Details for: SYT7

Gene ID: 9066

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: SYT7

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000011347

Description: synaptotagmin 7

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 14.51
    rCSI 15.14%
    PRS 95.42
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 14.15
    rCSI 34.39%
    PRS 87.35
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 12.07
    rCSI 37.73%
    PRS 89.85
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 9.77
    rCSI 35.16%
    PRS 87.52
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 9.76
    rCSI 14.9%
    PRS 95.13
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 9.61
    rCSI 36.31%
    PRS 89.05
  • type B pancreatic cell CL0000169
    CSI 9.54
    rCSI 21.13%
    PRS 95.82
  • pancreatic A cell CL0000171
    CSI 8.16
    rCSI 8.55%
    PRS 96.51
  • pancreatic D cell CL0000173
    CSI 7.23
    rCSI 7.11%
    PRS 96.44
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 7.03
    rCSI 8.75%
    PRS 87.35
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 6.89
    rCSI 40.57%
    PRS 89.34
  • club cell CL0000158
    CSI 6.14
    rCSI 8.99%
    PRS 93.78
  • goblet cell CL0000160
    CSI 5.91
    rCSI 5.59%
    PRS 94.48
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 5.81
    rCSI 5.15%
    PRS 94.54
  • L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030059
    CSI 5.7
    rCSI 12.36%
    PRS 88.05
  • enteroendocrine cell CL0000164
    CSI 5.46
    rCSI 7.47%
    PRS 94.06
  • pancreatic PP cell CL0002275
    CSI 5.2
    rCSI 20.68%
    PRS 96.38
  • GABAergic neuron CL0000617
    CSI 5.04
    rCSI 16.89%
    PRS 87.08
  • enteroendocrine cell of small intestine CL0009006
    CSI 4.51
    rCSI 9.93%
    PRS 96.28
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 4.45
    rCSI 5.32%
    PRS 89.06
  • lung neuroendocrine cell CL1000223
    CSI 4.33
    rCSI 6.4%
    PRS 96.11
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 4.31
    rCSI 5.56%
    PRS 89.81
  • neuron CL0000540
    CSI 4.25
    rCSI 11.32%
    PRS 86.94
  • cerebral cortex neuron CL0010012
    CSI 4.21
    rCSI 17.15%
    PRS 90.81
  • midzonal region hepatocyte CL0019028
    CSI 4.08
    rCSI 9.58%
    PRS 93.26
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 6.58%
    PRS 93.43
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 3.73
    rCSI 6.01%
    PRS 89.68
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 3.51
    rCSI 5.14%
    PRS 97.7
  • glutamatergic neuron CL0000679
    CSI 3.5
    rCSI 7.2%
    PRS 87.81
  • inhibitory interneuron CL0000498
    CSI 3.31
    rCSI 7.65%
    PRS 90.64
  • type L enteroendocrine cell CL0002279
    CSI 3.04
    rCSI 5.7%
    PRS 95.87
  • periportal region hepatocyte CL0019026
    CSI 3.04
    rCSI 11.81%
    PRS 92.94
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 2.96
    rCSI 6.55%
    PRS 89.77
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 2.88
    rCSI 5.16%
    PRS 94.43
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 2.33
    rCSI 3.6%
    PRS 94.82
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 5.59%
    PRS 92.91
  • direct pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023026
    CSI 2.09
    rCSI 49.94%
    PRS 86.87
  • indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029
    CSI 2.04
    rCSI 49.23%
    PRS 86.59
  • centrilobular region hepatocyte CL0019029
    CSI 1.96
    rCSI 5.11%
    PRS 92.41
  • L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030063
    CSI 1.92
    rCSI 4.59%
    PRS 89.35
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 3.19%
    PRS 89.09
  • colon goblet cell CL0009039
    CSI 1.84
    rCSI 4.38%
    PRS 96.42
  • basal cell of epidermis CL0002187
    CSI 1.76
    rCSI 3.11%
    PRS 73.77
  • pancreatic epsilon cell CL0005019
    CSI 1.58
    rCSI 7.36%
    PRS 96.46
  • GABAergic amacrine cell CL4030027
    CSI 1.36
    rCSI 4.66%
    PRS 87.46
  • L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030067
    CSI 1.36
    rCSI 4.46%
    PRS 88.2
  • neuroendocrine cell CL0000165
    CSI 1.35
    rCSI 5.21%
    PRS 96.46
  • OFF midget ganglion cell CL4033047
    CSI 1.16
    rCSI 23.67%
    PRS 90.57
  • luminal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002340
    CSI 1.11
    rCSI 5.97%
    PRS 97.52
  • enteroendocrine cell of colon CL0009042
    CSI 0.98
    rCSI 4.61%
    PRS 95.8
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI 0.87
    rCSI 2.72%
    PRS 91.02
  • ON midget ganglion cell CL4033046
    CSI 0.84
    rCSI 17.15%
    PRS 90.21
  • central nervous system neuron CL2000029
    CSI 0.56
    rCSI 4.11%
    PRS 91.33
  • P/D1 enteroendocrine cell CL0002268
    CSI 0.53
    rCSI 2.86%
    PRS 96.16
  • ON parasol ganglion cell CL4033052
    CSI 0.41
    rCSI 5.78%
    PRS 90.59

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.
Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [SYT7](/details-gene/9066), or Synaptotagmin 7, is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 11q12.2. It functions as a key calcium ion sensor that plays a critical role in vesicle trafficking and exocytosis. Its molecular function involves calcium-dependent binding to phospholipids and SNARE proteins, which facilitates the fusion of vesicles with target membranes. **Overall**, [SYT7](/details-gene/9066) shows high expression significance in a variety of [secretory cell](/details-cell/CL0000151) types, most notably in numerous subtypes of cortical glutamatergic neurons, such as [L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron](/details-cell/CL4023040), and hormone-secreting pancreatic cells, including [type B pancreatic cell](/details-cell/CL0000169). This expression pattern underscores its fundamental role in regulating diverse physiological processes, from neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity to hormone secretion. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [SYT7](/details-gene/9066) highlights its specialization in mediating calcium-triggered secretion across different tissues. **Overall**, the gene demonstrates its highest significance in the central nervous system, particularly within distinct populations of cortical neurons. It is a defining marker for [L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron](/details-cell/CL4023040) (CSI: 14.15), [L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron](/details-cell/CL4023038) (CSI: 12.07), and [L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron](/details-cell/CL4023041) (CSI: 9.77). This suggests a pivotal role for [SYT7](/details-gene/9066) in modulating the release of glutamate, the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Beyond the nervous system, [SYT7](/details-gene/9066) is highly significant in endocrine and exocrine cells specialized for secretion. It is prominently expressed in pancreatic islet cells, including insulin-secreting [type B pancreatic cell](/details-cell/CL0000169) (CSI: 9.54) and glucagon-secreting [pancreatic A cell](/details-cell/CL0000171) (CSI: 8.16), consistent with its annotated function in regulating hormone release. Furthermore, its expression in mucosal secretory cells like [conjunctival epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL1000432) (CSI: 9.76), [club cell](/details-cell/CL0000158) (CSI: 6.14), and [goblet cell](/details-cell/CL0000160) (CSI: 5.91) indicates its broader involvement in barrier function and protection through regulated secretion. This widespread importance in diverse secretory cell types establishes [SYT7](/details-gene/9066) as a versatile and fundamental component of calcium-dependent exocytosis machinery. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The molecular functions of [SYT7](/details-gene/9066) are centered on its role as a calcium sensor in vesicle-mediated transport. As a member of the synaptotagmin family, its primary molecular function is `Calcium ion sensor activity` ([GO:0061891](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0061891)) and `Calcium-dependent phospholipid binding` ([GO:0005544](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005544)). Upon calcium influx, [SYT7](/details-gene/9066) binds to membranes and interacts with the SNARE complex via `Snare binding` ([GO:0000149](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0000149)), thereby triggering vesicle fusion. This mechanism underlies its participation in a wide array of biological processes. Its high expression in neurons is directly linked to its involvement in the `Neuronal system` ([R-HSA-112316](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-112316)) pathway, where it regulates `Calcium ion-regulated exocytosis of neurotransmitter` ([GO:0048791](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0048791)) and contributes to `Short-term synaptic potentiation` ([GO:1990926](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:1990926)). Similarly, its function in pancreatic cells is explained by its role in the `Regulation of insulin secretion` ([GO:0050796](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0050796)) and `Regulation of glucagon secretion` ([GO:0070092](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0070092)). Additionally, [SYT7](/details-gene/9066) is implicated in cellular maintenance and defense processes such as `Plasma membrane repair` ([GO:0001778](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0001778)) and `Phagocytosis` ([GO:0006909](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006909)), where it mediates lysosome exocytosis and phagosome-lysosome fusion. Research has also shown it mediates cell invasion by the parasite *Trypanosoma cruzi* ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.193.9.1097)), highlighting its role at the host-pathogen interface. ## Research Directions The widespread yet specific expression pattern of [SYT7](/details-gene/9066) in secretory cells presents several avenues for future investigation, particularly concerning its role in physiology and disease. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its high significance in specific subtypes of cortical glutamatergic neurons and its annotated role in synaptic potentiation, we hypothesize that **[SYT7](/details-gene/9066) is essential for experience-dependent plasticity in corticocortical circuits, and its disruption may contribute to cognitive deficits associated with synaptic dysfunction.** 2. Based on its high expression in pancreatic A and B cells and its function in hormone exocytosis, we hypothesize that **genetic variants or altered expression of [SYT7](/details-gene/9066) could impair the precise regulation of insulin and glucagon release, representing a potential risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes.** 3. Building on published findings ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.193.9.1097)), we hypothesize that **[SYT7](/details-gene/9066) acts as a critical host factor exploited by intracellular pathogens beyond *Trypanosoma cruzi*, where it facilitates pathogen entry by mediating lysosome fusion with the plasma membrane to form the parasitophorous vacuole.** **Experimental Approach:** To test the first hypothesis regarding the role of [SYT7](/details-gene/9066) in cortical plasticity, a powerful approach would be to use a conditional knockout mouse model. By crossing a Syt7-floxed mouse line with a Cre-driver line specific to cortical glutamatergic neurons (e.g., Emx1-Cre), [SYT7](/details-gene/9066) can be selectively deleted in the target cell population. Subsequent *ex vivo* electrophysiological recordings from acute cortical slices would allow for direct assessment of short- and long-term synaptic plasticity (e.g., paired-pulse facilitation, long-term potentiation) at corticocortical synapses. In parallel, behavioral assays sensitive to cortical function, such as novel object recognition or fear conditioning, could be employed to link synaptic deficits to cognitive impairments. **Therapeutic Potential:** As an intracellular protein central to a fundamental cellular process, [SYT7](/details-gene/9066) presents a challenging therapeutic target. Global inhibition would likely lead to significant toxicity due to its widespread importance in neurotransmission and hormone regulation. However, in specific contexts, its modulation could be beneficial. For instance, in infectious diseases like Chagas disease, developing inhibitors that block the interaction between [SYT7](/details-gene/9066) and pathogen-derived factors could represent a novel host-directed therapeutic strategy to prevent cellular invasion ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molbiopara.2005.01.016)). Further research into the specific protein-protein interactions governing its function in different cell types may reveal more druggable nodes for targeted therapeutic intervention.

Genular Protein ID: 1043847668

Symbol: SYT7_HUMAN

Name: IPCA-7

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

O43581 F5GZC2 F5GZU9 F5H126 F5H1N2 F5H6C1 Q08AH6

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 5 CDD 2 CORUM 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 23 ChiTaRS 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 ELM 1 EMBL 7 Ensembl 6 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 39 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 5 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 1 PDBsum 1 PRINTS 2 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 6 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 5 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 5 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9615227

Title: Transcript mapping of the human chromosome 11q12-q13.1 gene-rich region identifies several newly described conserved genes.

PubMed ID: 9615227

DOI: 10.1006/geno.1998.5291

PubMed ID: 16554811

Title: Human chromosome 11 DNA sequence and analysis including novel gene identification.

PubMed ID: 16554811

DOI: 10.1038/nature04632

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 11342594

Title: The Exocytosis-regulatory protein synaptotagmin VII mediates cell invasion by Trypanosoma cruzi.

PubMed ID: 11342594

DOI: 10.1084/jem.193.9.1097

PubMed ID: 12071850

Title: Alternative splicing isoforms of synaptotagmin VII in the mouse, rat and human.

PubMed ID: 12071850

DOI: 10.1042/bj20011877

PubMed ID: 15811535

Title: Trypanosoma cruzi invades synaptotagmin VII-deficient cells by a PI-3 kinase independent pathway.

PubMed ID: 15811535

DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2005.01.016

PubMed ID: 22966849

Title: Hydrophobic contributions to the membrane docking of synaptotagmin 7 C2A domain: mechanistic contrast between isoforms 1 and 7.

PubMed ID: 22966849

DOI: 10.1021/bi3007115

PubMed ID: 25437758

Title: Lateral diffusion of proteins on supported lipid bilayers: additive friction of synaptotagmin 7 C2A-C2B tandem domains.

PubMed ID: 25437758

DOI: 10.1021/bi5012223

PubMed ID: 26322740

Title: Membrane docking of the synaptotagmin 7 C2A domain: electron paramagnetic resonance measurements show contributions from two membrane binding loops.

PubMed ID: 26322740

DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00421

PubMed ID: 26333120

Title: Membrane docking of the synaptotagmin 7 C2A Domain: computation reveals interplay between electrostatic and hydrophobic contributions.

PubMed ID: 26333120

DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00422

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 403
  • Mass: 45501
  • Checksum: C9BFB26D298EDBE4
  • Sequence:
    • MYRDPEAASP GAPSRDVLLV SAIITVSLSV TVVLCGLCHW CQRKLGKRYK NSLETVGTPD 
SGRGRSEKKA IKLPAGGKAV NTAPVPGQTP HDESDRRTEP RSSVSDLVNS LTSEMLMLSP 
GSEEDEAHEG CSRENLGRIQ FSVGYNFQES TLTVKIMKAQ ELPAKDFSGT SDPFVKIYLL 
PDKKHKLETK VKRKNLNPHW NETFLFEGFP YEKVVQRILY LQVLDYDRFS RNDPIGEVSI 
PLNKVDLTQM QTFWKDLKPC SDGSGSRGEL LLSLCYNPSA NSIIVNIIKA RNLKAMDIGG 
TSDPYVKVWL MYKDKRVEKK KTVTMKRNLN PIFNESFAFD IPTEKLRETT IIITVMDKDK 
LSRNDVIGKI YLSWKSGPGE VKHWKDMIAR PRQPVAQWHQ LKA