Details for: POLR2L

Gene ID: 5441

Symbol: POLR2L

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000177700

Description: RNA polymerase II, I and III subunit L

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 486.2251
    Cell Significance Index: -75.6300
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 358.0618
    Cell Significance Index: -90.8200
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 266.6965
    Cell Significance Index: -109.8700
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 231.1793
    Cell Significance Index: -109.1500
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 206.9558
    Cell Significance Index: -106.4600
  • Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
    Fold Change: 163.3851
    Cell Significance Index: -109.6400
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 82.7767
    Cell Significance Index: -102.0600
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 27.9419
    Cell Significance Index: -110.2600
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 27.6026
    Cell Significance Index: -84.7800
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 19.3067
    Cell Significance Index: -51.7200
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 15.0234
    Cell Significance Index: -32.8800
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 5.3280
    Cell Significance Index: 248.4200
  • Cell Name: kidney cell (CL1000497)
    Fold Change: 4.9416
    Cell Significance Index: 39.4600
  • Cell Name: luminal hormone-sensing cell of mammary gland (CL4033058)
    Fold Change: 4.2678
    Cell Significance Index: 26.2700
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 4.1043
    Cell Significance Index: 37.8000
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 3.8637
    Cell Significance Index: 181.5900
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: 3.7921
    Cell Significance Index: 43.0800
  • Cell Name: oral mucosa squamous cell (CL1001576)
    Fold Change: 3.7379
    Cell Significance Index: 32.1200
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 3.6659
    Cell Significance Index: 450.7600
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 3.5673
    Cell Significance Index: 265.8700
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 3.5077
    Cell Significance Index: 632.3400
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 3.4661
    Cell Significance Index: 1892.9100
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 2.9879
    Cell Significance Index: 211.3200
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 2.9243
    Cell Significance Index: 1292.8900
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 2.8306
    Cell Significance Index: 59.2500
  • Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
    Fold Change: 2.7763
    Cell Significance Index: 49.0600
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 2.7127
    Cell Significance Index: 372.5300
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 2.6389
    Cell Significance Index: 311.2100
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 2.5967
    Cell Significance Index: 70.6800
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 2.4705
    Cell Significance Index: 316.7000
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 2.2875
    Cell Significance Index: 60.1500
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: 2.0899
    Cell Significance Index: 22.7200
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 1.9163
    Cell Significance Index: 51.2600
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 1.9062
    Cell Significance Index: 246.2700
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 1.6783
    Cell Significance Index: 31.0200
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 1.5400
    Cell Significance Index: 152.3400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 1.3735
    Cell Significance Index: 234.5400
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 1.3038
    Cell Significance Index: 38.2900
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 1.1631
    Cell Significance Index: 880.3600
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 1.0860
    Cell Significance Index: 57.0200
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.7936
    Cell Significance Index: 151.0300
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.7771
    Cell Significance Index: 50.1400
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.7524
    Cell Significance Index: 20.0900
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.7086
    Cell Significance Index: 36.8100
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 0.6492
    Cell Significance Index: 18.6100
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.6467
    Cell Significance Index: 105.1800
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: 0.5555
    Cell Significance Index: 159.8500
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.4757
    Cell Significance Index: 13.7100
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.4659
    Cell Significance Index: 92.4600
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: 0.2498
    Cell Significance Index: 183.1400
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: 0.1512
    Cell Significance Index: 2.5300
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: 0.1445
    Cell Significance Index: 3.3400
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.0084
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0274
    Cell Significance Index: -20.2900
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0299
    Cell Significance Index: -56.3300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0334
    Cell Significance Index: -20.8600
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0472
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8300
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0475
    Cell Significance Index: -87.6000
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0527
    Cell Significance Index: -71.7000
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0555
    Cell Significance Index: -85.4400
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.1085
    Cell Significance Index: -68.9000
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.1374
    Cell Significance Index: -77.4700
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.1678
    Cell Significance Index: -33.6700
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.1762
    Cell Significance Index: -79.9900
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.1823
    Cell Significance Index: -65.3800
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.2015
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.2460
    Cell Significance Index: -28.1800
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.2550
    Cell Significance Index: -16.0700
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.2606
    Cell Significance Index: -20.6400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.2870
    Cell Significance Index: -60.4600
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: -0.3211
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9400
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.4190
    Cell Significance Index: -14.5600
  • Cell Name: seromucus secreting cell (CL0000159)
    Fold Change: -0.4287
    Cell Significance Index: -8.9400
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.4319
    Cell Significance Index: -12.0700
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.5926
    Cell Significance Index: -15.1400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.6169
    Cell Significance Index: -71.8900
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.6291
    Cell Significance Index: -91.4500
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.7159
    Cell Significance Index: -22.9300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.8249
    Cell Significance Index: -94.1600
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.8822
    Cell Significance Index: -23.6400
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.9184
    Cell Significance Index: -12.5300
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: -0.9397
    Cell Significance Index: -14.0800
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -1.0467
    Cell Significance Index: -108.9900
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -1.1679
    Cell Significance Index: -34.4000
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -1.2205
    Cell Significance Index: -93.6600
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -1.2625
    Cell Significance Index: -15.0500
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -1.3858
    Cell Significance Index: -85.1800
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -1.4943
    Cell Significance Index: -100.4800
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -1.5202
    Cell Significance Index: -32.3800
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -1.6033
    Cell Significance Index: -89.9700
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -1.6183
    Cell Significance Index: -99.2200
  • Cell Name: microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell (CL0008035)
    Fold Change: -1.7346
    Cell Significance Index: -14.5700
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -1.9977
    Cell Significance Index: -20.6800
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000810)
    Fold Change: -2.0610
    Cell Significance Index: -35.5300
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: -2.1309
    Cell Significance Index: -46.1700
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: -2.2844
    Cell Significance Index: -29.2600
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -2.5538
    Cell Significance Index: -65.6500
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -2.5868
    Cell Significance Index: -94.9600
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -2.6079
    Cell Significance Index: -115.3600
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -2.6800
    Cell Significance Index: -109.8100

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** POLR2L is a large gene that encodes a subunit of the Pol II complex, which is composed of two catalytic subunits (Rpb1 and Rpb2) and several regulatory subunits. The Pol II complex is responsible for transcribing mRNA from DNA, and POLR2L is involved in various aspects of this process, including promoter recognition, transcription initiation, and elongation. POLR2L has been shown to interact with multiple proteins, including transcription factors, RNA-binding proteins, and chromatin remodeling complexes, to regulate gene expression. **Pathways and Functions:** POLR2L is involved in multiple cellular pathways, including: 1. **Gene expression**: POLR2L is essential for the transcription of mRNA from DNA, and its dysregulation can lead to changes in gene expression patterns, contributing to various diseases. 2. **Cell cycle regulation**: POLR2L is involved in the regulation of the cell cycle, particularly during the G2/M phase, and its dysregulation can lead to cell cycle dysregulation and cancer. 3. **DNA repair**: POLR2L has been shown to interact with DNA repair proteins, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, to regulate DNA repair processes. 4. **Transcriptional regulation**: POLR2L is involved in the regulation of transcriptional programs, including those involved in development, differentiation, and response to environmental stimuli. 5. **Immune response**: POLR2L has been shown to interact with immune-related proteins, such as interferons and cytokines, to regulate immune responses. **Clinical Significance:** The POLR2L gene has been implicated in various clinical conditions, including: 1. **Cancer**: POLR2L has been shown to be overexpressed in several types of cancer, including breast, lung, and colon cancer. 2. **Neurological disorders**: POLR2L has been implicated in neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). 3. **Infectious diseases**: POLR2L has been shown to interact with HIV proteins, such as Tat, to regulate HIV transcription and replication. 4. **Developmental disorders**: POLR2L has been implicated in developmental disorders, including Down syndrome and intellectual disability. In conclusion, the POLR2L gene is a complex and multifaceted component of the RNA polymerase II complex, involved in multiple cellular pathways, including gene expression, cell cycle regulation, DNA repair, transcriptional regulation, and immune response. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various clinical conditions, including cancer, neurological disorders, infectious diseases, and developmental disorders. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of POLR2L in human disease and to develop therapeutic strategies to target this gene.

Genular Protein ID: 2593595146

Symbol: RPAB5_HUMAN

Name: DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC5

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8524256

Title: Six human RNA polymerase subunits functionally substitute for their yeast counterparts.

PubMed ID: 8524256

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.15.12.6895

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 7651387

Title: Four subunits that are shared by the three classes of RNA polymerase are functionally interchangeable between Homo sapiens and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PubMed ID: 7651387

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.15.9.4702

PubMed ID: 9852112

Title: Immunoaffinity purification and functional characterization of human transcription factor IIH and RNA polymerase II from clonal cell lines that conditionally express epitope-tagged subunits of the multiprotein complexes.

PubMed ID: 9852112

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.51.34444

PubMed ID: 16809778

Title: RNA polymerase I-specific subunit CAST/hPAF49 has a role in the activation of transcription by upstream binding factor.

PubMed ID: 16809778

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00230-06

PubMed ID: 20413673

Title: Defining the RNA polymerase III transcriptome: Genome-wide localization of the RNA polymerase III transcription machinery in human cells.

PubMed ID: 20413673

DOI: 10.1101/gr.101337.109

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 27193682

Title: Near-atomic resolution visualization of human transcription promoter opening.

PubMed ID: 27193682

DOI: 10.1038/nature17970

PubMed ID: 30190596

Title: Architecture of Pol II(G) and molecular mechanism of transcription regulation by Gdown1.

PubMed ID: 30190596

DOI: 10.1038/s41594-018-0118-5

PubMed ID: 33335104

Title: Structure of human RNA polymerase III.

PubMed ID: 33335104

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20262-5

PubMed ID: 34671025

Title: Structure of the human RNA polymerase I elongation complex.

PubMed ID: 34671025

DOI: 10.1038/s41421-021-00335-5

PubMed ID: 33674783

Title: Structure of human RNA polymerase III elongation complex.

PubMed ID: 33674783

DOI: 10.1038/s41422-021-00472-2

PubMed ID: 34675218

Title: Structural insights into RNA polymerase III-mediated transcription termination through trapping poly-deoxythymidine.

PubMed ID: 34675218

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26402-9

PubMed ID: 33558764

Title: Cryo-EM structures of human RNA polymerase III in its unbound and transcribing states.

PubMed ID: 33558764

DOI: 10.1038/s41594-020-00555-5

PubMed ID: 34887565

Title: Cryo-EM structures of human RNA polymerase I.

PubMed ID: 34887565

DOI: 10.1038/s41594-021-00693-4

PubMed ID: 33558766

Title: Structural insights into transcriptional regulation of human RNA polymerase III.

PubMed ID: 33558766

DOI: 10.1038/s41594-021-00557-x

PubMed ID: 36271492

Title: The human RNA polymerase I structure reveals an HMG-like docking domain specific to metazoans.

PubMed ID: 36271492

DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201568

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 67
  • Mass: 7645
  • Checksum: 9E8A72F667FE7EC5
  • Sequence:
  • MIIPVRCFTC GKIVGNKWEA YLGLLQAEYT EGDALDALGL KRYCCRRMLL AHVDLIEKLL 
    NYAPLEK

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.