Details for: MT2A

Gene ID: 4502

Symbol: MT2A

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000125148

Description: metallothionein 2A

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 724.0981
    Cell Significance Index: -112.6300
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 443.0630
    Cell Significance Index: -112.3800
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 308.3827
    Cell Significance Index: -127.0400
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 256.1834
    Cell Significance Index: -120.9500
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 240.3938
    Cell Significance Index: -123.6600
  • Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
    Fold Change: 180.6796
    Cell Significance Index: -121.2400
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 94.9831
    Cell Significance Index: -117.1100
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 41.9320
    Cell Significance Index: -112.3300
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of exocrine pancreas (CL1001433)
    Fold Change: 35.7220
    Cell Significance Index: 17.9400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 30.3265
    Cell Significance Index: -119.6700
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 28.4198
    Cell Significance Index: -87.2900
  • Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
    Fold Change: 25.1909
    Cell Significance Index: 445.1600
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 23.8921
    Cell Significance Index: -52.2900
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 21.5986
    Cell Significance Index: 619.1400
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 17.1125
    Cell Significance Index: 288.2600
  • Cell Name: oral mucosa squamous cell (CL1001576)
    Fold Change: 16.9918
    Cell Significance Index: 146.0100
  • Cell Name: luminal hormone-sensing cell of mammary gland (CL4033058)
    Fold Change: 11.1802
    Cell Significance Index: 68.8100
  • Cell Name: perivascular cell (CL4033054)
    Fold Change: 8.6480
    Cell Significance Index: 39.9300
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: 6.9783
    Cell Significance Index: 170.2700
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 6.7799
    Cell Significance Index: 505.3000
  • Cell Name: luminal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002340)
    Fold Change: 6.2134
    Cell Significance Index: 64.3000
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: 6.1309
    Cell Significance Index: 41.5400
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 5.3247
    Cell Significance Index: 250.2600
  • Cell Name: prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell (CL2000059)
    Fold Change: 4.4111
    Cell Significance Index: 31.6800
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 3.9996
    Cell Significance Index: 516.7300
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 3.9237
    Cell Significance Index: 106.8000
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 3.3211
    Cell Significance Index: 88.9900
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 2.9260
    Cell Significance Index: 375.0900
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 2.7869
    Cell Significance Index: 51.5100
  • Cell Name: stem cell of epidermis (CL1000428)
    Fold Change: 2.7303
    Cell Significance Index: 8.1200
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 2.4510
    Cell Significance Index: 64.4500
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 2.0388
    Cell Significance Index: 279.9900
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 1.9928
    Cell Significance Index: 881.0600
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: 1.9682
    Cell Significance Index: 29.0500
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 1.7902
    Cell Significance Index: 977.6600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 1.6857
    Cell Significance Index: 196.4500
  • Cell Name: type II muscle cell (CL0002212)
    Fold Change: 1.5011
    Cell Significance Index: 24.2200
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 1.4649
    Cell Significance Index: 159.3400
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 1.1806
    Cell Significance Index: 83.5000
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.9509
    Cell Significance Index: 188.7000
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.8924
    Cell Significance Index: 675.4700
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.6698
    Cell Significance Index: 18.7200
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.6446
    Cell Significance Index: 122.6700
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.6377
    Cell Significance Index: 78.4100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.6251
    Cell Significance Index: 106.7400
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.4464
    Cell Significance Index: 11.1600
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.4358
    Cell Significance Index: 393.4700
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: 0.3308
    Cell Significance Index: 242.5500
  • Cell Name: midzonal region hepatocyte (CL0019028)
    Fold Change: 0.1650
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9500
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0944
    Cell Significance Index: 2.5200
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.0708
    Cell Significance Index: 12.7700
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.0672
    Cell Significance Index: 6.8600
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0545
    Cell Significance Index: 102.5400
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0453
    Cell Significance Index: 69.7700
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.0365
    Cell Significance Index: 3.6100
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0080
    Cell Significance Index: 14.8000
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of glandular part of prostate (CL1000305)
    Fold Change: 0.0072
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0365
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1800
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0447
    Cell Significance Index: -60.8100
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.0734
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8100
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0803
    Cell Significance Index: -51.0000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0812
    Cell Significance Index: -60.1300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.1243
    Cell Significance Index: -77.6500
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.1405
    Cell Significance Index: -79.2300
  • Cell Name: microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell (CL0008035)
    Fold Change: -0.2000
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6800
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: -0.2146
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8400
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.2293
    Cell Significance Index: -104.0700
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.2346
    Cell Significance Index: -84.1300
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.2782
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4300
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.2873
    Cell Significance Index: -82.6700
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: -0.2967
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5900
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.3735
    Cell Significance Index: -10.9700
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.3747
    Cell Significance Index: -54.4700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.3763
    Cell Significance Index: -79.2600
  • Cell Name: prostate stromal cell (CL0002622)
    Fold Change: -0.3885
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8500
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.4006
    Cell Significance Index: -47.2400
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.4463
    Cell Significance Index: -89.5200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.4644
    Cell Significance Index: -53.0100
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: -0.5114
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0900
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.6289
    Cell Significance Index: -40.5800
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.7265
    Cell Significance Index: -32.9300
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.7808
    Cell Significance Index: -31.9900
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.8136
    Cell Significance Index: -26.0600
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of nonglandular part of prostate (CL1000304)
    Fold Change: -0.8648
    Cell Significance Index: -9.4400
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.9241
    Cell Significance Index: -46.7000
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.9814
    Cell Significance Index: -28.2800
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -1.0827
    Cell Significance Index: -112.7300
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -1.1330
    Cell Significance Index: -86.9500
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -1.1353
    Cell Significance Index: -59.6100
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -1.1619
    Cell Significance Index: -13.2000
  • Cell Name: epidermal cell (CL0000362)
    Fold Change: -1.2730
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8700
  • Cell Name: mononuclear cell (CL0000842)
    Fold Change: -1.3191
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4900
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -1.3400
    Cell Significance Index: -82.3600
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -1.5638
    Cell Significance Index: -98.5600
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: -1.5737
    Cell Significance Index: -23.5800
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid (CL0019021)
    Fold Change: -1.6183
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6300
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -1.7341
    Cell Significance Index: -116.6000
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: -1.7379
    Cell Significance Index: -29.2300
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -1.7684
    Cell Significance Index: -108.4200
  • Cell Name: pulmonary capillary endothelial cell (CL4028001)
    Fold Change: -1.7702
    Cell Significance Index: -24.2400

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Metal ion binding:** MT2A is specifically designed to bind metals, particularly copper, zinc, and cadmium, which are essential for various cellular functions. 2. **Homeostasis regulation:** MT2A plays a critical role in maintaining metal ion homeostasis within cells, ensuring that metal levels remain within a narrow range that supports cellular function. 3. **Cellular localization:** MT2A is predominantly found in the cytoplasm and nucleus, where it can interact with other proteins and influence gene expression. 4. **Signaling pathway involvement:** MT2A is implicated in various signaling pathways, including interferon gamma signaling and cytokine signaling, which are crucial for immune response regulation. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Intracellular copper ion homeostasis:** MT2A helps regulate copper levels within cells, which is essential for enzymes involved in oxidative stress response and electron transport. 2. **Intracellular zinc ion homeostasis:** MT2A plays a critical role in maintaining zinc levels within cells, which is vital for protein function, enzyme activity, and cell signaling. 3. **Detoxification of copper ion:** MT2A helps sequester excess copper ions, preventing their toxic effects on cells. 4. **Immune system regulation:** MT2A is expressed in professional antigen-presenting cells, where it influences immune responses by modulating cytokine signaling and interferon gamma signaling. 5. **Cytokine signaling in immune system:** MT2A interacts with cytokines, such as interleukin-3, to regulate immune responses and inflammation. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Cancer therapy:** Aberrant metal ion homeostasis is a hallmark of cancer. MT2A's role in regulating metal ion levels makes it a potential target for cancer therapy. 2. **Neurodegenerative diseases:** MT2A's involvement in copper and zinc homeostasis suggests its potential role in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. 3. **Immune disorders:** MT2A's expression in professional antigen-presenting cells highlights its potential role in immune disorders, such as autoimmune diseases and immunodeficiency disorders. 4. **Toxic metal exposure:** MT2A's ability to bind and sequester toxic metals, such as cadmium and lead, makes it a potential biomarker for exposure to these toxins. In conclusion, MT2A is a vital gene that regulates metal ion homeostasis and influences immune responses. Its involvement in various signaling pathways and its expression in multiple cell types highlight its potential role in various diseases and disorders. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the functions and clinical significance of MT2A.

Genular Protein ID: 2007106952

Symbol: MT2_HUMAN

Name: Metallothionein-2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P02795 Q14823 Q2HXR9 Q53XT9

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BMRB 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 28 ChiTaRS 1 DIP 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 9 EMBL 9 Ensembl 1 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 14 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 MetOSite 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 2 PDBsum 2 PIR 2 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TopDownProteomics 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 913597

Title: Primary structure of human hepatic metallothionein.

PubMed ID: 913597

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(77)80594-2

PubMed ID: 7133118

Title: Human metallothionein genes -- primary structure of the metallothionein-II gene and a related processed gene.

PubMed ID: 7133118

DOI: 10.1038/299797a0

PubMed ID: 6896577

Title: Human metallothionein genes: molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the mRNA.

PubMed ID: 6896577

DOI: 10.1093/nar/10.10.3165

PubMed ID: 2780570

Title: Changes in brain gene expression shared by scrapie and Alzheimer disease.

PubMed ID: 2780570

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.86.18.7260

PubMed ID: 1339282

Title: Expression of human metallothionein-II fusion protein in Escherichia coli.

PubMed ID: 1339282

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 15541360

Title: Identification and characterization of a novel gene EOLA1 stimulating ECV304 cell proliferation.

PubMed ID: 15541360

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.10.124

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 2388267

Title: Three-dimensional structure of human [113Cd7]metallothionein-2 in solution determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

PubMed ID: 2388267

DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(90)90291-s

PubMed ID: 1593628

Title: Comparison of the solution conformations of human [Zn7]-metallothionein-2 and [Cd7]-metallothionein-2 using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

PubMed ID: 1593628

DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(92)90930-i

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 61
  • Mass: 6042
  • Checksum: 7B0A7E1F99843078
  • Sequence:
    • MDPNCSCAAG DSCTCAGSCK CKECKCTSCK KSCCSCCPVG CAKCAQGCIC KGASDKCSCC 
A

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.