Details for: TFAM

Gene ID: 7019

Symbol: TFAM

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000108064

Description: transcription factor A, mitochondrial

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 200.0704
    Cell Significance Index: -31.1200
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 110.4109
    Cell Significance Index: -28.0100
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 80.4664
    Cell Significance Index: -37.9900
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 79.7278
    Cell Significance Index: -32.3900
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 73.0386
    Cell Significance Index: -37.5700
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 34.1872
    Cell Significance Index: -32.6400
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 28.8737
    Cell Significance Index: -35.6000
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 11.9547
    Cell Significance Index: -32.0300
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 9.3207
    Cell Significance Index: -36.7800
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 7.1367
    Cell Significance Index: -21.9200
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 5.8942
    Cell Significance Index: -12.9000
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 2.4905
    Cell Significance Index: 290.2400
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 1.8330
    Cell Significance Index: 199.3700
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 1.6194
    Cell Significance Index: 44.0800
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 1.2197
    Cell Significance Index: 149.9700
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.9991
    Cell Significance Index: 70.6600
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.9051
    Cell Significance Index: 163.1700
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.8308
    Cell Significance Index: 367.3200
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: 0.8254
    Cell Significance Index: 19.0700
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.8163
    Cell Significance Index: 445.8200
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.7992
    Cell Significance Index: 94.2500
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.7764
    Cell Significance Index: 701.0700
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.7109
    Cell Significance Index: 17.7700
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.6733
    Cell Significance Index: 92.4700
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 0.6237
    Cell Significance Index: 16.4000
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.6181
    Cell Significance Index: 100.5400
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.5891
    Cell Significance Index: 26.7000
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.5844
    Cell Significance Index: 37.7100
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.5607
    Cell Significance Index: 16.1600
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.5173
    Cell Significance Index: 24.1200
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.4443
    Cell Significance Index: 23.0800
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 0.4420
    Cell Significance Index: 4.0700
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.4303
    Cell Significance Index: 11.4900
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.4261
    Cell Significance Index: 84.5700
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.4069
    Cell Significance Index: 25.6500
  • Cell Name: microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell (CL0008035)
    Fold Change: 0.4048
    Cell Significance Index: 3.4000
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.3882
    Cell Significance Index: 77.8700
  • Cell Name: kidney cell (CL1000497)
    Fold Change: 0.3845
    Cell Significance Index: 3.0700
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.3660
    Cell Significance Index: 7.9300
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.3460
    Cell Significance Index: 16.2600
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: 0.3404
    Cell Significance Index: 11.8300
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.3221
    Cell Significance Index: 41.2900
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 0.2512
    Cell Significance Index: 7.2000
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.2265
    Cell Significance Index: 81.2400
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: 0.1840
    Cell Significance Index: 2.0000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.1703
    Cell Significance Index: 29.0800
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 0.1691
    Cell Significance Index: 3.5400
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: 0.1593
    Cell Significance Index: 1.8100
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.1505
    Cell Significance Index: 104.0700
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.1405
    Cell Significance Index: 4.5000
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.1383
    Cell Significance Index: 17.8700
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.0835
    Cell Significance Index: 6.2200
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.0588
    Cell Significance Index: 11.1900
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0504
    Cell Significance Index: 1.7700
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: 0.0441
    Cell Significance Index: 32.3500
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.0235
    Cell Significance Index: 2.3200
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.0233
    Cell Significance Index: 1.3100
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 0.0048
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1400
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0009
    Cell Significance Index: 1.7000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0070
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0111
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9300
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0117
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8600
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0168
    Cell Significance Index: -31.0500
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0229
    Cell Significance Index: -35.2200
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.0258
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5500
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0281
    Cell Significance Index: -38.1700
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0361
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6900
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0369
    Cell Significance Index: -23.4100
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0396
    Cell Significance Index: -22.3100
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.0535
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9000
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0547
    Cell Significance Index: -24.8300
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.0578
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0100
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.0662
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0820
    Cell Significance Index: -17.2700
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.0996
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2300
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.1027
    Cell Significance Index: -29.5400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1463
    Cell Significance Index: -16.7700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.1548
    Cell Significance Index: -17.6700
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.1621
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1400
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.1644
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4100
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: -0.1655
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1200
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.1824
    Cell Significance Index: -26.5200
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.2047
    Cell Significance Index: -15.7100
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: -0.2648
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6000
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.2694
    Cell Significance Index: -21.3400
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.2970
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9500
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.2977
    Cell Significance Index: -8.3200
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.3108
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2400
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: -0.3284
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0700
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.3423
    Cell Significance Index: -35.6400
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.3867
    Cell Significance Index: -26.0100
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.4650
    Cell Significance Index: -28.5100
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.5296
    Cell Significance Index: -23.4300
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.5952
    Cell Significance Index: -15.3000
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.6029
    Cell Significance Index: -30.4700
  • Cell Name: cone retinal bipolar cell (CL0000752)
    Fold Change: -0.6059
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6700
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.6133
    Cell Significance Index: -10.5100
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.6384
    Cell Significance Index: -7.6100
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.6496
    Cell Significance Index: -24.6000
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.7142
    Cell Significance Index: -29.2700

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** TFAM is a mitochondrial transcription factor that belongs to the basic leucine zipper (bZIP) family of transcription factors. It is highly expressed in cells with high energy demands, such as skeletal muscle, neurons, and erythroid progenitor cells. TFAM is a dimeric protein composed of two identical subunits, each containing a DNA-binding domain and a transcriptional activation domain. The protein's ability to bind to specific DNA sequences within the mitochondrial genome allows it to regulate the expression of mitochondrial genes, including those involved in energy production, DNA repair, and cell death. **Pathways and Functions:** TFAM plays a central role in regulating mitochondrial biogenesis, a process critical for maintaining cellular energy homeostasis. The TFAM-mediated transcription of mitochondrial genes is essential for the production of mitochondrial proteins, including those involved in energy production, oxidative phosphorylation, and cell survival. TFAM also regulates the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial DNA repair, cell death, and stress responses. In addition, TFAM interacts with other transcription factors and coactivators to modulate the expression of mitochondrial genes, thereby influencing cellular energy metabolism and overall cellular function. **Clinical Significance:** Dysregulation of TFAM has been implicated in various mitochondrial disorders, including myopathies, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Mutations in the TFAM gene have been associated with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), a maternally inherited disorder characterized by progressive vision loss. Additionally, TFAM mutations have been linked to other mitochondrial disorders, such as Kearns-Sayre syndrome and MERRF syndrome. Furthermore, TFAM dysregulation has been implicated in various types of cancer, including breast, lung, and colon cancer, where it is often associated with altered energy metabolism and tumor growth. Understanding the role of TFAM in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and preventing disease will be essential for the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction. **Significantly Expressed Cells:** TFAM is highly expressed in cells with high energy demands, including: 1. Skeletal muscle satellite stem cells 2. Fraction A pre-B cell 3. Placental villous trophoblast 4. Proerythroblast 5. Cortical thymic epithelial cell 6. Kidney epithelial cell 7. Ovarian surface epithelial cell 8. Large pre-B-II cell 9. Erythroid progenitor cell In conclusion, TFAM is a critical gene that plays a pivotal role in regulating mitochondrial biogenesis, transcription, and function. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various mitochondrial disorders and cancers, highlighting the importance of maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis for overall cellular function and health. Further research into the role of TFAM in disease will be essential for the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction.

Genular Protein ID: 2388740979

Symbol: TFAM_HUMAN

Name: Mitochondrial transcription factor 1

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2035027

Title: Similarity of human mitochondrial transcription factor 1 to high mobility group proteins.

PubMed ID: 2035027

DOI: 10.1126/science.2035027

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 19054851

Title: Human protein factory for converting the transcriptome into an in vitro-expressed proteome.

PubMed ID: 19054851

DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.1273

PubMed ID: 15164054

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10.

PubMed ID: 15164054

DOI: 10.1038/nature02462

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 1610904

Title: Upstream region of a genomic gene for human mitochondrial transcription factor 1.

PubMed ID: 1610904

DOI: 10.1016/0167-4781(92)90082-b

PubMed ID: 1737790

Title: DNA wrapping and bending by a mitochondrial high mobility group-like transcriptional activator protein.

PubMed ID: 1737790

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)50739-6

PubMed ID: 12897151

Title: Human mitochondrial transcription factor B1 interacts with the C-terminal activation region of h-mtTFA and stimulates transcription independently of its RNA methyltransferase activity.

PubMed ID: 12897151

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.23.16.5816-5824.2003

PubMed ID: 18063578

Title: The layered structure of human mitochondrial DNA nucleoids.

PubMed ID: 18063578

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m708444200

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 20410300

Title: Human mitochondrial transcription revisited: only TFAM and TFB2M are required for transcription of the mitochondrial genes in vitro.

PubMed ID: 20410300

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c110.128918

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 21406692

Title: System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation.

PubMed ID: 21406692

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2001570

PubMed ID: 22841477

Title: Maintenance of mitochondrial genome distribution by mitochondrial AAA+ protein ClpX.

PubMed ID: 22841477

DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.07.012

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 23201127

Title: Phosphorylation of human TFAM in mitochondria impairs DNA binding and promotes degradation by the AAA+ Lon protease.

PubMed ID: 23201127

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2012.10.023

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 27448789

Title: Mutations in TFAM, encoding mitochondrial transcription factor A, cause neonatal liver failure associated with mtDNA depletion.

PubMed ID: 27448789

DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2016.07.001

PubMed ID: 29445193

Title: Uncoupling FoxO3A mitochondrial and nuclear functions in cancer cells undergoing metabolic stress and chemotherapy.

PubMed ID: 29445193

DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0336-0

PubMed ID: 32183942

Title: N6-deoxyadenosine methylation in mammalian mitochondrial DNA.

PubMed ID: 32183942

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.02.018

PubMed ID: 19304746

Title: Structural analysis and DNA binding of the HMG domains of the human mitochondrial transcription factor A.

PubMed ID: 19304746

DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkp157

PubMed ID: 22037172

Title: Human mitochondrial transcription factor A induces a U-turn structure in the light strand promoter.

PubMed ID: 22037172

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.2160

PubMed ID: 22037171

Title: The mitochondrial transcription and packaging factor Tfam imposes a U-turn on mitochondrial DNA.

PubMed ID: 22037171

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.2159

PubMed ID: 29149603

Title: Structural Basis of Mitochondrial Transcription Initiation.

PubMed ID: 29149603

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.10.036

PubMed ID: 19096125

Title: Mitochondrial transcription factors TFA, TFB1 and TFB2: a search for DNA variants/haplotypes and the risk of cardiac hypertrophy.

PubMed ID: 19096125

DOI: 10.1155/2008/575323

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 246
  • Mass: 29097
  • Checksum: 81F00CFA12DA4924
  • Sequence:
  • MAFLRSMWGV LSALGRSGAE LCTGCGSRLR SPFSFVYLPR WFSSVLASCP KKPVSSYLRF 
    SKEQLPIFKA QNPDAKTTEL IRRIAQRWRE LPDSKKKIYQ DAYRAEWQVY KEEISRFKEQ 
    LTPSQIMSLE KEIMDKHLKR KAMTKKKELT LLGKPKRPRS AYNVYVAERF QEAKGDSPQE 
    KLKTVKENWK NLSDSEKELY IQHAKEDETR YHNEMKSWEE QMIEVGRKDL LRRTIKKQRK 
    YGAEEC

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.