Details for: PTMA

Gene ID: 5757

Symbol: PTMA

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000187514

Description: prothymosin alpha

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 1671.1538
    Cell Significance Index: -259.9400
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 1046.6270
    Cell Significance Index: -265.4700
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 848.6395
    Cell Significance Index: -349.6000
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 722.3758
    Cell Significance Index: -341.0500
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 665.3379
    Cell Significance Index: -342.2400
  • Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
    Fold Change: 510.8028
    Cell Significance Index: -342.7600
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 256.8786
    Cell Significance Index: -316.7200
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 87.1454
    Cell Significance Index: -343.8800
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 77.4112
    Cell Significance Index: -237.7700
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 49.8266
    Cell Significance Index: -109.0500
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 46.5067
    Cell Significance Index: -124.5900
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: 14.9374
    Cell Significance Index: 519.0700
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 13.4604
    Cell Significance Index: 353.9400
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 11.2904
    Cell Significance Index: 530.6400
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 11.0501
    Cell Significance Index: 580.1700
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: 10.1017
    Cell Significance Index: 114.7600
  • Cell Name: theca cell (CL0000503)
    Fold Change: 9.7029
    Cell Significance Index: 57.0100
  • Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
    Fold Change: 9.3720
    Cell Significance Index: 165.6200
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 8.5766
    Cell Significance Index: 553.3200
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 8.3753
    Cell Significance Index: 987.7000
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 8.3266
    Cell Significance Index: 1143.4700
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 7.9846
    Cell Significance Index: 3530.1900
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 7.9591
    Cell Significance Index: 4346.6500
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 7.7232
    Cell Significance Index: 161.6600
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 7.2487
    Cell Significance Index: 512.6600
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 7.1754
    Cell Significance Index: 882.2900
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: 7.1613
    Cell Significance Index: 165.4500
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 7.0000
    Cell Significance Index: 200.6600
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 6.9266
    Cell Significance Index: 894.8700
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 6.7133
    Cell Significance Index: 500.3400
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 6.5506
    Cell Significance Index: 1180.8600
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 6.5034
    Cell Significance Index: 120.2000
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 5.5594
    Cell Significance Index: 712.6800
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 5.2584
    Cell Significance Index: 143.1300
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: 5.1769
    Cell Significance Index: 56.2800
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: 4.0147
    Cell Significance Index: 51.4200
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 3.6078
    Cell Significance Index: 356.8900
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 3.3206
    Cell Significance Index: 2513.4500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 2.9700
    Cell Significance Index: 507.1500
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 2.9176
    Cell Significance Index: 136.0300
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 2.6967
    Cell Significance Index: 79.2000
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 2.1125
    Cell Significance Index: 419.2300
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: 2.0501
    Cell Significance Index: 589.8700
  • Cell Name: luminal hormone-sensing cell of mammary gland (CL4033058)
    Fold Change: 2.0011
    Cell Significance Index: 12.3200
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 1.5295
    Cell Significance Index: 40.8400
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 1.3360
    Cell Significance Index: 82.1200
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: 1.2921
    Cell Significance Index: 947.3800
  • Cell Name: kidney cell (CL1000497)
    Fold Change: 0.9575
    Cell Significance Index: 7.6500
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.8244
    Cell Significance Index: 46.2600
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.4550
    Cell Significance Index: 91.2700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.4110
    Cell Significance Index: 66.8400
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.3766
    Cell Significance Index: 71.6600
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.2538
    Cell Significance Index: 91.0400
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: 0.1464
    Cell Significance Index: 2.4500
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0139
    Cell Significance Index: -26.1100
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.1087
    Cell Significance Index: -11.1000
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.1321
    Cell Significance Index: -203.4200
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.1481
    Cell Significance Index: -201.4000
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.1483
    Cell Significance Index: -273.4200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.1562
    Cell Significance Index: -115.6900
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.2217
    Cell Significance Index: -17.5600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.3052
    Cell Significance Index: -190.5700
  • Cell Name: oral mucosa squamous cell (CL1001576)
    Fold Change: -0.3619
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1100
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.3902
    Cell Significance Index: -247.8100
  • Cell Name: prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell (CL2000059)
    Fold Change: -0.4017
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8800
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.4312
    Cell Significance Index: -243.1800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.4322
    Cell Significance Index: -49.3300
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.6089
    Cell Significance Index: -276.3500
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.6960
    Cell Significance Index: -36.1600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.7652
    Cell Significance Index: -161.1700
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -1.1486
    Cell Significance Index: -32.1000
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -1.5356
    Cell Significance Index: -39.2300
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -1.6267
    Cell Significance Index: -14.9800
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -1.8218
    Cell Significance Index: -264.8300
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -1.9057
    Cell Significance Index: -120.1100
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -1.9545
    Cell Significance Index: -227.7700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -1.9801
    Cell Significance Index: -226.8500
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -2.6473
    Cell Significance Index: -84.7900
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000810)
    Fold Change: -2.8917
    Cell Significance Index: -49.8500
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: -2.9743
    Cell Significance Index: -17.9700
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -3.1024
    Cell Significance Index: -140.6200
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -3.1919
    Cell Significance Index: -332.3500
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -3.5993
    Cell Significance Index: -276.2100
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -3.8835
    Cell Significance Index: -261.1300
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -3.9610
    Cell Significance Index: -67.8800
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -4.9818
    Cell Significance Index: -67.9700
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -5.5365
    Cell Significance Index: -339.4400
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -5.8873
    Cell Significance Index: -70.1800
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: -6.0818
    Cell Significance Index: -131.7600
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -6.0876
    Cell Significance Index: -317.1000
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: -6.1012
    Cell Significance Index: -91.4200
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -6.2799
    Cell Significance Index: -184.9700
  • Cell Name: microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell (CL0008035)
    Fold Change: -6.7394
    Cell Significance Index: -56.6100
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -6.8444
    Cell Significance Index: -302.7500
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -6.8506
    Cell Significance Index: -183.2500
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -7.1996
    Cell Significance Index: -172.6700
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -7.6048
    Cell Significance Index: -190.1000
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -8.1573
    Cell Significance Index: -299.4500
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -8.2562
    Cell Significance Index: -312.6400
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -8.3232
    Cell Significance Index: -213.9500

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Expression Pattern:** PTMA is expressed in a wide range of cell types, including malignant cells, activated T cells, B cells, and smooth muscle cells. 2. **Function:** PTMA has been shown to regulate transcription, DNA replication, and apoptosis, making it a key player in maintaining cellular homeostasis. 3. **DNA-binding properties:** PTMA has been shown to bind to DNA, specifically to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II region, which is crucial for the regulation of immune responses. 4. **Protein-protein interactions:** PTMA has been shown to interact with various proteins, including transcription factors, DNA-binding proteins, and kinases, which further highlights its multifaceted role in cellular processes. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Transcriptional regulation:** PTMA has been shown to regulate transcription by binding to DNA and interacting with transcription factors, such as NF-κB and AP-1. 2. **Apoptosis regulation:** PTMA has been implicated in the regulation of apoptosis, particularly in the context of cancer, where it may act as a tumor suppressor. 3. **Immune response modulation:** PTMA has been shown to modulate immune responses, particularly in the context of autoimmunity, where it may act as an anti-inflammatory agent. 4. **DNA replication regulation:** PTMA has been shown to regulate DNA replication, which is critical for cell proliferation and survival. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Cancer:** PTMA has been implicated in the regulation of apoptosis and transcription, making it a potential target for cancer therapy. 2. **Autoimmunity:** PTMA has been shown to modulate immune responses, particularly in the context of autoimmunity, where it may act as an anti-inflammatory agent. 3. **Immunodeficiency:** PTMA has been implicated in the regulation of immune responses, particularly in the context of immunodeficiency diseases, where it may act as a regulator of immune cell function. 4. **Neurological disorders:** PTMA has been shown to regulate transcription and DNA replication, which may have implications for the treatment of neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. In conclusion, PTMA is a multifaceted gene that plays a crucial role in regulating transcription, apoptosis, and immune response. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, autoimmunity, and immunodeficiency. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of PTMA in human disease and to explore its potential as a therapeutic target.

Genular Protein ID: 4066477721

Symbol: PTMA_HUMAN

Name: Prothymosin alpha

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 3467312

Title: The human prothymosin alpha gene is polymorphic and induced upon growth stimulation: evidence using a cloned cDNA.

PubMed ID: 3467312

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.83.24.9403

PubMed ID: 3466166

Title: Molecular cloning of cDNA for human prothymosin alpha.

PubMed ID: 3466166

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.83.23.8926

PubMed ID: 2708378

Title: Isolation and partial sequencing of the human prothymosin alpha gene family. Evidence against export of the gene products.

PubMed ID: 2708378

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)83269-0

PubMed ID: 2785990

Title: The expression of prothymosin alpha gene in T lymphocytes and leukemic lymphoid cells is tied to lymphocyte proliferation.

PubMed ID: 2785990

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)81807-5

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 7916742

Title: Prothymosin alpha gene in humans: organization of its promoter region and localization to chromosome 2.

PubMed ID: 7916742

DOI: 10.1007/bf00202480

PubMed ID: 3532956

Title: Human prothymosin alpha: amino acid sequence and immunologic properties.

PubMed ID: 3532956

DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(86)90717-4

PubMed ID: 8485135

Title: Phosphorylation of human and bovine prothymosin alpha in vivo.

PubMed ID: 8485135

DOI: 10.1021/bi00068a015

PubMed ID: 17081983

Title: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks.

PubMed ID: 17081983

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026

PubMed ID: 16478804

Title: Regulation of apoptosis by the p8/prothymosin alpha complex.

PubMed ID: 16478804

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0508955103

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 19369195

Title: Large-scale proteomics analysis of the human kinome.

PubMed ID: 19369195

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m800588-mcp200

PubMed ID: 19690332

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions.

PubMed ID: 19690332

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000007

PubMed ID: 19608861

Title: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.

PubMed ID: 19608861

DOI: 10.1126/science.1175371

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 21406692

Title: System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation.

PubMed ID: 21406692

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2001570

PubMed ID: 22223895

Title: Comparative large-scale characterisation of plant vs. mammal proteins reveals similar and idiosyncratic N-alpha acetylation features.

PubMed ID: 22223895

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.015131

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 28112733

Title: Site-specific mapping of the human SUMO proteome reveals co-modification with phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 28112733

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.3366

PubMed ID: 22115779

Title: NMR structure of human thymosin alpha-1.

PubMed ID: 22115779

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.11.041

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 111
  • Mass: 12203
  • Checksum: 910BBF9D8D14B8E7
  • Sequence:
  • MSDAAVDTSS EITTKDLKEK KEVVEEAENG RDAPANGNAE NEENGEQEAD NEVDEEEEEG 
    GEEEEEEEEG DGEEEDGDED EEAESATGKR AAEDDEDDDV DTKKQKTDED D

Genular Protein ID: 86522470

Symbol: Q53S24_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8125298

Title: Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides.

PubMed ID: 8125298

DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8

PubMed ID: 9373149

Title: Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library.

PubMed ID: 9373149

DOI: 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 110
  • Mass: 12074
  • Checksum: 3A76436E79930993
  • Sequence:
  • MSDAAVDTSS EITTKDLKEK KEVVEEAENG RDAPANGNAN EENGEQEADN EVDEEEEEGG 
    EEEEEEEEGD GEEEDGDEDE EAESATGKRA AEDDEDDDVD TKKQKTDEDD

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.