Details for: THBD

Gene ID: 7056

Symbol: THBD

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000178726

Description: thrombomodulin

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 134.0446
    Cell Significance Index: -20.8500
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 82.2020
    Cell Significance Index: -20.8500
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 16.9106
    Cell Significance Index: -20.8500
  • Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
    Fold Change: 5.6100
    Cell Significance Index: 99.1400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 5.3066
    Cell Significance Index: -20.9400
  • Cell Name: prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell (CL2000059)
    Fold Change: 4.1270
    Cell Significance Index: 29.6400
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 1.8377
    Cell Significance Index: 58.8600
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: 1.7526
    Cell Significance Index: 19.9100
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 1.0166
    Cell Significance Index: 15.3200
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: 0.9172
    Cell Significance Index: 22.3800
  • Cell Name: epidermal cell (CL0000362)
    Fold Change: 0.8605
    Cell Significance Index: 1.9400
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.5500
    Cell Significance Index: 28.5700
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.5226
    Cell Significance Index: 64.2600
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.4915
    Cell Significance Index: 12.2900
  • Cell Name: type II muscle cell (CL0002212)
    Fold Change: 0.3440
    Cell Significance Index: 5.5500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.2555
    Cell Significance Index: 41.5600
  • Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
    Fold Change: 0.2482
    Cell Significance Index: 3.5700
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.1716
    Cell Significance Index: 30.9400
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.1640
    Cell Significance Index: 31.2200
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.1038
    Cell Significance Index: 10.2700
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.0994
    Cell Significance Index: 43.9600
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: 0.0877
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5300
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.0677
    Cell Significance Index: 13.4300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: 0.0542
    Cell Significance Index: 33.8600
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.0272
    Cell Significance Index: 1.6300
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 0.0078
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1200
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0092
    Cell Significance Index: -17.3100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0109
    Cell Significance Index: -8.0500
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0110
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2300
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0141
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8100
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0184
    Cell Significance Index: -11.6800
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0192
    Cell Significance Index: -14.5100
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0216
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5200
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0269
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7500
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.0269
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3600
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0344
    Cell Significance Index: -12.3400
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.0344
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4300
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0416
    Cell Significance Index: -22.7000
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: -0.0426
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6300
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0444
    Cell Significance Index: -20.1500
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0446
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5600
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.0509
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0667
    Cell Significance Index: -14.0500
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.0739
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0741
    Cell Significance Index: -12.6500
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0990
    Cell Significance Index: -19.8700
  • Cell Name: myometrial cell (CL0002366)
    Fold Change: -0.1033
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1900
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: -0.1128
    Cell Significance Index: -7.8000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.1154
    Cell Significance Index: -13.1700
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid (CL0019021)
    Fold Change: -0.1179
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4100
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.1383
    Cell Significance Index: -20.1000
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.1401
    Cell Significance Index: -19.2400
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of uterus (CL0009095)
    Fold Change: -0.1405
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8800
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.1417
    Cell Significance Index: -18.3100
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.1432
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0500
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.1818
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1200
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.1939
    Cell Significance Index: -8.4300
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.1992
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.2010
    Cell Significance Index: -23.0300
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.2069
    Cell Significance Index: -21.5400
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.2215
    Cell Significance Index: -11.5400
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.2218
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6000
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.2239
    Cell Significance Index: -16.6900
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.2403
    Cell Significance Index: -19.0300
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.2551
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1300
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: -0.2608
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8200
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.2727
    Cell Significance Index: -12.3600
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.2746
    Cell Significance Index: -21.0700
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.2777
    Cell Significance Index: -17.0300
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.3007
    Cell Significance Index: -19.4000
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: -0.3085
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6800
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.3212
    Cell Significance Index: -11.2900
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.3218
    Cell Significance Index: -21.6400
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.3470
    Cell Significance Index: -16.3100
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -0.3486
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2100
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.3573
    Cell Significance Index: -21.9600
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.3870
    Cell Significance Index: -10.5300
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.3998
    Cell Significance Index: -18.6400
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.4338
    Cell Significance Index: -11.1500
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.4455
    Cell Significance Index: -12.7700
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.4541
    Cell Significance Index: -25.4800
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.4656
    Cell Significance Index: -17.0900
  • Cell Name: pulmonary capillary endothelial cell (CL4028001)
    Fold Change: -0.4659
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3800
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.4701
    Cell Significance Index: -12.5800
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.4823
    Cell Significance Index: -25.3200
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: -0.4917
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0000
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.5217
    Cell Significance Index: -18.1300
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: -0.5469
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4600
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.5531
    Cell Significance Index: -19.3800
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.5653
    Cell Significance Index: -16.6500
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.5822
    Cell Significance Index: -25.7500
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.6091
    Cell Significance Index: -8.3100
  • Cell Name: alveolar macrophage (CL0000583)
    Fold Change: -0.6413
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6500
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.6470
    Cell Significance Index: -16.1600
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.6512
    Cell Significance Index: -21.3200
  • Cell Name: gut endothelial cell (CL0000131)
    Fold Change: -0.6596
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5300
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.6763
    Cell Significance Index: -25.6100
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.6832
    Cell Significance Index: -21.7600
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.6915
    Cell Significance Index: -14.4800
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.7065
    Cell Significance Index: -20.1600

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Thrombin-binding domain**: THBD contains a thrombin-binding domain that facilitates the binding of thrombin, a key enzyme in the coagulation cascade. 2. **Serine protease domain**: The serine protease domain of THBD is involved in the activation of protein C, a key regulator of blood coagulation. 3. **Transmembrane structure**: THBD has a transmembrane structure that allows it to interact with the extracellular matrix and other cell surface proteins. 4. **Cell-type specificity**: THBD is expressed on various cell types, including endothelial cells, macrophages, and lymphangioblasts, suggesting its role in different physiological and pathological processes. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Coagulation regulation**: THBD modulates the coagulation cascade by binding to thrombin and activating protein C, a potent anticoagulant. 2. **Fibrinolysis regulation**: THBD also regulates fibrinolysis by interacting with plasminogen activators and inhibitors. 3. **Immune response modulation**: THBD interacts with various signaling pathways, including the JAK-STAT and NF-κB pathways, to modulate immune responses. 4. **Vascular permeability regulation**: THBD plays a role in regulating vascular permeability by interacting with endothelial cells and influencing the expression of adhesion molecules. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Thrombotic disorders**: Mutations in the THBD gene have been associated with thrombotic disorders, such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. 2. **Inflammatory diseases**: THBD has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. 3. **Cancer**: THBD has been shown to be overexpressed in certain types of cancer, including breast and lung cancer, suggesting its potential role in tumorigenesis. 4. **Pregnancy complications**: THBD has been associated with pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. In conclusion, THBD plays a critical role in regulating blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, and immune responses. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various clinical disorders, highlighting the need for further research into its mechanisms of action and potential therapeutic applications.

Genular Protein ID: 771984426

Symbol: TRBM_HUMAN

Name: Thrombomodulin

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2820710

Title: Structure and expression of human thrombomodulin, a thrombin receptor on endothelium acting as a cofactor for protein C activation.

PubMed ID: 2820710

DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02448.x

PubMed ID: 2822087

Title: Human thrombomodulin: complete cDNA sequence and chromosome localization of the gene.

PubMed ID: 2822087

DOI: 10.1021/bi00388a025

PubMed ID: 2819876

Title: Human thrombomodulin gene is intron depleted: nucleic acid sequences of the cDNA and gene predict protein structure and suggest sites of regulatory control.

PubMed ID: 2819876

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.84.18.6425

PubMed ID: 2836377

Title: Gene structure of human thrombomodulin, a cofactor for thrombin-catalyzed activation of protein C.

PubMed ID: 2836377

DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a122261

PubMed ID: 11780052

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20.

PubMed ID: 11780052

DOI: 10.1038/414865a

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 8216207

Title: Identification of the predominant glycosaminoglycan-attachment site in soluble recombinant human thrombomodulin: potential regulation of functionality by glycosyltransferase competition for serine 474.

PubMed ID: 8216207

DOI: 10.1042/bj2950131

PubMed ID: 8390446

Title: Urinary thrombomodulin, its isolation and characterization.

PubMed ID: 8390446

DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a124063

PubMed ID: 9395524

Title: Platelet factor 4 binds to glycanated forms of thrombomodulin and to protein C. A potential mechanism for enhancing generation of activated protein C.

PubMed ID: 9395524

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.50.31785

PubMed ID: 15841214

Title: The N-terminal domain of thrombomodulin sequesters high-mobility group-B1 protein, a novel antiinflammatory mechanism.

PubMed ID: 15841214

DOI: 10.1172/jci22782

PubMed ID: 27055590

Title: LFA-1 and Mac-1 integrins bind to the serine/threonine-rich domain of thrombomodulin.

PubMed ID: 27055590

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.04.007

PubMed ID: 26663133

Title: Activation of protein C and thrombin activable fibrinolysis inhibitor on cultured human endothelial cells.

PubMed ID: 26663133

DOI: 10.1111/jth.13222

PubMed ID: 29323190

Title: Angiopoietins bind thrombomodulin and inhibit its function as a thrombin cofactor.

PubMed ID: 29323190

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18912-8

PubMed ID: 33836597

Title: Thrombomodulin is essential for maintaining quiescence in vascular endothelial cells.

PubMed ID: 33836597

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2022248118

PubMed ID: 7559494

Title: The structure of a 19-residue fragment from the C-loop of the fourth epidermal growth factor-like domain of thrombomodulin.

PubMed ID: 7559494

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.40.23366

PubMed ID: 8528067

Title: Synthesis, activity, and preliminary structure of the fourth EGF-like domain of thrombomodulin.

PubMed ID: 8528067

DOI: 10.1002/pro.5560040904

PubMed ID: 7947766

Title: Thrombin-bound structure of an EGF subdomain from human thrombomodulin determined by transferred nuclear Overhauser effects.

PubMed ID: 7947766

DOI: 10.1021/bi00250a007

PubMed ID: 8745396

Title: Structural resiliency of an EGF-like subdomain bound to its target protein, thrombin.

PubMed ID: 8745396

DOI: 10.1002/pro.5560050202

PubMed ID: 10761923

Title: Structural basis for the anticoagulant activity of the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex.

PubMed ID: 10761923

DOI: 10.1038/35006683

PubMed ID: 9367781

Title: Structure of the fifth EGF-like domain of thrombomodulin: an EGF-like domain with a novel disulfide-bonding pattern.

PubMed ID: 9367781

DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1997.1356

PubMed ID: 7811989

Title: The first mutation identified in the thrombomodulin gene in a 45-year-old man presenting with thromboembolic disease.

PubMed ID: 7811989

PubMed ID: 9198186

Title: Thrombomodulin gene variations and thromboembolic disease.

PubMed ID: 9198186

PubMed ID: 9157575

Title: A common thrombomodulin amino acid dimorphism is associated with myocardial infarction.

PubMed ID: 9157575

PubMed ID: 9843165

Title: A mutation in the thrombomodulin gene, 127G to A coding for Ala25Thr, and the risk of myocardial infarction in men.

PubMed ID: 9843165

PubMed ID: 11245641

Title: Thrombomodulin Ala455Val polymorphism and risk of coronary heart disease.

PubMed ID: 11245641

DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.103.10.1386

PubMed ID: 12139752

Title: Mutations in the thrombomodulin gene are rare in patients with severe thrombophilia.

PubMed ID: 12139752

DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2002.03644.x

PubMed ID: 19625716

Title: Thrombomodulin mutations in atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome.

PubMed ID: 19625716

DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa0810739

PubMed ID: 20513133

Title: Mutations in alternative pathway complement proteins in American patients with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome.

PubMed ID: 20513133

DOI: 10.1002/humu.21256

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 575
  • Mass: 60329
  • Checksum: 9AF03CD151227D52
  • Sequence:
  • MLGVLVLGAL ALAGLGFPAP AEPQPGGSQC VEHDCFALYP GPATFLNASQ ICDGLRGHLM 
    TVRSSVAADV ISLLLNGDGG VGRRRLWIGL QLPPGCGDPK RLGPLRGFQW VTGDNNTSYS 
    RWARLDLNGA PLCGPLCVAV SAAEATVPSE PIWEEQQCEV KADGFLCEFH FPATCRPLAV 
    EPGAAAAAVS ITYGTPFAAR GADFQALPVG SSAAVAPLGL QLMCTAPPGA VQGHWAREAP 
    GAWDCSVENG GCEHACNAIP GAPRCQCPAG AALQADGRSC TASATQSCND LCEHFCVPNP 
    DQPGSYSCMC ETGYRLAADQ HRCEDVDDCI LEPSPCPQRC VNTQGGFECH CYPNYDLVDG 
    ECVEPVDPCF RANCEYQCQP LNQTSYLCVC AEGFAPIPHE PHRCQMFCNQ TACPADCDPN 
    TQASCECPEG YILDDGFICT DIDECENGGF CSGVCHNLPG TFECICGPDS ALARHIGTDC 
    DSGKVDGGDS GSGEPPPSPT PGSTLTPPAV GLVHSGLLIG ISIASLCLVV ALLALLCHLR 
    KKQGAARAKM EYKCAAPSKE VVLQHVRTER TPQRL

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.