Details for: CXCL2

Gene ID: 2920

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: CXCL2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000081041

Description: C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 77.37
    rCSI 59.98%
    PRS 87.05
  • skin fibroblast CL0002620
    CSI 36.86
    rCSI 31.78%
    PRS 83.84
  • pulmonary artery endothelial cell CL1001568
    CSI 31.77
    rCSI 43.23%
    PRS 90.81
  • elicited macrophage CL0000861
    CSI 26.28
    rCSI 24.13%
    PRS 90.34
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 26.17
    rCSI 33.56%
    PRS 86.41
  • mucous neck cell CL0000651
    CSI 25.48
    rCSI 36.73%
    PRS 89.07
  • pulmonary alveolar type 2 cell CL0002063
    CSI 24.09
    rCSI 37.37%
    PRS 86.63
  • vascular associated smooth muscle cell CL0000359
    CSI 23.87
    rCSI 77.43%
    PRS 81.87
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 23.24
    rCSI 30.89%
    PRS 88.4
  • luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002326
    CSI 21.99
    rCSI 39.96%
    PRS 91.74
  • pulmonary capillary endothelial cell CL4028001
    CSI 21.87
    rCSI 41.72%
    PRS 91.67
  • respiratory basal cell CL0002633
    CSI 20
    rCSI 20.72%
    PRS 86.91
  • intrahepatic cholangiocyte CL0002538
    CSI 17.21
    rCSI 41.3%
    PRS 86.14
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 15.71
    rCSI 58.87%
    PRS 76.72
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 14.59
    rCSI 15.22%
    PRS 82.97
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 14.55
    rCSI 13.54%
    PRS 84.48
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 13.65
    rCSI 26.54%
    PRS 86.53
  • CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell CL0002399
    CSI 13.51
    rCSI 16.32%
    PRS 90.33
  • Kupffer cell CL0000091
    CSI 12.8
    rCSI 29.27%
    PRS 84.52
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 12.72
    rCSI 9.8%
    PRS 86.8
  • endothelial cell of artery CL1000413
    CSI 12.13
    rCSI 17.77%
    PRS 88.54
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 11.3
    rCSI 17.04%
    PRS 88.53
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 10.77
    rCSI 8.93%
    PRS 84.76
  • blood vessel endothelial cell CL0000071
    CSI 10.57
    rCSI 21.93%
    PRS 80.78
  • Hofbauer cell CL3000001
    CSI 10.32
    rCSI 19.49%
    PRS 90.4
  • midzonal region hepatocyte CL0019028
    CSI 9
    rCSI 21.11%
    PRS 82.74
  • CD14-positive monocyte CL0001054
    CSI 8.69
    rCSI 10.83%
    PRS 91.39
  • colon macrophage CL0009038
    CSI 8.35
    rCSI 38.58%
    PRS 93.37
  • tracheobronchial serous cell CL0019001
    CSI 8.22
    rCSI 35.53%
    PRS 88.95
  • lung interstitial macrophage CL4033043
    CSI 8.21
    rCSI 18.44%
    PRS 93.25
  • adventitial cell CL0002503
    CSI 8.19
    rCSI 19.57%
    PRS 87.05
  • centrilobular region hepatocyte CL0019029
    CSI 8.06
    rCSI 21.02%
    PRS 81.32
  • monocyte CL0000576
    CSI 8.01
    rCSI 14.48%
    PRS 87.02
  • myofibroblast cell CL0000186
    CSI 7.97
    rCSI 11.04%
    PRS 80.49
  • bronchial goblet cell CL1000312
    CSI 7.24
    rCSI 28.94%
    PRS 89.73
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 7.2
    rCSI 6.5%
    PRS 82.22
  • stratified epithelial cell CL0000079
    CSI 7.1
    rCSI 43.82%
    PRS 89.85
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 6.88
    rCSI 12.32%
    PRS 82.81
  • capillary endothelial cell CL0002144
    CSI 6.76
    rCSI 12.39%
    PRS 86.41
  • endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid CL0019021
    CSI 6.7
    rCSI 30.72%
    PRS 86.91
  • CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte CL0002057
    CSI 6.4
    rCSI 38.71%
    PRS 92.48
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 6.16
    rCSI 9.02%
    PRS 88.08
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 6.1
    rCSI 5.41%
    PRS 81.36
  • cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008
    CSI 6
    rCSI 24.22%
    PRS 83.84
  • lung macrophage CL1001603
    CSI 5.83
    rCSI 13.03%
    PRS 89.94
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 5.71
    rCSI 4.64%
    PRS 83.12
  • stromal cell CL0000499
    CSI 5.59
    rCSI 15.72%
    PRS 78.97
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI 5.52
    rCSI 4.15%
    PRS 88.86
  • periportal region hepatocyte CL0019026
    CSI 5.51
    rCSI 21.44%
    PRS 82.17
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 5.48
    rCSI 9.02%
    PRS 87.07
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 5.43
    rCSI 5.42%
    PRS 77.78
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 5.43
    rCSI 5.24%
    PRS 77.99
  • vein endothelial cell CL0002543
    CSI 5.42
    rCSI 14.78%
    PRS 89.3
  • mononuclear phagocyte CL0000113
    CSI 5.31
    rCSI 11.69%
    PRS 86.98
  • goblet cell CL0000160
    CSI 5.24
    rCSI 4.95%
    PRS 81.96
  • vein endothelial cell of respiratory system CL4033008
    CSI 5.2
    rCSI 35.67%
    PRS 88.97
  • endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel CL0002138
    CSI 5.14
    rCSI 10.18%
    PRS 87.67
  • paneth cell CL0000510
    CSI 5.06
    rCSI 7.47%
    PRS 91.89
  • CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002397
    CSI 4.96
    rCSI 6.5%
    PRS 92.54
  • mammary gland epithelial cell CL0002327
    CSI 4.79
    rCSI 16.82%
    PRS 90.24
  • granulocyte CL0000094
    CSI 4.58
    rCSI 7%
    PRS 89.77
  • colonocyte CL1000347
    CSI 4.36
    rCSI 6.25%
    PRS 83.57
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 4.33
    rCSI 4.53%
    PRS 81.11
  • inflammatory macrophage CL0000863
    CSI 4.27
    rCSI 7.29%
    PRS 95.26
  • M cell of gut CL0000682
    CSI 4.19
    rCSI 4.45%
    PRS 87.72
  • pulmonary ionocyte CL0017000
    CSI 4.13
    rCSI 5.03%
    PRS 89.19
  • nasal mucosa goblet cell CL0002480
    CSI 4.04
    rCSI 4.68%
    PRS 86.49
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 4
    rCSI 6.39%
    PRS 86.97
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 4
    rCSI 6.11%
    PRS 83.64
  • basal cell CL0000646
    CSI 3.99
    rCSI 5.33%
    PRS 81.68
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 3.97
    rCSI 6.09%
    PRS 90.79
  • acinar cell CL0000622
    CSI 3.96
    rCSI 5.81%
    PRS 91.48
  • alternatively activated macrophage CL0000890
    CSI 3.95
    rCSI 4.97%
    PRS 91.51
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 3.92
    rCSI 4.53%
    PRS 76.62
  • lung endothelial cell CL1001567
    CSI 3.81
    rCSI 8.88%
    PRS 92.27
  • peptic cell CL0000155
    CSI 3.42
    rCSI 33.64%
    PRS 91.52
  • mucus secreting cell CL0000319
    CSI 3.34
    rCSI 5.3%
    PRS 90.69
  • basal-myoepithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002324
    CSI 3.31
    rCSI 6.26%
    PRS 91.97
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 8.16%
    PRS 83.86
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 3.87%
    PRS 85.1
  • serous secreting cell CL0000313
    CSI 3.27
    rCSI 16.53%
    PRS 93.12
  • renal principal cell CL0005009
    CSI 3.23
    rCSI 8.39%
    PRS 83.57
  • squamous epithelial cell CL0000076
    CSI 3.13
    rCSI 7.42%
    PRS 82.97
  • hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037
    CSI 3.13
    rCSI 2.08%
    PRS 85.97
  • alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004
    CSI 3.08
    rCSI 3.37%
    PRS 85.37
  • fibroblast of breast CL4006000
    CSI 3
    rCSI 12.62%
    PRS 87.22
  • enterocyte CL0000584
    CSI 2.96
    rCSI 4.77%
    PRS 82.12
  • airway submucosal gland duct basal cell CL4033024
    CSI 2.96
    rCSI 18.91%
    PRS 87.4
  • respiratory hillock cell CL4030023
    CSI 2.94
    rCSI 5.24%
    PRS 90.47
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 2.87
    rCSI 4.53%
    PRS 84.93
  • pulmonary alveolar type 1 cell CL0002062
    CSI 2.83
    rCSI 16.33%
    PRS 80.02
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 2.83
    rCSI 4.89%
    PRS 75.95
  • serous secreting cell of bronchus submucosal gland CL4033005
    CSI 2.77
    rCSI 15.78%
    PRS 89.45
  • prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell CL2000059
    CSI 2.72
    rCSI 64.95%
    PRS 90.21
  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 2.69
    rCSI 2.18%
    PRS 85.69
  • foveolar cell of stomach CL0002179
    CSI 2.56
    rCSI 5.44%
    PRS 88.53
  • megakaryocyte CL0000556
    CSI 2.46
    rCSI 10.69%
    PRS 87.73
  • respiratory goblet cell CL0002370
    CSI 2.43
    rCSI 26.38%
    PRS 89.65
  • keratinocyte CL0000312
    CSI 2.38
    rCSI 1.99%
    PRS 85.73
  • smooth muscle cell of the pulmonary artery CL0002591
    CSI 2.36
    rCSI 18.11%
    PRS 84.7
  • megakaryocyte progenitor cell CL0000553
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 6.1%
    PRS 96.0%
  • pancreatic stellate cell CL0002410
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 86.7%
  • group 2 innate lymphoid cell CL0001069
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 96.2%
  • acinar cell of salivary gland CL0002623
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 10.3%
    PRS 92.3%
  • eosinophil CL0000771
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 95.5%
  • blood vessel smooth muscle cell CL0019018
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 4.7%
    PRS 78.6%
  • endothelial cell of placenta CL0009092
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 89.9%
  • luminal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002340
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 4.3%
    PRS 90.2%
  • tissue-resident macrophage CL0000864
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 93.0%
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of colon CL0009043
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 7.1%
    PRS 91.4%
  • deuterosomal cell CL4033044
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 80.3%
  • tracheal goblet cell CL1000329
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 88.9%
  • smooth muscle cell of prostate CL1000487
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 7.7%
    PRS 88.3%
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 81.3%
  • vasa recta descending limb cell CL1001285
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 12.8%
    PRS 90.4%
  • glandular epithelial cell CL0000150
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 4.5%
    PRS 93.0%
  • endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid CL0019022
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 5.4%
    PRS 87.2%
  • promyelocyte CL0000836
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 88.2%
  • metallothionein-positive alveolar macrophage CL4033042
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 19.5%
    PRS 91.4%
  • basal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002341
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 5.2%
    PRS 88.7%
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 88.2%
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 73.5%
  • perivascular cell CL4033054
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 87.9%
  • smooth muscle cell of the pulmonary artery CL0002591
    CSI 2.4
    rCSI 18.1%
    PRS 84.7%
  • keratinocyte CL0000312
    CSI 2.4
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 85.7%
  • respiratory goblet cell CL0002370
    CSI 2.4
    rCSI 26.4%
    PRS 89.7%
  • megakaryocyte CL0000556
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 10.7%
    PRS 87.7%
  • foveolar cell of stomach CL0002179
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 5.4%
    PRS 88.5%
  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 85.7%
  • prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell CL2000059
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 65.0%
    PRS 90.2%
  • serous secreting cell of bronchus submucosal gland CL4033005
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 15.8%
    PRS 89.5%
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 4.9%
    PRS 76.0%
  • pulmonary alveolar type 1 cell CL0002062
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 16.3%
    PRS 80.0%
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 4.5%
    PRS 84.9%
  • respiratory hillock cell CL4030023
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 5.2%
    PRS 90.5%
  • airway submucosal gland duct basal cell CL4033024
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 18.9%
    PRS 87.4%
  • enterocyte CL0000584
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 4.8%
    PRS 82.1%
  • fibroblast of breast CL4006000
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 12.6%
    PRS 87.2%
  • alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 85.4%
  • hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 86.0%
  • squamous epithelial cell CL0000076
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 7.4%
    PRS 83.0%
  • renal principal cell CL0005009
    CSI 3.2
    rCSI 8.4%
    PRS 83.6%
  • serous secreting cell CL0000313
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 16.5%
    PRS 93.1%
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 3.9%
    PRS 85.1%
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 8.2%
    PRS 83.9%
  • basal-myoepithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002324
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 6.3%
    PRS 92.0%
  • mucus secreting cell CL0000319
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 5.3%
    PRS 90.7%
  • peptic cell CL0000155
    CSI 3.4
    rCSI 33.6%
    PRS 91.5%
  • lung endothelial cell CL1001567
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 8.9%
    PRS 92.3%
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 3.9
    rCSI 4.5%
    PRS 76.6%
  • alternatively activated macrophage CL0000890
    CSI 4.0
    rCSI 5.0%
    PRS 91.5%
  • acinar cell CL0000622
    CSI 4.0
    rCSI 5.8%
    PRS 91.5%
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 4.0
    rCSI 6.1%
    PRS 90.8%
  • basal cell CL0000646
    CSI 4.0
    rCSI 5.3%
    PRS 81.7%
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 4.0
    rCSI 6.1%
    PRS 83.6%
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 4.0
    rCSI 6.4%
    PRS 87.0%
  • nasal mucosa goblet cell CL0002480
    CSI 4.0
    rCSI 4.7%
    PRS 86.5%
  • pulmonary ionocyte CL0017000
    CSI 4.1
    rCSI 5.0%
    PRS 89.2%
  • M cell of gut CL0000682
    CSI 4.2
    rCSI 4.5%
    PRS 87.7%
  • inflammatory macrophage CL0000863
    CSI 4.3
    rCSI 7.3%
    PRS 95.3%
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 4.3
    rCSI 4.5%
    PRS 81.1%
  • colonocyte CL1000347
    CSI 4.4
    rCSI 6.3%
    PRS 83.6%
  • granulocyte CL0000094
    CSI 4.6
    rCSI 7.0%
    PRS 89.8%
  • mammary gland epithelial cell CL0002327
    CSI 4.8
    rCSI 16.8%
    PRS 90.2%
  • CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002397
    CSI 5.0
    rCSI 6.5%
    PRS 92.5%
  • paneth cell CL0000510
    CSI 5.1
    rCSI 7.5%
    PRS 91.9%
  • endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel CL0002138
    CSI 5.1
    rCSI 10.2%
    PRS 87.7%
  • vein endothelial cell of respiratory system CL4033008
    CSI 5.2
    rCSI 35.7%
    PRS 89.0%
  • goblet cell CL0000160
    CSI 5.2
    rCSI 5.0%
    PRS 82.0%
  • mononuclear phagocyte CL0000113
    CSI 5.3
    rCSI 11.7%
    PRS 87.0%
  • vein endothelial cell CL0002543
    CSI 5.4
    rCSI 14.8%
    PRS 89.3%
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 5.4
    rCSI 5.2%
    PRS 78.0%
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 5.4
    rCSI 5.4%
    PRS 77.8%
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 5.5
    rCSI 9.0%
    PRS 87.1%
  • periportal region hepatocyte CL0019026
    CSI 5.5
    rCSI 21.4%
    PRS 82.2%
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI 5.5
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 88.9%
  • stromal cell CL0000499
    CSI 5.6
    rCSI 15.7%
    PRS 79.0%
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 5.7
    rCSI 4.6%
    PRS 83.1%
  • lung macrophage CL1001603
    CSI 5.8
    rCSI 13.0%
    PRS 89.9%
  • cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008
    CSI 6.0
    rCSI 24.2%
    PRS 83.8%
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 6.1
    rCSI 5.4%
    PRS 81.4%
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 6.2
    rCSI 9.0%
    PRS 88.1%
  • CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte CL0002057
    CSI 6.4
    rCSI 38.7%
    PRS 92.5%
  • endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid CL0019021
    CSI 6.7
    rCSI 30.7%
    PRS 86.9%
  • capillary endothelial cell CL0002144
    CSI 6.8
    rCSI 12.4%
    PRS 86.4%
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 6.9
    rCSI 12.3%
    PRS 82.8%
  • stratified epithelial cell CL0000079
    CSI 7.1
    rCSI 43.8%
    PRS 89.9%
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 7.2
    rCSI 6.5%
    PRS 82.2%
  • bronchial goblet cell CL1000312
    CSI 7.2
    rCSI 28.9%
    PRS 89.7%
  • myofibroblast cell CL0000186
    CSI 8.0
    rCSI 11.0%
    PRS 80.5%
  • monocyte CL0000576
    CSI 8.0
    rCSI 14.5%
    PRS 87.0%
  • centrilobular region hepatocyte CL0019029
    CSI 8.1
    rCSI 21.0%
    PRS 81.3%
  • adventitial cell CL0002503
    CSI 8.2
    rCSI 19.6%
    PRS 87.1%
  • lung interstitial macrophage CL4033043
    CSI 8.2
    rCSI 18.4%
    PRS 93.3%
  • tracheobronchial serous cell CL0019001
    CSI 8.2
    rCSI 35.5%
    PRS 89.0%
  • colon macrophage CL0009038
    CSI 8.4
    rCSI 38.6%
    PRS 93.4%
  • CD14-positive monocyte CL0001054
    CSI 8.7
    rCSI 10.8%
    PRS 91.4%
  • midzonal region hepatocyte CL0019028
    CSI 9.0
    rCSI 21.1%
    PRS 82.7%
  • Hofbauer cell CL3000001
    CSI 10.3
    rCSI 19.5%
    PRS 90.4%
  • blood vessel endothelial cell CL0000071
    CSI 10.6
    rCSI 21.9%
    PRS 80.8%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [CXCL2](/details-gene/2920) (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 4q13.3. It encodes a small, secreted cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family, which is a potent chemoattractant and activator for neutrophils. Functionally, [CXCL2](/details-gene/2920) plays a critical role in the innate immune system, particularly in mediating the inflammatory response, neutrophil chemotaxis, and the cellular response to bacterial components like lipopolysaccharide. Expression data indicates that **Overall**, [CXCL2](/details-gene/2920) is most significantly expressed in cells forming barrier tissues, such as the [epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract](/details-cell/CL0002632), and in stromal cells like [skin fibroblast](/details-cell/CL0002620) and endothelial cells. Its high expression in [elicited macrophage](/details-cell/CL0000861) highlights its role in activated immune contexts. Clinically, it is associated with inflammatory processes ([139110](https://omim.org/entry/139110)). ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [CXCL2](/details-gene/2920) reveals its primary function as a key signaling molecule at the interface between tissues and the immune system. **Overall**, the gene's significance is highest in non-hematopoietic cells that constitute physical and biological barriers. It is a top marker for [epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract](/details-cell/CL0002632) (CSI: 77.37), [pulmonary alveolar type 2 cell](/details-cell/CL0002063), and various other epithelial and secretory cells. This pattern suggests that these cells are primary sources of [CXCL2](/details-gene/2920), likely acting as first responders to infection or tissue damage by initiating an inflammatory cascade. Beyond epithelial barriers, [CXCL2](/details-gene/2920) is also highly significant in stromal and endothelial cell types, including [skin fibroblast](/details-cell/CL0002620) (CSI: 36.86), [pulmonary artery endothelial cell](/details-cell/CL1001568) (CSI: 31.77), and [vascular associated smooth muscle cell](/details-cell/CL0000359). This suggests a broader role in orchestrating the local tissue environment during inflammation. The high significance in [elicited macrophage](/details-cell/CL0000861) is consistent with studies showing its induction in activated monocytes and macrophages, reinforcing its role as a mediator of inflammation and tissue repair ([Link](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2341726/)). ## Pathways and Molecular Function The biological functions of [CXCL2](/details-gene/2920) are well-defined by its involvement in key immune and signaling pathways. As a secreted protein found in the [Extracellular region](/details-go/GO:0005576), its primary molecular function is [Chemokine activity](/details-go/GO:0008009) through binding to CXC chemokine receptors ([Cxcr chemokine receptor binding](/details-go/GO:0045236)). This activity drives several critical biological processes. The gene is a central player in the [Inflammatory response](/details-go/GO:0006954) and is particularly important for [Neutrophil chemotaxis](/details-go/GO:0030593), the directed migration of neutrophils to sites of inflammation. This is consistent with its high expression in barrier epithelial cells upon stimulation by bacterial molecules, as reflected by its annotation to [Cellular response to lipopolysaccharide](/details-go/GO:0071222) and [Response to molecule of bacterial origin](/details-go/GO:0002237). From a systems perspective, these functions are integrated within broader Reactome pathways such as [Cytokine signaling in immune system](/details-pathway/R-HSA-1280215) and [Chemokine receptors bind chemokines](/details-pathway/R-HSA-380108). Its role as a ligand for G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) is detailed in pathways like [G alpha (i) signalling events](/details-pathway/R-HSA-418594) and [Signaling by gpcr](/details-pathway/R-HSA-372790), underscoring its mechanism of action in cell signaling. ## Research Directions The expression profile and functional annotation of [CXCL2](/details-gene/2920) position it as a critical initiator of innate immune responses at barrier surfaces. Future research should focus on dissecting its precise role in disease pathogenesis and its potential as a therapeutic target. ### Proposed Hypotheses 1. **[CXCL2](/details-gene/2920) from respiratory epithelial cells is a primary driver of neutrophil recruitment during acute lung injury.** The extremely high CSI score in [epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract](/details-cell/CL0002632) suggests these cells are a major source of this chemokine. We hypothesize that pathogen- or damage-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs/DAMPs) trigger massive [CXCL2](/details-gene/2920) secretion from the lung epithelium, creating a chemokine gradient essential for the initial wave of neutrophil infiltration. 2. **Stromal-derived [CXCL2](/details-gene/2920) contributes to the pathogenesis of fibrosis.** Its high expression in [skin fibroblast](/details-cell/CL0002620) and [hepatic stellate cell](/details-cell/CL0000632) suggests a role beyond acute inflammation. We hypothesize that in chronic inflammatory states, persistent [CXCL2](/details-gene/2920) production by these stromal cells perpetuates low-grade neutrophil presence and promotes fibrotic tissue remodeling through direct or indirect mechanisms. ### Experimental Approach To test the first hypothesis regarding the role of epithelial-derived [CXCL2](/details-gene/2920) in lung injury, a CRISPR-Cas9-based knockout of [CXCL2](/details-gene/2920) could be generated in a human bronchial epithelial cell line (e.g., BEAS-2B). These knockout cells and their wild-type counterparts would be stimulated with LPS or a viral mimic like poly(I:C). The conditioned media would be collected and analyzed for its ability to induce primary human neutrophil migration using a transwell chemotaxis assay. A significant reduction in neutrophil migration towards the media from the knockout cells would confirm that epithelial [CXCL2](/details-gene/2920) is a critical initiating signal for neutrophil recruitment. ### Therapeutic Potential Given its potent pro-inflammatory and neutrophil-recruiting functions, [CXCL2](/details-gene/2920) represents an attractive therapeutic target for **inhibition** in diseases characterized by excessive neutrophil-mediated tissue damage. Such conditions include Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), inflammatory bowel disease, and certain autoimmune disorders. Therapeutic strategies could involve developing monoclonal antibodies that neutralize circulating [CXCL2](/details-gene/2920) or small molecule antagonists that block its interaction with its primary receptor, CXCR2. A key challenge will be achieving sufficient specificity, as other chemokines also bind CXCR2, and balancing the need to reduce pathological inflammation without completely compromising the essential host defense against infections.

Genular Protein ID: 2445090362

Symbol: CXCL2_HUMAN

Name: C-X-C motif chemokine 2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2201751

Title: Cloning and characterization of cDNAs for murine macrophage inflammatory protein 2 and its human homologues.

PubMed ID: 2201751

DOI: 10.1084/jem.172.3.911

PubMed ID: 2078213

Title: Cloning and sequencing of a new gro transcript from activated human monocytes: expression in leukocytes and wound tissue.

PubMed ID: 2078213

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.10.10.5596-5599.1990

PubMed ID: 2217207

Title: Identification of three related human GRO genes encoding cytokine functions.

PubMed ID: 2217207

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.87.19.7732

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 2341726

Title: Monocyte adherence results in selective induction of novel genes sharing homology with mediators of inflammation and tissue repair.

PubMed ID: 2341726

PubMed ID: 10725737

Title: Identification of unique truncated KC/GRO beta chemokines with potent hematopoietic and anti-infective activities.

PubMed ID: 10725737

DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.164.7.3774

PubMed ID: 10600366

Title: Nuclear magnetic resonance solution structure of truncated human GRObeta [5-73] and its structural comparison with CXC chemokine family members GROalpha and IL-8.

PubMed ID: 10600366

DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1999.3333

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 107
  • Mass: 11389
  • Checksum: 740F277E928571BA
  • Sequence:
  • MARATLSAAP SNPRLLRVAL LLLLLVAASR RAAGAPLATE LRCQCLQTLQ GIHLKNIQSV 
    KVKSPGPHCA QTEVIATLKN GQKACLNPAS PMVKKIIEKM LKNGKSN