0.26
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 88.33

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.
Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [AKTIP](/details-gene/64400), or AKT interacting protein, is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 16q12.2. Functionally, it is implicated in fundamental cellular processes including the regulation of apoptosis, protein phosphorylation, and intracellular trafficking, particularly endosomal and lysosomal transport ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1128/mcb.24.4.1493-1504.2004), [Link](https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e08-05-0473)). Its molecular activities include protein binding and ubiquitin-like protein transferase functions. **Overall**, expression data reveals its high significance in a diverse array of cell types, most notably in [progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0011026)s and [ciliated epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0000067)s, suggesting a widespread role in cellular maintenance, differentiation, and specialized functions rather than being a lineage-specific marker. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [AKTIP](/details-gene/64400) highlights its importance across multiple, functionally distinct cellular systems. * **Progenitor and Differentiating Cells:** The gene shows its highest significance in [progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0011026)s (CSI: 9.93). This, combined with its role in regulating apoptosis, suggests a critical function in controlling cell survival and fate decisions during development and tissue homeostasis. * **Epithelial Tissues:** [AKTIP](/details-gene/64400) is a highly significant gene in several epithelial cell types, particularly those with cilia, such as [ciliated epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0000067) (CSI: 9.25), [multi-ciliated epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0005012) (CSI: 3.08), and [epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract](/details-cell/CL0002632) (CSI: 3.00). This pattern is consistent with its known role in endosomal transport, a process crucial for the assembly and maintenance of cilia and other complex cellular structures. * **Immune System:** The gene is significantly expressed in various T lymphocyte populations, including [CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte](/details-cell/CL0000810) (CSI: 4.93) and multiple regulatory T cell subsets. This suggests its involvement in T cell development in the thymus, potentially during positive and negative selection events, as well as in the function of mature T cells in the periphery. * **Nervous System:** A notable expression is observed in specialized retinal neurons, such as [rod bipolar cell](/details-cell/CL0000751) (CSI: 4.17), [interneuron](/details-cell/CL0000099) (CSI: 4.00), and [ON-bipolar cell](/details-cell/CL0000749) (CSI: 3.04). This points to a potential role in neuronal signal processing or maintenance, likely through its function in intracellular protein transport. The broad but significant expression in these diverse cell types underscores a role for [AKTIP](/details-gene/64400) in conserved, fundamental cellular machinery that is leveraged for specialized functions in different tissues. ## Pathways and Molecular Function Functional annotations reveal that [AKTIP](/details-gene/64400) is a multi-functional protein involved in several core cellular pathways. * **Endo-lysosomal Trafficking:** A predominant theme is its involvement in vesicle-mediated transport, including [early endosome to late endosome transport](/details-cell/GO:0045022), [endosome to lysosome transport](/details-cell/GO:0008333), and the organization of both [endosome](/details-cell/GO:0007032)s and [lysosome](/details-cell/GO:0007040)s. Research confirms its participation in the FTS-Hook-FHIP (FHF) complex, which is critical for endosomal clustering and perinuclear distribution of cargo like ATG9A ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e08-05-0473), [Link](https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e19-11-0658)). This function is consistent with its high expression in secretory and structurally complex cells like epithelial and neuronal cells. * **Apoptosis and Signaling:** As its name implies, [AKTIP](/details-gene/64400) (also known as Ft1) was identified as a modulator of the protein kinase B/Akt signaling pathway, a central regulator of cell survival ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1128/mcb.24.4.1493-1504.2004)). Its annotation in the [apoptotic process](/details-cell/GO:0006915) aligns with its high significance in cell populations that undergo programmed cell death, such as developing [CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte](/details-cell/CL0000810)s and [progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0011026)s. * **Protein Modification:** [AKTIP](/details-gene/64400) possesses [ubiquitin-like protein transferase activity](/details-cell/GO:0019787), including [Nedd8 transferase activity](/details-cell/GO:0019788). This suggests it may regulate the function, stability, or localization of target proteins through post-translational modification, adding another layer to its regulatory roles. ## Research Directions The diverse expression profile and multi-functional nature of [AKTIP](/details-gene/64400) present several avenues for future investigation. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its high significance in [progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0011026)s and its function as an AKT interactor involved in apoptosis, [AKTIP](/details-gene/64400) may act as a crucial switch that governs the balance between self-renewal and differentiation by modulating AKT-dependent survival signals in response to developmental cues. 2. The prominent expression in [ciliated epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0000067)s, combined with its role in the FHF complex for endosomal transport, suggests that [AKTIP](/details-gene/64400) is essential for ciliogenesis, specifically for trafficking key structural or signaling proteins to the base of the developing cilium. 3. Its expression across thymocytes and regulatory T cells indicates that [AKTIP](/details-gene/64400) could be involved in establishing immune tolerance by regulating the apoptotic threshold during T cell selection in the thymus. **Suggested Experimental Approach:** To test the hypothesis regarding its role in ciliogenesis (Hypothesis 2), one could utilize an *in vitro* model of human airway epithelium. A specific experimental plan would be to: 1. Generate an [AKTIP](/details-gene/64400) knockout in a human bronchial epithelial cell line using CRISPR-Cas9. 2. Culture both wild-type and knockout cells at an air-liquid interface to induce differentiation into a ciliated epithelium. 3. Assess the impact on ciliogenesis and ciliary function by quantifying the number and length of cilia via immunofluorescence microscopy (staining for acetylated tubulin) and analyzing ciliary beat frequency using high-speed video microscopy. **Therapeutic Potential:** As an interactor and modulator of the AKT pathway, which is frequently hyperactivated in cancer, [AKTIP](/details-gene/64400) represents a potential therapeutic target. However, its widespread expression in healthy, critical cell populations like progenitors and immune cells poses a significant risk for on-target toxicity with systemic inhibitors. A more viable strategy might involve developing agents that specifically disrupt the interaction of [AKTIP](/details-gene/64400) with oncogenic partners rather than inhibiting its global function. Such an approach could offer greater tumor specificity and a wider therapeutic window.

Genular Protein ID: 1269762492

Symbol: AKTIP_HUMAN

Name: Ft1

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q9H8T0 Q503B1 Q53H38

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CORUM 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 ComplexPortal 4 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 6 Ensembl 3 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 14 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 3 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 RefSeq 10 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 14749367

Title: Regulation of apoptosis by the Ft1 protein, a new modulator of protein kinase B/Akt.

PubMed ID: 14749367

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.24.4.1493-1504.2004

PubMed ID: 18799622

Title: An FTS/Hook/p107(FHIP) complex interacts with and promotes endosomal clustering by the homotypic vacuolar protein sorting complex.

PubMed ID: 18799622

DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e08-05-0473

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 32073997

Title: The FTS-Hook-FHIP (FHF) complex interacts with AP-4 to mediate perinuclear distribution of AP-4 and its cargo ATG9A.

PubMed ID: 32073997

DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e19-11-0658

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 292
  • Mass: 33128
  • Checksum: 3DD4E32980463324
  • Sequence:
    • MNPFWSMSTS SVRKRSEGEE KTLTGDVKTS PPRTAPKKQL PSIPKNALPI TKPTSPAPAA 
QSTNGTHASY GPFYLEYSLL AEFTLVVKQK LPGVYVQPSY RSALMWFGVI FIRHGLYQDG 
VFKFTVYIPD NYPDGDCPRL VFDIPVFHPL VDPTSGELDV KRAFAKWRRN HNHIWQVLMY 
ARRVFYKIDT ASPLNPEAAV LYEKDIQLFK SKVVDSVKVC TARLFDQPKI EDPYAISFSP 
WNPSVHDEAR EKMLTQKKPE EQHNKSVHVA GLSWVKPGSV QPFSKEEKTV AT