Details for: CXCL2

Gene ID: 2920

Symbol: CXCL2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000081041

Description: C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 245.1377
    Cell Significance Index: -38.1300
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 143.2326
    Cell Significance Index: -36.3300
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 85.9522
    Cell Significance Index: -40.5800
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 78.9097
    Cell Significance Index: -40.5900
  • Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
    Fold Change: 60.6314
    Cell Significance Index: -40.6900
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of exocrine pancreas (CL1001433)
    Fold Change: 39.7641
    Cell Significance Index: 19.9700
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 30.9176
    Cell Significance Index: -38.1200
  • Cell Name: inflammatory cell (CL0009002)
    Fold Change: 24.8981
    Cell Significance Index: 142.7600
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: 14.7277
    Cell Significance Index: 217.3800
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 12.2000
    Cell Significance Index: 349.7200
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 9.5108
    Cell Significance Index: -37.5300
  • Cell Name: prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell (CL2000059)
    Fold Change: 9.4836
    Cell Significance Index: 68.1100
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 6.1390
    Cell Significance Index: 793.1200
  • Cell Name: luminal hormone-sensing cell of mammary gland (CL4033058)
    Fold Change: 5.1152
    Cell Significance Index: 31.4800
  • Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
    Fold Change: 5.0087
    Cell Significance Index: 88.5100
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 4.3331
    Cell Significance Index: 203.6500
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 4.1193
    Cell Significance Index: 69.3900
  • Cell Name: stem cell of epidermis (CL1000428)
    Fold Change: 3.7660
    Cell Significance Index: 11.2000
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 3.5876
    Cell Significance Index: 267.3800
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 2.3461
    Cell Significance Index: 63.8600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: 1.1996
    Cell Significance Index: 136.9300
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 1.0503
    Cell Significance Index: 16.2500
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.9680
    Cell Significance Index: 528.6400
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: 0.8401
    Cell Significance Index: 19.4100
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.7375
    Cell Significance Index: 34.3900
  • Cell Name: monocyte-derived dendritic cell (CL0011031)
    Fold Change: 0.6019
    Cell Significance Index: 10.3400
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.4378
    Cell Significance Index: 331.4000
  • Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
    Fold Change: 0.3268
    Cell Significance Index: 4.7000
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.2817
    Cell Significance Index: 254.3200
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.2667
    Cell Significance Index: 50.7500
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.2489
    Cell Significance Index: 11.2800
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.2161
    Cell Significance Index: 95.5500
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.1827
    Cell Significance Index: 23.4200
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.1419
    Cell Significance Index: 28.1600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.0838
    Cell Significance Index: 13.6300
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: 0.0792
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: 0.0684
    Cell Significance Index: 42.7300
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0225
    Cell Significance Index: 0.7900
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.0131
    Cell Significance Index: 1.6100
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.0082
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.0050
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8500
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.0034
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0047
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4800
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.0048
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1200
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0204
    Cell Significance Index: -38.3600
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0237
    Cell Significance Index: -43.7200
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.0242
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2500
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: -0.0244
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6600
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0275
    Cell Significance Index: -42.2900
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.0353
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7800
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: -0.0380
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3100
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0421
    Cell Significance Index: -23.7300
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0486
    Cell Significance Index: -35.6700
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0524
    Cell Significance Index: -33.2700
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.0526
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1500
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: -0.0600
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3000
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: -0.0662
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4000
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: -0.0676
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2500
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0705
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0772
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0871
    Cell Significance Index: -10.1500
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0885
    Cell Significance Index: -40.1500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1042
    Cell Significance Index: -21.9400
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.1127
    Cell Significance Index: -40.4400
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.1225
    Cell Significance Index: -22.0900
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.1428
    Cell Significance Index: -41.0900
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: -0.1564
    Cell Significance Index: -9.3900
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.1643
    Cell Significance Index: -11.6200
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: -0.1699
    Cell Significance Index: -11.7500
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.1982
    Cell Significance Index: -39.7600
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.2534
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3000
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.2652
    Cell Significance Index: -38.5500
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.2929
    Cell Significance Index: -17.9600
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.3207
    Cell Significance Index: -16.6600
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.3473
    Cell Significance Index: -40.9600
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.3754
    Cell Significance Index: -39.0900
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.3785
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4900
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.3907
    Cell Significance Index: -10.9200
  • Cell Name: foveolar cell of stomach (CL0002179)
    Fold Change: -0.4241
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7700
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.4302
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8700
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.5218
    Cell Significance Index: -40.0400
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar type 2 cell (CL0002063)
    Fold Change: -0.5301
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3900
  • Cell Name: intrahepatic cholangiocyte (CL0002538)
    Fold Change: -0.5788
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1800
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.5985
    Cell Significance Index: -19.1700
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.6117
    Cell Significance Index: -41.1300
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.6345
    Cell Significance Index: -40.9400
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.6419
    Cell Significance Index: -17.1400
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.6435
    Cell Significance Index: -40.5600
  • Cell Name: perivascular cell (CL4033054)
    Fold Change: -0.6779
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1300
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.6865
    Cell Significance Index: -38.5200
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.6959
    Cell Significance Index: -42.7800
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.7053
    Cell Significance Index: -37.0300
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.7148
    Cell Significance Index: -26.2400
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.7219
    Cell Significance Index: -15.1100
  • Cell Name: seromucus secreting cell (CL0000159)
    Fold Change: -0.7518
    Cell Significance Index: -15.6800
  • Cell Name: luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland (CL0002326)
    Fold Change: -0.7889
    Cell Significance Index: -10.1600
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.8176
    Cell Significance Index: -21.8700
  • Cell Name: L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030063)
    Fold Change: -0.8841
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6900
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.8872
    Cell Significance Index: -23.3300
  • Cell Name: salivary gland glandular cell (CL1001596)
    Fold Change: -0.8893
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9500

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** CXCL2 is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family, which is characterized by the presence of two conserved cysteine residues separated by three amino acids. This structure confers the ability of CXCL2 to bind to its specific receptor, CXCR1, and induce chemotaxis in target cells. CXCL2 is a monomeric chemokine, consisting of 78 amino acids, and its expression is tightly regulated by various transcription factors and signaling pathways. **Pathways and Functions** CXCL2 is involved in several key signaling pathways that regulate immune responses, including: 1. **Antimicrobial humoral immune response**: CXCL2 is produced by epithelial cells and other immune cells in response to bacterial infections, and it recruits neutrophils to the site of infection through binding to CXCR1. 2. **Chemotaxis**: CXCL2 induces chemotaxis in target cells, including neutrophils, through binding to CXCR1 and activating the G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling pathway. 3. **Inflammatory response**: CXCL2 is involved in the resolution of inflammation by recruiting immune cells to the site of inflammation and promoting the clearance of pathogens. 4. **Cytokine signaling**: CXCL2 interacts with other cytokines, such as IL-10, to regulate immune responses and prevent excessive inflammation. **Clinical Significance** CXCL2 has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Inflammatory bowel disease**: Elevated levels of CXCL2 have been observed in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), suggesting a role in the recruitment of immune cells to the gut. 2. **Bacterial infections**: CXCL2 is involved in the defense against bacterial infections, including pneumonia and sepsis. 3. **Cancer**: CXCL2 has been shown to promote tumor growth and metastasis in certain types of cancer, including breast and lung cancer. 4. **Neurological disorders**: CXCL2 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders, including multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. In conclusion, CXCL2 is a critical chemokine that plays a key role in the regulation of immune responses, particularly in the recruitment of neutrophils to sites of inflammation. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, highlighting the importance of CXCL2 in maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing excessive inflammation.

Genular Protein ID: 2445090362

Symbol: CXCL2_HUMAN

Name: C-X-C motif chemokine 2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P19875 Q6FGD6 Q9UPB8

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 7 Ensembl 1 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 11 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 6 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 2 PDBsum 2 PIR 1 PRINTS 2 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 3 RefSeq 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2201751

Title: Cloning and characterization of cDNAs for murine macrophage inflammatory protein 2 and its human homologues.

PubMed ID: 2201751

DOI: 10.1084/jem.172.3.911

PubMed ID: 2078213

Title: Cloning and sequencing of a new gro transcript from activated human monocytes: expression in leukocytes and wound tissue.

PubMed ID: 2078213

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.10.10.5596-5599.1990

PubMed ID: 2217207

Title: Identification of three related human GRO genes encoding cytokine functions.

PubMed ID: 2217207

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.87.19.7732

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 2341726

Title: Monocyte adherence results in selective induction of novel genes sharing homology with mediators of inflammation and tissue repair.

PubMed ID: 2341726

PubMed ID: 10725737

Title: Identification of unique truncated KC/GRO beta chemokines with potent hematopoietic and anti-infective activities.

PubMed ID: 10725737

DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.164.7.3774

PubMed ID: 10600366

Title: Nuclear magnetic resonance solution structure of truncated human GRObeta [5-73] and its structural comparison with CXC chemokine family members GROalpha and IL-8.

PubMed ID: 10600366

DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1999.3333

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 107
  • Mass: 11389
  • Checksum: 740F277E928571BA
  • Sequence:
    • MARATLSAAP SNPRLLRVAL LLLLLVAASR RAAGAPLATE LRCQCLQTLQ GIHLKNIQSV 
KVKSPGPHCA QTEVIATLKN GQKACLNPAS PMVKKIIEKM LKNGKSN

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.