Details for: PFN1

Gene ID: 5216

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: PFN1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000108518

Description: profilin 1

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • CD16-positive, CD56-dim natural killer cell, human CL0000939
    CSI 131.83
    rCSI 87.86%
    PRS 7.8
  • CD16-negative, CD56-bright natural killer cell, human CL0000938
    CSI 125.49
    rCSI 94.1%
    PRS 8.35
  • hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037
    CSI 111
    rCSI 73.78%
    PRS 3.27
  • plasmacytoid dendritic cell, human CL0001058
    CSI 109.17
    rCSI 76.23%
    PRS 2.89
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 108.14
    rCSI 83.32%
    PRS 2.48
  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 106.15
    rCSI 85.83%
    PRS 2.69
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 105.94
    rCSI 91.73%
    PRS 3.07
  • central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000907
    CSI 105.2
    rCSI 70.87%
    PRS 3.34
  • CD4-positive helper T cell CL0000492
    CSI 102.87
    rCSI 77.82%
    PRS 3.85
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 98.6
    rCSI 89.04%
    PRS 2.42
  • naive thymus-derived CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000900
    CSI 95.61
    rCSI 67.15%
    PRS 8.4
  • elicited macrophage CL0000861
    CSI 95.27
    rCSI 87.47%
    PRS 3.12
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI 90.77
    rCSI 68.2%
    PRS 2.83
  • central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000904
    CSI 90.74
    rCSI 53.59%
    PRS 3.84
  • mucosal invariant T cell CL0000940
    CSI 90.65
    rCSI 73.25%
    PRS 7.13
  • double negative thymocyte CL0002489
    CSI 90.44
    rCSI 62.88%
    PRS 3.23
  • immature B cell CL0000816
    CSI 88.62
    rCSI 65.84%
    PRS 4.1
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 86.98
    rCSI 76.39%
    PRS 3.07
  • double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000809
    CSI 86.87
    rCSI 88.54%
    PRS 4
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 84.8
    rCSI 75.27%
    PRS 2.76
  • T-helper 17 cell CL0000899
    CSI 83.49
    rCSI 66.29%
    PRS 4.89
  • activated type II NK T cell CL0000931
    CSI 82
    rCSI 92.29%
    PRS 4.66
  • class switched memory B cell CL0000972
    CSI 79.82
    rCSI 59.59%
    PRS 4.66
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 78.24
    rCSI 81.77%
    PRS 2.95
  • precursor B cell CL0000817
    CSI 78.23
    rCSI 68.53%
    PRS 3.71
  • CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000792
    CSI 77.85
    rCSI 76.46%
    PRS 4.42
  • plasmablast CL0000980
    CSI 77.66
    rCSI 61.09%
    PRS 3.27
  • T follicular helper cell CL0002038
    CSI 77.22
    rCSI 57.79%
    PRS 4.51
  • M cell of gut CL0000682
    CSI 75.88
    rCSI 80.63%
    PRS 4.99
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 75.45
    rCSI 62.55%
    PRS 2.58
  • naive B cell CL0000788
    CSI 75.41
    rCSI 64.68%
    PRS 8.67
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 75.28
    rCSI 78.86%
    PRS 2.57
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 74.79
    rCSI 72.12%
    PRS 1.08
  • mature T cell CL0002419
    CSI 74.68
    rCSI 58.09%
    PRS 3.99
  • effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001050
    CSI 74.31
    rCSI 56.52%
    PRS 3.67
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 72.16
    rCSI 69.46%
    PRS 2.87
  • fraction A pre-pro B cell CL0002045
    CSI 71.75
    rCSI 82.13%
    PRS 5.73
  • common dendritic progenitor CL0001029
    CSI 71.34
    rCSI 89.54%
    PRS 3.48
  • keratinocyte CL0000312
    CSI 71.15
    rCSI 59.64%
    PRS 3.31
  • memory B cell CL0000787
    CSI 67.37
    rCSI 66.53%
    PRS 12.21
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 66.68
    rCSI 55.22%
    PRS 2.75
  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 65.65
    rCSI 81.21%
    PRS 2.43
  • goblet cell CL0000160
    CSI 64.53
    rCSI 60.98%
    PRS 2.87
  • conventional dendritic cell CL0000990
    CSI 64.45
    rCSI 53.8%
    PRS 9.21
  • small pre-B-II cell CL0000954
    CSI 61.67
    rCSI 59.31%
    PRS 6.02
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 60.82
    rCSI 71.43%
    PRS 3.36
  • gamma-delta T cell CL0000798
    CSI 60.74
    rCSI 71.33%
    PRS 27.82
  • CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002397
    CSI 60.27
    rCSI 78.97%
    PRS 3.84
  • promyelocyte CL0000836
    CSI 60.04
    rCSI 86.59%
    PRS 3.82
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 59.81
    rCSI 91.86%
    PRS 3.18
  • CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell CL0002399
    CSI 59.4
    rCSI 71.75%
    PRS 3.17
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000810
    CSI 58.58
    rCSI 46.93%
    PRS 5.16
  • enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504
    CSI 57.71
    rCSI 82.36%
    PRS 3.14
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 56.96
    rCSI 46.29%
    PRS 2.89
  • promonocyte CL0000559
    CSI 56.41
    rCSI 96.65%
    PRS 3.67
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000909
    CSI 56.29
    rCSI 58.79%
    PRS 8.94
  • unswitched memory B cell CL0000970
    CSI 56.13
    rCSI 47.22%
    PRS 4.63
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 56
    rCSI 52.12%
    PRS 2.74
  • alternatively activated macrophage CL0000890
    CSI 55.35
    rCSI 69.59%
    PRS 4.23
  • classical monocyte CL0000860
    CSI 54.84
    rCSI 81.29%
    PRS 32.92
  • interstitial cell of Cajal CL0002088
    CSI 54.67
    rCSI 69.59%
    PRS 3.22
  • naive T cell CL0000898
    CSI 52.36
    rCSI 36.44%
    PRS 4.01
  • common lymphoid progenitor CL0000051
    CSI 51.51
    rCSI 68.83%
    PRS 5.26
  • dendritic cell CL0000451
    CSI 50.47
    rCSI 62.19%
    PRS 9.19
  • activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, human CL0001049
    CSI 50.12
    rCSI 85.74%
    PRS 6.04
  • non-classical monocyte CL0000875
    CSI 49.82
    rCSI 79.86%
    PRS 9.19
  • Langerhans cell CL0000453
    CSI 49.56
    rCSI 75.7%
    PRS 4.82
  • enterocyte CL0000584
    CSI 49.16
    rCSI 79.27%
    PRS 4.48
  • enteroendocrine cell CL0000164
    CSI 49.06
    rCSI 67.04%
    PRS 3.04
  • epithelial cell CL0000066
    CSI 48.39
    rCSI 74.36%
    PRS 4
  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 48.07
    rCSI 37.27%
    PRS 2.61
  • myeloid dendritic cell CL0000782
    CSI 47.61
    rCSI 68.98%
    PRS 4.04
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive CL0001203
    CSI 47.6
    rCSI 57.67%
    PRS 4.33
  • transit amplifying cell CL0009010
    CSI 47.49
    rCSI 72.63%
    PRS 4.5
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 47.46
    rCSI 56.97%
    PRS 2.75
  • intestinal tuft cell CL0019032
    CSI 47.07
    rCSI 71.94%
    PRS 3.21
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 47
    rCSI 46.91%
    PRS 2.32
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 46.77
    rCSI 41.13%
    PRS 2
  • myofibroblast cell CL0000186
    CSI 46.6
    rCSI 64.54%
    PRS 3.96
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000897
    CSI 46.53
    rCSI 33.4%
    PRS 3.77
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000794
    CSI 46.41
    rCSI 55.4%
    PRS 4.82
  • activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000906
    CSI 46.05
    rCSI 45.26%
    PRS 8.29
  • skin fibroblast CL0002620
    CSI 46.02
    rCSI 39.67%
    PRS 4.6
  • respiratory basal cell CL0002633
    CSI 45.88
    rCSI 47.52%
    PRS 3.22
  • colonocyte CL1000347
    CSI 45.73
    rCSI 65.55%
    PRS 3.86
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 44.87
    rCSI 46.82%
    PRS 2.81
  • CD8-positive, CD28-negative, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000920
    CSI 44.42
    rCSI 88.55%
    PRS 4.74
  • plasmacytoid dendritic cell CL0000784
    CSI 43.39
    rCSI 43.95%
    PRS 18.44
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 43.37
    rCSI 67.01%
    PRS 2.6
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000913
    CSI 43.17
    rCSI 39.32%
    PRS 4.33
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 42.94
    rCSI 39.62%
    PRS 2.78
  • mucous neck cell CL0000651
    CSI 41.58
    rCSI 59.93%
    PRS 4.48
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 41.54
    rCSI 56.61%
    PRS 2.5
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 41.27
    rCSI 67.97%
    PRS 3.18
  • mature NK T cell CL0000814
    CSI 40.09
    rCSI 51.28%
    PRS 12.81
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 38.58
    rCSI 49.48%
    PRS 3.18
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 38.39
    rCSI 57.92%
    PRS 2.69
  • pulmonary ionocyte CL0017000
    CSI 38.26
    rCSI 46.57%
    PRS 3.48
  • T-helper 1 cell CL0000545
    CSI 37.41
    rCSI 67.52%
    PRS 8.56
  • effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000905
    CSI 36.27
    rCSI 49.4%
    PRS 6.95
  • neural cell CL0002319
    CSI -22.4
    rCSI -84.5%
    PRS 6.3%
  • retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748
    CSI -15.1
    rCSI -28.4%
    PRS 2.2%
  • glutamatergic neuron CL0000679
    CSI -13.9
    rCSI -28.5%
    PRS 3.3%
  • kidney collecting duct principal cell CL1001431
    CSI -13.3
    rCSI -66.9%
    PRS 18.4%
  • Schwann cell CL0002573
    CSI -13.1
    rCSI -37.3%
    PRS 3.8%
  • pulmonary capillary endothelial cell CL4028001
    CSI -12.9
    rCSI -24.6%
    PRS 4.4%
  • endocrine cell CL0000163
    CSI -12.1
    rCSI -62.1%
    PRS 13.5%
  • neural progenitor cell CL0011020
    CSI -11.8
    rCSI -52.1%
    PRS 2.9%
  • retinal rod cell CL0000604
    CSI -11.6
    rCSI -20.5%
    PRS 3.2%
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI -9.3
    rCSI -15.2%
    PRS 2.2%
  • mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue CL0002570
    CSI -8.9
    rCSI -49.5%
    PRS 10.7%
  • glioblast CL0000030
    CSI -8.9
    rCSI -14.2%
    PRS 2.4%
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI -7.9
    rCSI -9.2%
    PRS 2.5%
  • cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron CL0010011
    CSI -7.2
    rCSI -21.4%
    PRS 3.6%
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI -7.1
    rCSI -14.3%
    PRS 2.1%
  • primordial germ cell CL0000670
    CSI -6.5
    rCSI -32.3%
    PRS 21.9%
  • ON-bipolar cell CL0000749
    CSI -6.3
    rCSI -9.3%
    PRS 3.7%
  • exhausted T cell CL0011025
    CSI -6.0
    rCSI -100.0%
    PRS 14.8%
  • cerebellar granule cell CL0001031
    CSI -5.8
    rCSI -8.5%
    PRS 2.9%
  • serous secreting cell CL0000313
    CSI -4.8
    rCSI -24.2%
    PRS 14.6%
  • cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008
    CSI -4.0
    rCSI -16.2%
    PRS 3.2%
  • epicardial adipocyte CL1000309
    CSI -3.8
    rCSI -12.3%
    PRS 4.8%
  • kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage CL1000695
    CSI -3.4
    rCSI -8.8%
    PRS 3.4%
  • kidney collecting duct intercalated cell CL1001432
    CSI -3.3
    rCSI -23.7%
    PRS 12.2%
  • glycinergic amacrine cell CL4030028
    CSI -2.5
    rCSI -6.4%
    PRS 4.1%
  • squamous epithelial cell CL0000076
    CSI -2.0
    rCSI -4.6%
    PRS 3.7%
  • erythroid lineage cell CL0000764
    CSI -1.8
    rCSI -11.9%
    PRS 7.8%
  • forebrain neuroblast CL1000042
    CSI -1.8
    rCSI -19.6%
    PRS 38.2%
  • cell of skeletal muscle CL0000188
    CSI -1.6
    rCSI -17.8%
    PRS 19.9%
  • enteroglial cell CL4040002
    CSI -1.5
    rCSI -7.7%
    PRS 7.2%
  • renal interstitial pericyte CL1001318
    CSI -1.3
    rCSI -3.5%
    PRS 3.2%
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI -0.8
    rCSI -1.0%
    PRS 1.6%
  • midbrain dopaminergic neuron CL2000097
    CSI -0.8
    rCSI -4.8%
    PRS 4.2%
  • renal intercalated cell CL0005010
    CSI -0.6
    rCSI -5.3%
    PRS 26.9%
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI -0.4
    rCSI -0.7%
    PRS 2.1%
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 0.0
    rCSI 0.0%
    PRS 1.8%
  • skeletal muscle satellite stem cell CL0008011
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 11.5%
  • immature innate lymphoid cell CL0001082
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 16.1%
    PRS 46.6%
  • stratified epithelial cell CL0000079
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 4.7%
    PRS 14.5%
  • acinar cell of salivary gland CL0002623
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 21.5%
    PRS 2.9%
  • cord blood hematopoietic stem cell CL2000095
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 18.6%
    PRS 24.1%
  • rod bipolar cell CL0000751
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 2.4%
  • microglial cell CL0000129
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 4.3%
    PRS 13.7%
  • cerebral cortex pyramidal neuron CL4023111
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 6.9%
    PRS 11.4%
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 2.2%
  • endocardial cell CL0002350
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 5.8%
    PRS 4.9%
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 1.9%
  • endothelial cell of arteriole CL1000412
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 7.4%
    PRS 14.4%
  • OFF-bipolar cell CL0000750
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 5.1%
  • kidney resident macrophage CL1000698
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 30.4%
    PRS 61.6%
  • parietal cell CL0000162
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 15.0%
    PRS 19.8%
  • Merkel cell CL0000242
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 40.6%
    PRS 20.8%
  • odontoblast CL0000060
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 41.5%
    PRS 16.4%
  • kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001106
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 17.8%
    PRS 7.7%
  • kidney interstitial cell CL1000500
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 35.6%
    PRS 31.7%
  • endothelial cell of venule CL1000414
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 20.2%
    PRS 18.2%
  • hepatic pit cell CL2000054
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 34.2%
    PRS 32.1%
  • NKp44-negative group 3 innate lymphoid cell, human CL0001080
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 77.8%
    PRS 37.1%
  • osteoblast CL0000062
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 62.3%
    PRS 27.1%
  • basophil CL0000767
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 5.4%
    PRS 6.2%
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 5.9%
    PRS 2.1%
  • immature alpha-beta T cell CL0000790
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 38.5%
    PRS 43.5%
  • periportal region hepatocyte CL0019026
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 10.6%
    PRS 4.8%
  • regular atrial cardiac myocyte CL0002129
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 8.8%
    PRS 3.4%
  • kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell CL1000849
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 29.7%
    PRS 4.9%
  • keratocyte CL0002363
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 6.8%
    PRS 4.4%
  • mesenchymal lymphangioblast CL0005021
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 74.8%
    PRS 15.8%
  • neuroplacodal cell CL0000032
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 26.7%
    PRS 11.0%
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 5.1%
    PRS 1.7%
  • pluripotent stem cell CL0002248
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 89.9%
    PRS 6.9%
  • hair follicular keratinocyte CL2000092
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 52.4%
    PRS 11.7%
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell, human CL0001078
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 64.7%
    PRS 51.0%
  • enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine CL1000334
    CSI 3.2
    rCSI 48.9%
    PRS 7.5%
  • lung microvascular endothelial cell CL2000016
    CSI 3.2
    rCSI 61.1%
    PRS 10.2%
  • uterine smooth muscle cell CL0002601
    CSI 3.2
    rCSI 21.0%
    PRS 21.9%
  • prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell CL2000059
    CSI 3.2
    rCSI 77.3%
    PRS 10.7%
  • airway submucosal gland duct basal cell CL4033024
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 20.8%
    PRS 13.7%
  • epithelial cell of proximal tubule segment 3 CL4030011
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 26.0%
    PRS 33.9%
  • epithelial cell of urethra CL1000296
    CSI 3.4
    rCSI 85.0%
    PRS 9.8%
  • cytotoxic T cell CL0000910
    CSI 3.6
    rCSI 20.5%
    PRS 4.5%
  • enteric neuron CL0007011
    CSI 3.6
    rCSI 53.8%
    PRS 8.7%
  • mesenchymal stem cell CL0000134
    CSI 3.7
    rCSI 40.5%
    PRS 5.1%
  • Bergmann glial cell CL0000644
    CSI 3.7
    rCSI 5.1%
    PRS 3.1%
  • Cajal-Retzius cell CL0000695
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 29.5%
    PRS 6.8%
  • pro-T cell CL0000827
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 87.9%
    PRS 14.5%
  • peptic cell CL0000155
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 37.5%
    PRS 8.9%
  • B-2 B cell CL0000822
    CSI 4.2
    rCSI 88.5%
    PRS 17.9%
  • ventricular cardiac muscle cell CL2000046
    CSI 4.6
    rCSI 15.6%
    PRS 13.1%
  • megakaryocyte progenitor cell CL0000553
    CSI 4.6
    rCSI 84.9%
    PRS 4.7%
  • parietal epithelial cell CL1000452
    CSI 4.7
    rCSI 12.5%
    PRS 2.9%
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 4.8
    rCSI 12.2%
    PRS 2.2%
  • endothelial cell of vascular tree CL0002139
    CSI 4.8
    rCSI 26.3%
    PRS 7.4%
  • double negative T regulatory cell CL0011024
    CSI 4.9
    rCSI 93.1%
    PRS 25.5%
  • follicular dendritic cell CL0000442
    CSI 4.9
    rCSI 78.7%
    PRS 18.8%
  • Mueller cell CL0000636
    CSI 5.0
    rCSI 11.5%
    PRS 2.6%
  • lung resident memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL4033038
    CSI 5.1
    rCSI 50.4%
    PRS 35.1%
  • corneal epithelial cell CL0000575
    CSI 5.2
    rCSI 14.8%
    PRS 5.5%
  • renal beta-intercalated cell CL0002201
    CSI 5.3
    rCSI 12.7%
    PRS 3.6%
  • bronchiolar smooth muscle cell CL4033017
    CSI 5.4
    rCSI 81.2%
    PRS 9.3%
  • respiratory goblet cell CL0002370
    CSI 5.4
    rCSI 59.0%
    PRS 5.2%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary Profilin 1, encoded by the [PFN1](/details-gene/5216) gene, is a ubiquitous and highly conserved actin-binding protein crucial for the regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics. It functions primarily by binding to actin monomers, catalyzing the exchange of ADP for ATP and thereby promoting actin polymerization. **Overall**, expression data reveals that [PFN1](/details-gene/5216) is a gene of particularly high significance in the hematopoietic system, with its most prominent expression observed in innate immune cells such as [CD16-positive, CD56-dim natural killer cell, human](/details-cell/CL0000939) and [CD16-negative, CD56-bright natural killer cell, human](/details-cell/CL0000938), as well as in various progenitor cells, including the [hematopoietic stem cell](/details-cell/CL0000037). This expression pattern underscores its fundamental role in processes requiring rapid cytoskeletal remodeling, such as immune cell migration, activation, and differentiation. Clinically, mutations in related cytoskeletal components have been linked to immune dysfunctions ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8693)), and [PFN1](/details-gene/5216) is associated with an entry in the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database ([176610](https://omim.org/entry/176610)). ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [PFN1](/details-gene/5216) firmly establishes its importance in the immune system and hematopoiesis. **Overall**, its highest significance scores are found in both cytotoxic and cytokine-producing natural killer cell subsets, suggesting a core function in NK cell biology. High significance is also noted across the hematopoietic lineage, from primitive [hematopoietic stem cell](/details-cell/CL0000037) and [common myeloid progenitor](/details-cell/CL0000049) cells to more differentiated cell types like [CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte](/details-cell/CL0002396) and multiple subsets of T cells, including [central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0000907) and [CD4-positive helper T cell](/details-cell/CL0000492). This broad and high expression across immune and progenitor cells indicates that [PFN1](/details-gene/5216) is a foundational "workhorse" protein essential for the structural integrity, motility, and function of these highly dynamic cell types. Conversely, the gene's specificity is highlighted by its significantly low expression in other tissues. Notably, [PFN1](/details-gene/5216) shows negative significance scores in various mature [neural cell](/details-cell/CL0002319) types, such as [retinal bipolar neuron](/details-cell/CL0000748) and [glutamatergic neuron](/details-cell/CL0000679), as well as in structural and secretory cells like [pulmonary capillary endothelial cell](/details-cell/CL4028001) and [kidney collecting duct principal cell](/details-cell/CL1001431). This pattern suggests that while indispensable for hematopoietic cells, its role may be less prominent or fulfilled by other isoforms in terminally differentiated cells of the nervous and epithelial systems. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The molecular functions of [PFN1](/details-gene/5216) are centered on the dynamic regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. Gene Ontology annotations confirm its role in processes such as '[Actin cytoskeleton organization](/details-cell/GO:0030036)', with specific molecular functions including '[Actin binding](/details-cell/GO:0003779)' and '[Actin monomer binding](/details-cell/GO:0003785)'. It exhibits both positive ([GO:0030838](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0030838)) and negative ([GO:0030837](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0030837)) regulation of actin filament polymerization, highlighting its role as a key cellular rheostat for cytoskeletal assembly. This central function is consistent with its involvement in numerous cellular signaling pathways documented in Reactome. The high expression of [PFN1](/details-gene/5216) in immune cells aligns with its participation in the '[Signaling by Rho GTPases](/details-cell/R-HSA-194315)' pathway, which is a master regulator of cell shape and motility. Furthermore, its role in '[Hemostasis](/details-cell/R-HSA-109582)' and '[Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation](/details-cell/R-HSA-76002)' is directly related to the profound cytoskeletal changes required for platelet function. While its expression is low in mature neurons, its annotation in pathways like '[Axon guidance](/details-cell/R-HSA-422475)' and '[Nervous system development](/details-cell/R-HSA-9675108)' suggests a potentially critical, but transient, role during neurogenesis. Its localization to the [cytosol](/details-cell/GO:0005829), [cytoskeleton](/details-cell/GO:0005856), and [focal adhesion](/details-cell/GO:0005925) sites places it at the nexus of signal transduction and cellular mechanics. ## Research Directions The widespread and high expression of [PFN1](/details-gene/5216) in hematopoietic cells, coupled with its fundamental role in actin dynamics, suggests several avenues for future investigation. Its function appears critical for both innate and adaptive immunity, as well as for the foundational processes of blood cell development. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its top-ranking expression in both major subsets of human NK cells, [PFN1](/details-gene/5216) is likely indispensable for NK cell effector functions. We hypothesize that **[PFN1](/details-gene/5216) is a critical regulator of lytic granule polarization and degranulation at the immunological synapse, and its depletion will impair NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity against tumor cells.** 2. The high significance of [PFN1](/details-gene/5216) in [hematopoietic stem cell](/details-cell/CL0000037) and subsequent progenitors ([common myeloid progenitor](/details-cell/CL0000049), [granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0000557)) suggests a role in maintaining the progenitor state or directing lineage commitment. We hypothesize that **a reduction in [PFN1](/details-gene/5216) expression in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells disrupts their differentiation potential, particularly skewing development away from the myeloid and lymphoid lineages that require high levels of cell motility and plasticity.** **Experimental Approach:** To test the first hypothesis regarding the role of [PFN1](/details-gene/5216) in NK cell function, a loss-of-function study could be employed. Primary human NK cells or a suitable cell line (e.g., NK-92) would be transduced with lentiviral vectors expressing either a CRISPR-Cas9 system targeting [PFN1](/details-gene/5216) or a control guide RNA. The functional consequences would be assessed using a battery of in vitro assays. Cytotoxicity could be quantified via co-culture with target cells (e.g., K562) followed by flow cytometry-based killing assays. To dissect the mechanism, high-resolution live-cell imaging of synapse formation with target cells could be used to visualize actin dynamics and lytic granule (e.g., perforin, granzyme B) convergence at the synapse in knockout versus control cells. **Therapeutic Potential:** As an intracellular protein central to a ubiquitous and essential cellular process, [PFN1](/details-gene/5216) presents a challenging therapeutic target. Systemic inhibition would likely lead to severe hematological and other toxicities due to its widespread importance. However, in specific contexts such as metastatic cancers where aberrant cell migration is a key driver of pathology, targeting the pathways that regulate [PFN1](/details-gene/5216) activity, rather than the protein itself, might be a more viable strategy. Inhibition of upstream kinases (e.g., ROCK1 ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1128/mcb.00079-08))) that phosphorylate and modulate PFN1 function could offer a more nuanced approach to controlling cytoskeletal dynamics in disease. Therefore, while direct targeting of [PFN1](/details-gene/5216) is likely untenable, it remains a key node in pathways that are of high therapeutic interest.

Genular Protein ID: 761845367

Symbol: PROF1_HUMAN

Name: Profilin-1

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 3356709

Title: Human profilin. Molecular cloning, sequence comparison, and chromosomal analysis.

PubMed ID: 3356709

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)60651-9

PubMed ID: 20736409

Title: Systematic mapping and functional analysis of a family of human epididymal secretory sperm-located proteins.

PubMed ID: 20736409

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m110.001719

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 3342873

Title: The primary structure of human platelet profilin: reinvestigation of the calf spleen profilin sequence.

PubMed ID: 3342873

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(88)80575-1

PubMed ID: 7758455

Title: Distinct biochemical characteristics of the two human profilin isoforms.

PubMed ID: 7758455

DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1995.tb20506.x

PubMed ID: 10411937

Title: A heterozygous mutation of beta-actin associated with neutrophil dysfunction and recurrent infection.

PubMed ID: 10411937

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.15.8693

PubMed ID: 14592989

Title: Exportin 6: a novel nuclear export receptor that is specific for profilin.actin complexes.

PubMed ID: 14592989

DOI: 10.1093/emboj/cdg565

PubMed ID: 14654843

Title: Proteomic characterization of the human centrosome by protein correlation profiling.

PubMed ID: 14654843

DOI: 10.1038/nature02166

PubMed ID: 15592455

Title: Immunoaffinity profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation in cancer cells.

PubMed ID: 15592455

DOI: 10.1038/nbt1046

PubMed ID: 18573880

Title: Phosphorylation of profilin by ROCK1 regulates polyglutamine aggregation.

PubMed ID: 18573880

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00079-08

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 19690332

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions.

PubMed ID: 19690332

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000007

PubMed ID: 19608861

Title: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.

PubMed ID: 19608861

DOI: 10.1126/science.1175371

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22905912

Title: Resveratrol-induced changes of the human adipocyte secretion profile.

PubMed ID: 22905912

DOI: 10.1021/pr300539b

PubMed ID: 22223895

Title: Comparative large-scale characterisation of plant vs. mammal proteins reveals similar and idiosyncratic N-alpha acetylation features.

PubMed ID: 22223895

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.015131

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 28112733

Title: Site-specific mapping of the human SUMO proteome reveals co-modification with phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 28112733

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.3366

PubMed ID: 34331014

Title: Adaptor SH3BGRL promotes breast cancer metastasis through PFN1 degradation by translational STUB1 upregulation.

PubMed ID: 34331014

DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01970-8

PubMed ID: 36173861

Title: Actin maturation requires the ACTMAP/C19orf54 protease.

PubMed ID: 36173861

DOI: 10.1126/science.abq5082

PubMed ID: 8268157

Title: Characterization of the three-dimensional solution structure of human profilin: 1H, 13C, and 15N NMR assignments and global folding pattern.

PubMed ID: 8268157

DOI: 10.1021/bi00213a010

PubMed ID: 9360613

Title: Structure of the profilin-poly-L-proline complex involved in morphogenesis and cytoskeletal regulation.

PubMed ID: 9360613

DOI: 10.1038/nsb1197-953

PubMed ID: 10404225

Title: Profilin binds proline-rich ligands in two distinct amide backbone orientations.

PubMed ID: 10404225

DOI: 10.1038/10722

PubMed ID: 17914456

Title: Structural basis for the recruitment of profilin-actin complexes during filament elongation by Ena/VASP.

PubMed ID: 17914456

DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601874

PubMed ID: 18689676

Title: Modulation of actin structure and function by phosphorylation of Tyr-53 and profilin binding.

PubMed ID: 18689676

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805852105

PubMed ID: 22801503

Title: Mutations in the profilin 1 gene cause familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

PubMed ID: 22801503

DOI: 10.1038/nature11280

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 140
  • Mass: 15054
  • Checksum: F725119E55A289EB
  • Sequence:
  • MAGWNAYIDN LMADGTCQDA AIVGYKDSPS VWAAVPGKTF VNITPAEVGV LVGKDRSSFY 
    VNGLTLGGQK CSVIRDSLLQ DGEFSMDLRT KSTGGAPTFN VTVTKTDKTL VLLMGKEGVH 
    GGLINKKCYE MASHLRRSQY