Details for: GZMH

Gene ID: 2999

Symbol: GZMH

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000100450

Description: granzyme H

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 76.6015
    Cell Significance Index: -11.9200
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 50.4251
    Cell Significance Index: -12.7900
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 31.3189
    Cell Significance Index: -16.1100
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 26.0949
    Cell Significance Index: -12.3200
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 12.0689
    Cell Significance Index: 424.0900
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 9.6597
    Cell Significance Index: -11.9100
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 5.2560
    Cell Significance Index: 131.3900
  • Cell Name: hepatic pit cell (CL2000054)
    Fold Change: 4.5961
    Cell Significance Index: 12.3100
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 4.0438
    Cell Significance Index: 116.5100
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 3.9135
    Cell Significance Index: -12.0200
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 3.2539
    Cell Significance Index: -12.8400
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: 2.2713
    Cell Significance Index: 47.1200
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 2.1688
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8100
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 1.9822
    Cell Significance Index: 89.8500
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 1.4905
    Cell Significance Index: 23.0600
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 1.3131
    Cell Significance Index: 249.9000
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 1.1330
    Cell Significance Index: 112.0800
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.9132
    Cell Significance Index: 824.5700
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.8622
    Cell Significance Index: 18.6800
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytokine secreting effector T cell (CL0000908)
    Fold Change: 0.8074
    Cell Significance Index: 8.5900
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.6283
    Cell Significance Index: 20.1300
  • Cell Name: blood cell (CL0000081)
    Fold Change: 0.5063
    Cell Significance Index: 4.3200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.3978
    Cell Significance Index: 64.7000
  • Cell Name: activated type II NK T cell (CL0000931)
    Fold Change: 0.3906
    Cell Significance Index: 1.0000
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.3492
    Cell Significance Index: 37.9900
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.2965
    Cell Significance Index: 6.3200
  • Cell Name: effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000913)
    Fold Change: 0.1825
    Cell Significance Index: 1.4200
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.1643
    Cell Significance Index: 11.3600
  • Cell Name: mature T cell (CL0002419)
    Fold Change: 0.1167
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8400
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.0252
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3800
  • Cell Name: effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, terminally differentiated (CL0001062)
    Fold Change: 0.0150
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1200
  • Cell Name: effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0001050)
    Fold Change: 0.0053
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0400
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.0023
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1400
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.0025
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1300
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.0056
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2300
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0069
    Cell Significance Index: -13.0000
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0074
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0137
    Cell Significance Index: -10.1400
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0223
    Cell Significance Index: -12.6000
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0347
    Cell Significance Index: -15.7300
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000625)
    Fold Change: -0.0401
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0473
    Cell Significance Index: -9.9600
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.0563
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4500
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.0575
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9900
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0642
    Cell Significance Index: -12.7400
  • Cell Name: DN1 thymic pro-T cell (CL0000894)
    Fold Change: -0.0675
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7000
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0747
    Cell Significance Index: -14.9800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0805
    Cell Significance Index: -13.7400
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0807
    Cell Significance Index: -14.5400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0931
    Cell Significance Index: -12.7800
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001203)
    Fold Change: -0.1027
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1108
    Cell Significance Index: -12.6900
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.1134
    Cell Significance Index: -11.5800
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.1136
    Cell Significance Index: -14.6800
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.1140
    Cell Significance Index: -14.0200
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.1143
    Cell Significance Index: -16.6100
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.1156
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4400
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.1213
    Cell Significance Index: -14.3000
  • Cell Name: leukocyte (CL0000738)
    Fold Change: -0.1242
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1100
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic cell (CL0000988)
    Fold Change: -0.1258
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8400
  • Cell Name: lymphocyte (CL0000542)
    Fold Change: -0.1308
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7800
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.1323
    Cell Significance Index: -16.9600
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: -0.1438
    Cell Significance Index: -8.6300
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.1456
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0700
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.1638
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2100
  • Cell Name: CD16-positive, CD56-dim natural killer cell, human (CL0000939)
    Fold Change: -0.1921
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7100
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.1942
    Cell Significance Index: -14.9100
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.1986
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8100
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.2060
    Cell Significance Index: -13.8500
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell (CL0000794)
    Fold Change: -0.2062
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6700
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.2381
    Cell Significance Index: -15.3600
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.2407
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0700
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.2636
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0500
  • Cell Name: mature alpha-beta T cell (CL0000791)
    Fold Change: -0.2898
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5800
  • Cell Name: T cell (CL0000084)
    Fold Change: -0.3147
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7200
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.3194
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8900
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.3301
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7500
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.3333
    Cell Significance Index: -12.6200
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.3495
    Cell Significance Index: -12.8300
  • Cell Name: natural killer cell (CL0000623)
    Fold Change: -0.4027
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4600
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000811)
    Fold Change: -0.4084
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7800
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.4545
    Cell Significance Index: -11.9500
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.4703
    Cell Significance Index: -14.9800
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell (CL0000909)
    Fold Change: -0.4849
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9200
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.4878
    Cell Significance Index: -13.0300
  • Cell Name: mature NK T cell (CL0000814)
    Fold Change: -0.4974
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6100
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.5008
    Cell Significance Index: -13.4200
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.5026
    Cell Significance Index: -12.8400
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.5141
    Cell Significance Index: -12.8400
  • Cell Name: type I NK T cell (CL0000921)
    Fold Change: -0.5191
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0600
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.5205
    Cell Significance Index: -14.9200
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.5285
    Cell Significance Index: -13.1800
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.5294
    Cell Significance Index: -14.4100
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.5447
    Cell Significance Index: -16.0500
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -0.5487
    Cell Significance Index: -13.9800
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.5644
    Cell Significance Index: -13.0400
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: -0.5660
    Cell Significance Index: -13.8100
  • Cell Name: exhausted T cell (CL0011025)
    Fold Change: -0.5712
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6600
  • Cell Name: mature gamma-delta T cell (CL0000800)
    Fold Change: -0.5996
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9200
  • Cell Name: alpha-beta T cell (CL0000789)
    Fold Change: -0.6128
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2200

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** Granzyme H is a 25-kDa protein that belongs to the granzyme family, characterized by its serine protease activity. It is predominantly expressed in effector cells, including alpha-beta T cells, gamma-delta T cells, and NK cells, which are essential for the immune response against pathogens and tumor cells. Granzyme H is also found in terminally differentiated cells, such as CD8-positive T cells, and is involved in the regulation of various cellular processes, including apoptosis, cell killing, and protein metabolism. **Pathways and Functions:** Granzyme H is involved in several key pathways, including: 1. **Apoptotic process:** Granzyme H, in conjunction with other cytotoxic molecules, such as perforin, mediates the induction of apoptosis in target cells. 2. **Cytolytic granule:** Granzyme H is stored in cytolytic granules, which are released upon cell activation, allowing for the elimination of infected cells and tumor cells. 3. **Proteolysis:** Granzyme H cleaves specific substrates, including proteins and peptides, leading to the disruption of cellular homeostasis and the induction of apoptosis. 4. **Regulation of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) transport and uptake:** Granzyme H has been implicated in the regulation of IGF transport and uptake by insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs), which is essential for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. **Clinical Significance:** Granzyme H's dysregulation has been implicated in various immune-mediated diseases, including: 1. **Autoimmune disorders:** Abnormal expression of Granzyme H has been observed in autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, where it contributes to tissue damage and inflammation. 2. **Cancer:** Granzyme H's role in tumor cell elimination has been exploited in cancer immunotherapy, where it is used to target and kill cancer cells. 3. **Viral infections:** Granzyme H's involvement in the regulation of viral replication and immune response has been studied in the context of viral infections, such as HIV and herpes simplex virus. In conclusion, Granzyme H is a multifunctional protein that plays a critical role in the regulation of various cellular processes, including apoptosis, cytotoxicity, and metabolism. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various immune-mediated diseases, highlighting the importance of Granzyme H in maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing disease. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms underlying Granzyme H's functions and its potential as a therapeutic target.

Genular Protein ID: 965541921

Symbol: GRAH_HUMAN

Name: Granzyme H

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P20718 G3V2C5 Q6XGZ0 Q6XGZ1

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CDD 1 CTD 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EC 1 EMBL 9 Ensembl 2 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 8 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyConnect 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 6 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MEROPS 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 4 PDBsum 4 PIR 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 3 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 4 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 2 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2193684

Title: Cloning of a gene that encodes a new member of the human cytotoxic cell protease family.

PubMed ID: 2193684

DOI: 10.1021/bi00469a003

PubMed ID: 2049336

Title: Structure and evolutionary origin of the human granzyme H gene.

PubMed ID: 2049336

DOI: 10.1093/intimm/3.1.57

PubMed ID: 2402757

Title: Characterization of a novel, human cytotoxic lymphocyte-specific serine protease cDNA clone (CSP-C).

PubMed ID: 2402757

DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1990.tb01787.x

PubMed ID: 12508121

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 14.

PubMed ID: 12508121

DOI: 10.1038/nature01348

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 22156497

Title: Structural insights into the substrate specificity of human granzyme H: the functional roles of a novel RKR motif.

PubMed ID: 22156497

DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1101381

PubMed ID: 23269243

Title: Identification of SERPINB1 as a physiological inhibitor of human granzyme H.

PubMed ID: 23269243

DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1202542

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 246
  • Mass: 27315
  • Checksum: CA6A87F3DA5F1E71
  • Sequence:
    • MQPFLLLLAF LLTPGAGTEE IIGGHEAKPH SRPYMAFVQF LQEKSRKRCG GILVRKDFVL 
TAAHCQGSSI NVTLGAHNIK EQERTQQFIP VKRPIPHPAY NPKNFSNDIM LLQLERKAKW 
TTAVRPLRLP SSKAQVKPGQ LCSVAGWGYV SMSTLATTLQ EVLLTVQKDC QCERLFHGNY 
SRATEICVGD PKKTQTGFKG DSGGPLVCKD VAQGILSYGN KKGTPPGVYI KVSHFLPWIK 
RTMKRL

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.