Details for: PGAM2

Gene ID: 5224

Symbol: PGAM2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000164708

Description: phosphoglycerate mutase 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 38.6383
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0100
  • Cell Name: fetal cardiomyocyte (CL0002495)
    Fold Change: 5.4959
    Cell Significance Index: 15.7500
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 4.8745
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0100
  • Cell Name: type II muscle cell (CL0002212)
    Fold Change: 3.3442
    Cell Significance Index: 53.9600
  • Cell Name: cortical thymic epithelial cell (CL0002364)
    Fold Change: 2.5700
    Cell Significance Index: 21.2600
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: 2.0717
    Cell Significance Index: 30.5900
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: 1.5726
    Cell Significance Index: 38.3700
  • Cell Name: myometrial cell (CL0002366)
    Fold Change: 1.1826
    Cell Significance Index: 13.6200
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: 0.9441
    Cell Significance Index: 16.1800
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.6861
    Cell Significance Index: 67.8700
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.6305
    Cell Significance Index: 569.2900
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.6247
    Cell Significance Index: 13.3100
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 0.5100
    Cell Significance Index: 13.4100
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.4433
    Cell Significance Index: 84.3700
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.4319
    Cell Significance Index: 46.9800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.3865
    Cell Significance Index: 62.8600
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.3625
    Cell Significance Index: 21.7700
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 0.3076
    Cell Significance Index: 16.1500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of esophagus (CL0002252)
    Fold Change: 0.2885
    Cell Significance Index: 1.9200
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.2463
    Cell Significance Index: 17.0300
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.2022
    Cell Significance Index: 15.5200
  • Cell Name: microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell (CL0008035)
    Fold Change: 0.1976
    Cell Significance Index: 1.6600
  • Cell Name: fast muscle cell (CL0000190)
    Fold Change: 0.0901
    Cell Significance Index: 1.1800
  • Cell Name: retinal bipolar neuron (CL0000748)
    Fold Change: 0.0371
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4500
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.0363
    Cell Significance Index: 7.2100
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: 0.0255
    Cell Significance Index: 18.7000
  • Cell Name: slow muscle cell (CL0000189)
    Fold Change: 0.0221
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3300
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: 0.0139
    Cell Significance Index: 1.1000
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 0.0131
    Cell Significance Index: 1.9000
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0111
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3900
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: 0.0099
    Cell Significance Index: 4.5000
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.0059
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1700
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0058
    Cell Significance Index: 10.9800
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.0042
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1900
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.0037
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0800
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.0000
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0200
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0001
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2400
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0008
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2400
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: -0.0021
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9100
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0031
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7000
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.0039
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1000
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0048
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0400
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0079
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0000
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0085
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0088
    Cell Significance Index: -6.5200
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0106
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0140
    Cell Significance Index: -8.7200
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.0144
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4600
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0150
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5300
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0150
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3300
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0167
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3500
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.0199
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2200
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.0225
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3900
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.0246
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5500
  • Cell Name: peripheral nervous system neuron (CL2000032)
    Fold Change: -0.0290
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2300
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0301
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4200
  • Cell Name: thyroid follicular cell (CL0002258)
    Fold Change: -0.0301
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3200
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0315
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0318
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0323
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0332
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0000
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0426
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0436
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9900
  • Cell Name: kidney cell (CL1000497)
    Fold Change: -0.0438
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3500
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: -0.0452
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7000
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0454
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5800
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.0460
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9500
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0473
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9300
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.0559
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6000
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0563
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2800
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.0592
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3200
  • Cell Name: melanocyte of skin (CL1000458)
    Fold Change: -0.0592
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8300
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.0595
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0700
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epidermis (CL0002187)
    Fold Change: -0.0619
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9400
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.0645
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9000
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.0678
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5600
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: -0.0717
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0800
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.0750
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5700
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.0776
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0800
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.1001
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4600
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.1043
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7700
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.1064
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3300
  • Cell Name: cone retinal bipolar cell (CL0000752)
    Fold Change: -0.1103
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8500
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000810)
    Fold Change: -0.1137
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9600
  • Cell Name: regular ventricular cardiac myocyte (CL0002131)
    Fold Change: -0.1154
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4800
  • Cell Name: ON-bipolar cell (CL0000749)
    Fold Change: -0.1168
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3200
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of nonglandular part of prostate (CL1000304)
    Fold Change: -0.1356
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4800
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.1417
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6600
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.1428
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6600
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.1484
    Cell Significance Index: -6.5700
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.1488
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5200
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of glandular part of prostate (CL1000305)
    Fold Change: -0.1494
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6500
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: -0.1499
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6300
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.1506
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1000
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: -0.1535
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0400
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.1566
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4900
  • Cell Name: retinal astrocyte (CL4033015)
    Fold Change: -0.1584
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5500
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of endometrium (CL0002255)
    Fold Change: -0.1596
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: -0.1614
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6600
  • Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
    Fold Change: -0.1620
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3300

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** PGAM2 is a member of the phosphoglycerate mutase family, which catalyzes the reversible conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate, playing a pivotal role in the glycolytic and gluconeogenic pathways. Unlike its homolog PGAM1, PGAM2 exhibits distinct tissue-specific expression patterns, with high levels found in fetal cardiomyocytes, colon goblet cells, and hematopoietic stem cells. This tissue-specific expression is thought to be regulated by various transcription factors, including Pax6 and Sox2. **Pathways and Functions:** PGAM2 is embedded in multiple metabolic pathways, including: 1. **Glycolysis:** PGAM2 is essential for the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate, thereby regulating the glycolytic flux. 2. **Gluconeogenesis:** PGAM2 also participates in the gluconeogenic pathway, where it helps to convert 2-phosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate. 3. **2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase activity:** PGAM2 is a key regulatory enzyme in this pathway, which is crucial for the regulation of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate levels in red blood cells. 4. **Notch signaling pathway:** PGAM2 has been implicated in the Notch signaling pathway, which is involved in cell fate determination and development. **Clinical Significance:** PGAM2 has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Cardiovascular diseases:** PGAM2 has been shown to play a role in cardiac development and function, with alterations in PGAM2 expression levels linked to cardiovascular diseases. 2. **Neurological disorders:** PGAM2 has been implicated in neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, where it may contribute to the regulation of glucose metabolism and neuronal function. 3. **Cancer:** PGAM2 has been shown to be overexpressed in certain types of cancer, including colon cancer, where it may contribute to tumor growth and metastasis. 4. **Metabolic disorders:** PGAM2 has been implicated in metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and obesity, where it may contribute to the regulation of glucose metabolism and energy balance. In conclusion, PGAM2 is a multifunctional enzyme that plays a critical role in various metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the regulation of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase activity. Its tissue-specific expression patterns and involvement in different diseases highlight the importance of PGAM2 in maintaining metabolic homeostasis and regulating cellular function. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms by which PGAM2 regulates metabolic processes and its clinical significance in various diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 3736865940

Symbol: PGAM2_HUMAN

Name: Phosphoglycerate mutase 2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P15259

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BioCyc 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 5 ChiTaRS 1 DEPOD 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 2 EC 2 EMBL 6 Ensembl 1 GO 15 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HAMAP 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 NCBIfam 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PIR 1 PIRSF 1 PRIDE 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 1 Rhea 2 SIGNOR 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2145198

Title: Isolation and characterization of the gene encoding the muscle-specific isozyme of human phosphoglycerate mutase.

PubMed ID: 2145198

DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(90)90092-6

PubMed ID: 2549058

Title: Structure of the gene encoding the muscle-specific subunit of human phosphoglycerate mutase.

PubMed ID: 2549058

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)84831-7

PubMed ID: 2822696

Title: Isolation of a cDNA encoding the muscle-specific subunit of human phosphoglycerate mutase.

PubMed ID: 2822696

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)47840-4

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 8447317

Title: The molecular genetic basis of muscle phosphoglycerate mutase (PGAM) deficiency.

PubMed ID: 8447317

PubMed ID: 10545043

Title: Manifesting heterozygotes in a Japanese family with a novel mutation in the muscle-specific phosphoglycerate mutase (PGAM-M) gene.

PubMed ID: 10545043

DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8966(99)00039-5

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 253
  • Mass: 28766
  • Checksum: 0FDC97631104FCF7
  • Sequence:
    • MATHRLVMVR HGESTWNQEN RFCGWFDAEL SEKGTEEAKR GAKAIKDAKM EFDICYTSVL 
KRAIRTLWAI LDGTDQMWLP VVRTWRLNER HYGGLTGLNK AETAAKHGEE QVKIWRRSFD 
IPPPPMDEKH PYYNSISKER RYAGLKPGEL PTCESLKDTI ARALPFWNEE IVPQIKAGKR 
VLIAAHGNSL RGIVKHLEGM SDQAIMELNL PTGIPIVYEL NKELKPTKPM QFLGDEETVR 
KAMEAVAAQG KAK

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.