Details for: PIN4

Gene ID: 5303

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: PIN4

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000102309

Description: peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase, NIMA-interacting 4

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000794
    CSI 22.44
    rCSI 26.79%
    PRS 39.03
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 22
    rCSI 19.05%
    PRS 25.46
  • elicited macrophage CL0000861
    CSI 13.36
    rCSI 12.27%
    PRS 26.75
  • CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000792
    CSI 12.85
    rCSI 12.62%
    PRS 35.12
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 12.68
    rCSI 16.86%
    PRS 24.73
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 12.08
    rCSI 19.21%
    PRS 19.05
  • brush cell CL0002204
    CSI 11.66
    rCSI 23.09%
    PRS 51.93
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 11.38
    rCSI 28.18%
    PRS 20.9
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 11.06
    rCSI 17.09%
    PRS 21.07
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 10.78
    rCSI 16.27%
    PRS 23.08
  • lung pericyte CL0009089
    CSI 10.65
    rCSI 28.1%
    PRS 26.93
  • double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000809
    CSI 10.02
    rCSI 10.22%
    PRS 32.27
  • tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell CL0019019
    CSI 8.76
    rCSI 15.45%
    PRS 29.3
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 7.92
    rCSI 12.65%
    PRS 24.71
  • mesenchymal stem cell CL0000134
    CSI 7.77
    rCSI 85.07%
    PRS 39.21
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 7.58
    rCSI 10.33%
    PRS 19.76
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 7.48
    rCSI 7.82%
    PRS 23.46
  • erythrocyte CL0000232
    CSI 7.4
    rCSI 16.8%
    PRS 29.79
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 6.63
    rCSI 5.83%
    PRS 16.4
  • CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell CL0002399
    CSI 6.55
    rCSI 7.91%
    PRS 27.39
  • lung macrophage CL1001603
    CSI 6.42
    rCSI 14.34%
    PRS 26.53
  • myoepithelial cell CL0000185
    CSI 6.33
    rCSI 16.02%
    PRS 27.7
  • centrilobular region hepatocyte CL0019029
    CSI 6.17
    rCSI 16.11%
    PRS 33.87
  • primitive red blood cell CL0002355
    CSI 5.78
    rCSI 31.17%
    PRS 37.85
  • T-helper 17 cell CL0000899
    CSI 5.44
    rCSI 4.32%
    PRS 40.29
  • large pre-B-II cell CL0000957
    CSI 5.2
    rCSI 14.83%
    PRS 37.52
  • granulocyte CL0000094
    CSI 5.19
    rCSI 7.94%
    PRS 29.4
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 5.04
    rCSI 7.96%
    PRS 22.65
  • professional antigen presenting cell CL0000145
    CSI 5.03
    rCSI 17.31%
    PRS 63.3
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 4.87
    rCSI 3.96%
    PRS 23.7
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 4.83
    rCSI 4.29%
    PRS 22.74
  • epithelial cell CL0000066
    CSI 4.62
    rCSI 7.09%
    PRS 30.3
  • erythroid progenitor cell CL0000038
    CSI 4.59
    rCSI 26.29%
    PRS 33.26
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 4.52
    rCSI 7.82%
    PRS 17.22
  • bronchial goblet cell CL1000312
    CSI 4.47
    rCSI 17.86%
    PRS 46.06
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 4.44
    rCSI 9.96%
    PRS 13.98
  • double negative thymocyte CL0002489
    CSI 4.4
    rCSI 3.06%
    PRS 27.29
  • inhibitory interneuron CL0000498
    CSI 4.36
    rCSI 10.06%
    PRS 18.17
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000934
    CSI 4.35
    rCSI 5.98%
    PRS 43.32
  • pulmonary alveolar type 2 cell CL0002063
    CSI 4.22
    rCSI 6.55%
    PRS 33.32
  • perivascular cell CL4033054
    CSI 4.14
    rCSI 5.66%
    PRS 25.47
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI 4.03
    rCSI 3.03%
    PRS 24.21
  • regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131
    CSI 3.92
    rCSI 24.51%
    PRS 17.54
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 3.79%
    PRS 19.3
  • enteroendocrine cell CL0000164
    CSI 3.76
    rCSI 5.14%
    PRS 25.09
  • syncytiotrophoblast cell CL0000525
    CSI 3.67
    rCSI 10.56%
    PRS 40.65
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 3.64
    rCSI 6.43%
    PRS 13.24
  • transit amplifying cell of small intestine CL0009012
    CSI 3.62
    rCSI 15.9%
    PRS 40.91
  • peptic cell CL0000155
    CSI 3.59
    rCSI 35.27%
    PRS 54.99
  • hematopoietic precursor cell CL0008001
    CSI 3.44
    rCSI 3.54%
    PRS 36.24
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 3.4
    rCSI 8.27%
    PRS 13.1
  • CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002397
    CSI 3.39
    rCSI 4.44%
    PRS 32.28
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 3.21
    rCSI 18.88%
    PRS 14
  • innate lymphoid cell CL0001065
    CSI 3.16
    rCSI 6.52%
    PRS 33.45
  • type B pancreatic cell CL0000169
    CSI 3.14
    rCSI 6.96%
    PRS 20.8
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 3.13
    rCSI 6.28%
    PRS 16.61
  • cerebellar granule cell CL0001031
    CSI 3.12
    rCSI 4.58%
    PRS 20.74
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 3.11
    rCSI 6.04%
    PRS 23.16
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 3.02
    rCSI 4.41%
    PRS 23.89
  • respiratory hillock cell CL4030023
    CSI 2.96
    rCSI 5.27%
    PRS 37.01
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 2.95
    rCSI 2.85%
    PRS 16.45
  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 2.81
    rCSI 2.18%
    PRS 21.75
  • effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001050
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 2.13%
    PRS 29.99
  • non-classical monocyte CL0000875
    CSI 2.75
    rCSI 4.41%
    PRS 57.29
  • ciliated cell CL0000064
    CSI 2.75
    rCSI 4.45%
    PRS 22.72
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 2.74
    rCSI 10.34%
    PRS 13.83
  • immature B cell CL0000816
    CSI 2.69
    rCSI 2%
    PRS 33.28
  • skin fibroblast CL0002620
    CSI 2.61
    rCSI 2.25%
    PRS 34.28
  • enterocyte CL0000584
    CSI 2.59
    rCSI 4.17%
    PRS 33.82
  • ionocyte CL0005006
    CSI 2.52
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 20.77
  • naive T cell CL0000898
    CSI 2.48
    rCSI 1.72%
    PRS 31.97
  • T follicular helper cell CL0002038
    CSI 2.48
    rCSI 1.85%
    PRS 35.61
  • M cell of gut CL0000682
    CSI 2.39
    rCSI 2.54%
    PRS 37.98
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 2.38
    rCSI 2.48%
    PRS 23.12
  • cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron CL0010011
    CSI 2.34
    rCSI 6.91%
    PRS 26.49
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 2.32
    rCSI 4.16%
    PRS 20.86
  • midzonal region hepatocyte CL0019028
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 5.4%
    PRS 32.15
  • effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001044
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 6.6%
    PRS 34.07
  • ON-bipolar cell CL0000749
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 3.41%
    PRS 26.52
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 2.28
    rCSI 2.06%
    PRS 20.49
  • interstitial cell of Cajal CL0002088
    CSI 2.28
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 26.02
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 2.26
    rCSI 2.65%
    PRS 25.84
  • endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid CL0019021
    CSI 2.23
    rCSI 10.23%
    PRS 49.58
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 2.23
    rCSI 2.77%
    PRS 12.52
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 2.22
    rCSI 2.14%
    PRS 23.34
  • inflammatory macrophage CL0000863
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 3.76%
    PRS 45.11
  • myofibroblast cell CL0000186
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 3.04%
    PRS 31.19
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000811
    CSI 2.13
    rCSI 3.32%
    PRS 49.98
  • pancreatic A cell CL0000171
    CSI 2.12
    rCSI 2.22%
    PRS 23.94
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 2.09
    rCSI 2.19%
    PRS 21.06
  • intrahepatic cholangiocyte CL0002538
    CSI 2.05
    rCSI 4.92%
    PRS 39.66
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 2.05
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 26.13
  • mucous neck cell CL0000651
    CSI 2.04
    rCSI 2.94%
    PRS 35.32
  • hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037
    CSI 2.04
    rCSI 1.35%
    PRS 27.05
  • goblet cell CL0000160
    CSI 2
    rCSI 1.89%
    PRS 23.7
  • endocrine cell CL0000163
    CSI 1.98
    rCSI 10.15%
    PRS 66.81
  • periportal region hepatocyte CL0019026
    CSI 1.96
    rCSI 7.64%
    PRS 30.66
  • small pre-B-II cell CL0000954
    CSI 1.95
    rCSI 1.88%
    PRS 44.87
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 1.95
    rCSI 2.76%
    PRS 20.89
  • pancreatic D cell CL0000173
    CSI 1.94
    rCSI 1.91%
    PRS 24.26
  • P/D1 enteroendocrine cell CL0002268
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.3%
    PRS 49.9%
  • cytotoxic T cell CL0000910
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.5%
    PRS 33.3%
  • luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002326
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.2%
    PRS 34.3%
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.5%
    PRS 16.1%
  • respiratory goblet cell CL0002370
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 42.3%
  • direct pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023026
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 6.0%
    PRS 11.9%
  • paneth cell of colon CL0009009
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 54.1%
  • basal cell of epithelium of trachea CL1000348
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 57.4%
  • myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000839
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 43.4%
  • Cajal-Retzius cell CL0000695
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 42.9%
  • neuroendocrine cell CL0000165
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 43.0%
  • enteroendocrine cell of colon CL0009042
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 53.2%
  • vasa recta descending limb cell CL1001285
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 67.6%
  • enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine CL1000334
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 5.8%
    PRS 52.1%
  • glandular epithelial cell CL0000150
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 43.3%
  • megakaryocyte CL0000556
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 38.7%
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 15.3%
  • eosinophil CL0000771
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 54.5%
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 17.1%
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine CL0009017
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 29.2%
  • cord blood hematopoietic stem cell CL2000095
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 8.8%
    PRS 84.7%
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 14.2%
  • type EC enteroendocrine cell CL0000577
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 36.3%
  • indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 12.0%
    PRS 12.9%
  • basophil CL0000767
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 44.4%
  • podocyte CL0000653
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 21.9%
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 17.2%
  • microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell CL0008035
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 25.3%
  • stromal cell of ovary CL0002132
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 36.6%
  • germinal center B cell CL0000844
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 49.3%
  • small intestine goblet cell CL1000495
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 30.1%
  • paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine CL1000343
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 34.8%
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 13.4%
  • transit amplifying cell CL0009010
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 36.2%
  • retina horizontal cell CL0000745
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 20.8%
  • forebrain radial glial cell CL0013000
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 31.4%
  • tracheobronchial serous cell CL0019001
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 40.5%
  • endothelial cell of placenta CL0009092
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 30.4%
  • pancreatic PP cell CL0002275
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 38.1%
  • colon goblet cell CL0009039
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 33.4%
  • thymocyte CL0000893
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 63.0%
  • hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell CL0000837
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 35.7%
  • ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002145
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 23.2%
  • glycinergic amacrine cell CL4030028
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 22.9%
  • mammary gland epithelial cell CL0002327
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 38.6%
  • deuterosomal cell CL4033044
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 35.3%
  • regular atrial cardiac myocyte CL0002129
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 23.4%
  • promyelocyte CL0000836
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 31.5%
  • amacrine cell CL0000561
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 17.4%
  • cardiac neuron CL0010022
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 18.4%
  • muscle cell CL0000187
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 46.6%
  • endothelial cell of uterus CL0009095
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 5.7%
    PRS 55.9%
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 17.3%
  • progenitor cell CL0011026
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 33.7%
  • neural progenitor cell CL0011020
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 20.8%
  • primordial germ cell CL0000670
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 76.6%
  • renal principal cell CL0005009
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 28.7%
  • pre-conventional dendritic cell CL0002010
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 11.3%
    PRS 61.3%
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 14.6%
  • pulmonary artery endothelial cell CL1001568
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 34.0%
  • lung neuroendocrine cell CL1000223
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 25.7%
  • alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 25.3%
  • retinal pigment epithelial cell CL0002586
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 23.6%
  • differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor CL4023059
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 19.2%
  • retinal rod cell CL0000604
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 22.0%
  • OFF-bipolar cell CL0000750
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 34.4%
  • enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 25.3%
  • mononuclear phagocyte CL0000113
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 26.0%
  • kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001107
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 21.0%
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 3.6%
    PRS 12.6%
  • common lymphoid progenitor CL0000051
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 42.3%
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 17.5%
  • Langerhans cell CL0000453
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 39.3%
  • cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 20.6%
  • serous secreting cell CL0000313
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 5.4%
    PRS 67.4%
  • epithelial cell of nephron CL1000449
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 10.1%
    PRS 72.1%
  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 22.7%
  • enteroendocrine cell of small intestine CL0009006
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 34.0%
  • kidney epithelial cell CL0002518
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 47.4%
  • promonocyte CL0000559
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 30.6%
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 26.8%
  • common dendritic progenitor CL0001029
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 29.3%
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 16.7%
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 26.1%
  • type L enteroendocrine cell CL0002279
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 43.1%
  • acinar cell of salivary gland CL0002623
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 27.9%
    PRS 41.6%
  • nasal mucosa goblet cell CL0002480
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 32.4%
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, terminally differentiated CL0001062
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 6.1%
    PRS 29.9%
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 21.1%
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 22.7%
  • mature B cell CL0000785
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 28.5%
  • club cell CL0000158
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 25.6%
  • vascular associated smooth muscle cell CL0000359
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 4.0%
    PRS 27.0%
  • adventitial cell CL0002503
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 33.7%
  • effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000905
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 51.0%
  • tuft cell of colon CL0009041
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 43.3%
  • mucus secreting cell CL0000319
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 28.9%
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 24.0%
  • rod bipolar cell CL0000751
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 18.6%
  • acinar cell CL0000622
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 29.5%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary Peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase, NIMA-interacting 4 ([PIN4](/details-gene/5303)), also known as Parvulin 14/17 (hPar14/hPar17), is a protein-coding gene located on the X chromosome at position Xq13.1. [PIN4](/details-gene/5303) functions as a peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase ([GO:0003755](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0003755)), an enzymatic activity crucial for protein folding and regulation. Beyond this canonical function, it is heavily implicated in fundamental cellular processes including ribosome biogenesis ([GO:0006364](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006364)), as established by Rulten et al. ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1074/mcp.m900147-mcp200)), and possesses DNA and RNA binding capabilities ([GO:0003677](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0003677), [GO:0003723](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0003723)). Consistent with its role in ribosome assembly and proliferation, **Overall** expression data highlight its significance in highly proliferative and metabolically active cells, particularly within the immune system, such as [CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell](/details-cell/CL0000794)s and [granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0000557)s. Its clinical relevance is noted in OMIM ([300252](https://omim.org/entry/300252)). ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [PIN4](/details-gene/5303) underscores its role as a key enzymatic component in cells undergoing rapid division and protein synthesis. **Overall**, the gene shows the highest significance in immune cell populations, positioning it as a central player in hematopoiesis and adaptive immunity. It is a top marker for [CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell](/details-cell/CL0000794) (CSI: 22.44) and [granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0000557) (CSI: 22.00), suggesting a critical function in both the effector phase of the cytotoxic immune response and the foundational stages of myeloid cell development. Its elevated significance in other immune subsets, including [elicited macrophage](/details-cell/CL0000861)s (CSI: 13.36), [CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell](/details-cell/CL0000792)s (CSI: 12.85), and [intermediate monocyte](/details-cell/CL0002393)s (CSI: 10.78), further reinforces its broad importance across diverse immune lineages. Beyond the immune system, [PIN4](/details-gene/5303) is also significantly expressed in various other metabolically active and secretory cell types. These include [pancreatic acinar cell](/details-cell/CL0002064) (CSI: 12.68), [chondrocyte](/details-cell/CL0000138) (CSI: 12.08), and [lung secretory cell](/details-cell/CL1000272) (CSI: 11.38). This widespread expression pattern in functionally diverse, high-activity cells suggests that its role in facilitating protein folding and ribosome biogenesis is a fundamental requirement for maintaining cellular homeostasis and function across multiple tissues. ## Pathways and Molecular Function [PIN4](/details-gene/5303) is a multifunctional protein with well-defined roles in several core cellular compartments and processes. Its primary molecular function is peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity ([GO:0003755](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0003755)), which catalyzes the isomerization of proline imide bonds in polypeptide chains, a rate-limiting step in protein folding and conformational switching. Functionally, [PIN4](/details-gene/5303) is a crucial factor in rRNA processing ([GO:0006364](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006364)), localizing to the [nucleolus](/details-cell/GO:0005730) and associating with the [preribosome](/details-cell/GO:0030684) ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1074/mcp.m900147-mcp200)). This function directly explains its high expression in rapidly proliferating cells like immune progenitors, which require massive synthesis of ribosomes to support cell growth and division. Furthermore, [PIN4](/details-gene/5303) demonstrates an ability to bind both DNA ([GO:0003677](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0003677)) and RNA ([GO:0003723](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0003723)), with studies indicating that its N-terminal domain is responsible for nuclear entry and high-affinity DNA binding ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-2836(02)00615-0)). This suggests additional roles in transcriptional regulation or chromatin organization. The protein exhibits broad subcellular localization, being found in the [nucleus](/details-cell/GO:0005634), [cytoplasm](/details-cell/GO:0005737), and even the [mitochondrial matrix](/details-cell/GO:0005759) ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7007-5-37)). Its presence in mitochondria suggests undiscovered roles in regulating mitochondrial protein folding or metabolic pathways. ## Research Directions The high significance of [PIN4](/details-gene/5303) in proliferative immune cells, coupled with its fundamental role in ribosome biogenesis, points toward its potential as a regulatory hub in immunity and disease. ### Proposed Hypotheses 1. **Impaired T Cell Proliferation:** Given its top ranking in [CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell](/details-cell/CL0000794)s, it is hypothesized that the inhibition of [PIN4](/details-gene/5303) enzymatic activity will severely compromise the clonal expansion and effector function of cytotoxic T lymphocytes following antigen encounter. This effect would be mediated by a failure to scale up ribosome production, leading to translational insufficiency and cell cycle arrest. 2. **Defective Hematopoiesis:** As [PIN4](/details-gene/5303) is highly significant in [granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0000557)s, it is hypothesized that its conditional knockout in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells will lead to lineage-specific defects, particularly in the myeloid lineage, or result in bone marrow failure due to an inability of progenitor cells to meet the protein synthesis demands of differentiation. ### Key Experimental Approach To test the first hypothesis regarding T cell function, a robust experimental plan could be implemented. [PIN4](/details-gene/5303) could be selectively knocked down in primary human [CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell](/details-cell/CL0000794)s using lentiviral-mediated shRNA or CRISPR interference (CRISPRi). Following knockdown, T cell activation would be induced using anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies. The functional consequences would be assessed by measuring proliferation via CFSE dilution assays, quantifying cytokine production (e.g., IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha) with ELISA, and evaluating cytotoxic potential through granzyme B expression. To directly link these outcomes to the proposed mechanism, polysome profiling would be performed on control and knockdown cells to quantify changes in ribosome assembly and overall translational capacity. ### Therapeutic Potential The enzymatic nature of [PIN4](/details-gene/5303) and its critical role in cell proliferation make it an attractive therapeutic target. Its inhibition could be beneficial in contexts of pathological hyperproliferation, such as in certain hematological malignancies (leukemias, lymphomas) or autoimmune diseases driven by unchecked lymphocyte expansion. As a peptidyl-prolyl isomerase, it is a druggable target for small molecule inhibitors. However, its broad expression in other essential cell types, like [pancreatic acinar cell](/details-cell/CL0002064)s, suggests that systemic inhibition could lead to significant off-target toxicity. Therefore, therapeutic strategies would likely require targeted delivery systems (e.g., antibody-drug conjugates) to specifically deliver a [PIN4](/details-gene/5303) inhibitor to the diseased cell population.

Genular Protein ID: 1050859036

Symbol: PIN4_HUMAN

Name: Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 4

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 10364457

Title: Identification of eukaryotic parvulin homologues: a new subfamily of peptidylprolyl cis-trans isomerases.

PubMed ID: 10364457

DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.0828

PubMed ID: 10100858

Title: Identification and characterization of a 14 kDa human protein as a novel parvulin-like peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerase.

PubMed ID: 10100858

DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(99)00239-2

PubMed ID: 15772651

Title: The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome.

PubMed ID: 15772651

DOI: 10.1038/nature03440

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 16522211

Title: Characterization of novel elongated Parvulin isoforms that are ubiquitously expressed in human tissues and originate from alternative transcription initiation.

PubMed ID: 16522211

DOI: 10.1186/1471-2199-7-9

PubMed ID: 17875217

Title: The DNA binding parvulin Par17 is targeted to the mitochondrial matrix by a recently evolved prepeptide uniquely present in Hominidae.

PubMed ID: 17875217

DOI: 10.1186/1741-7007-5-37

PubMed ID: 12860119

Title: Phosphorylation of the N-terminal domain regulates subcellular localization and DNA binding properties of the peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase hPar14.

PubMed ID: 12860119

DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2836(03)00713-7

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 12144781

Title: The N-terminal basic domain of human parvulin hPar14 is responsible for the entry to the nucleus and high-affinity DNA-binding.

PubMed ID: 12144781

DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2836(02)00615-0

PubMed ID: 19369196

Title: Parvulin (Par14), a peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase, is a novel rRNA processing factor that evolved in the metazoan lineage.

PubMed ID: 19369196

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m900147-mcp200

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 10966801

Title: NMR solution structure of hPar14 reveals similarity to the peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerase domain of the mitotic regulator hPin1 but indicates a different functionality of the protein.

PubMed ID: 10966801

DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.2000.4013

PubMed ID: 11162102

Title: Solution structure of the human parvulin-like peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerase, hPar14.

PubMed ID: 11162102

DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.2000.4293

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 131
  • Mass: 13810
  • Checksum: 787C15BDB0701258
  • Sequence:
  • MPPKGKSGSG KAGKGGAASG SDSADKKAQG PKGGGNAVKV RHILCEKHGK IMEAMEKLKS 
    GMRFNEVAAQ YSEDKARQGG DLGWMTRGSM VGPFQEAAFA LPVSGMDKPV FTDPPVKTKF 
    GYHIIMVEGR K