PPA1 | ENSG00000180817 | NCBI 5464

Details for: PPA1

Gene ID: 5464

Gene Type: Protein-coding - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: PPA1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000180817

Description: inorganic pyrophosphatase 1

Cell Significance Landscape

Display Count:

Associated with

Cytosolic trna aminoacylation
(R-HSA-379716)
Metabolism
(R-HSA-1430728)
Metabolism of proteins
(R-HSA-392499)
Pyrophosphate hydrolysis
(R-HSA-71737)
Translation
(R-HSA-72766)
Trna aminoacylation
(R-HSA-379724)
Cytoplasm
(GO:0005737)
Cytosol
(GO:0005829)
Extracellular exosome
(GO:0070062)
Inorganic diphosphate phosphatase activity
(GO:0004427)
Magnesium ion binding
(GO:0000287)
Phosphate-containing compound metabolic process
(GO:0006796)

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006

CSI 91.16

rCSI 87.75%

PRS 4.47
epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632

CSI 90.94

rCSI 70.5%

PRS 4.12
stem cell CL0000034

CSI 80.62

rCSI 77.73%

PRS 2.23
plasmablast CL0000980

CSI 75.58

rCSI 59.46%

PRS 5.15
keratinocyte CL0000312

CSI 69.57

rCSI 58.31%

PRS 5.2
intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563

CSI 66.93

rCSI 69.96%

PRS 4.6
pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064

CSI 65.6

rCSI 87.19%

PRS 4.73
pancreatic D cell CL0000173

CSI 64.94

rCSI 63.87%

PRS 4.73
transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011

CSI 63.72

rCSI 74.83%

PRS 5.24
pancreatic A cell CL0000171

CSI 63.37

rCSI 66.39%

PRS 4.63
colon epithelial cell CL0011108

CSI 56.27

rCSI 58.94%

PRS 4.04
megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050

CSI 53.75

rCSI 48.54%

PRS 3.81
respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048

CSI 53.47

rCSI 68.58%

PRS 5
secretory cell CL0000151

CSI 52.66

rCSI 54.94%

PRS 4.42
hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037

CSI 51.51

rCSI 34.24%

PRS 5.16
respiratory basal cell CL0002633

CSI 51.11

rCSI 52.94%

PRS 5.08
epithelial cell of lung CL0000082

CSI 49.67

rCSI 41.18%

PRS 4.07
conventional dendritic cell CL0000990

CSI 49.25

rCSI 41.11%

PRS 14.14
common myeloid progenitor CL0000049

CSI 46.91

rCSI 37.93%

PRS 4.25
mucous neck cell CL0000651

CSI 46.34

rCSI 66.79%

PRS 7.02
placental villous trophoblast CL2000060

CSI 43.46

rCSI 67.15%

PRS 4.05
granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557

CSI 41.25

rCSI 35.71%

PRS 4.81
Mueller cell CL0000636

CSI 41.11

rCSI 93.82%

PRS 4
enterocyte CL0000584

CSI 39.66

rCSI 63.95%

PRS 7.04
luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002326

CSI 39.65

rCSI 72.03%

PRS 6.63
OFF-bipolar cell CL0000750

CSI 38.56

rCSI 52.72%

PRS 7.56
extravillous trophoblast CL0008036

CSI 37.99

rCSI 46.99%

PRS 3.79
pulmonary alveolar type 2 cell CL0002063

CSI 37.63

rCSI 58.37%

PRS 6.92
pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079

CSI 36.71

rCSI 71.39%

PRS 4.42
conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432

CSI 35.98

rCSI 54.95%

PRS 4.31
peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032

CSI 35.47

rCSI 48.33%

PRS 3.91
myeloid dendritic cell CL0000782

CSI 35.46

rCSI 51.37%

PRS 6.37
intestine goblet cell CL0019031

CSI 35.09

rCSI 31.15%

PRS 4.33
radial glial cell CL0000681

CSI 35.05

rCSI 48.7%

PRS 4.54
glandular epithelial cell CL0000150

CSI 33.06

rCSI 87.04%

PRS 8.46
club cell CL0000158

CSI 32.93

rCSI 48.24%

PRS 5.14
type B pancreatic cell CL0000169

CSI 32.38

rCSI 71.69%

PRS 4.05
retinal cone cell CL0000573

CSI 31.14

rCSI 50.13%

PRS 3.34
duct epithelial cell CL0000068

CSI 30.1

rCSI 44.03%

PRS 4.57
CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell CL0002399

CSI 29.5

rCSI 35.64%

PRS 5.06
transit amplifying cell CL0009010

CSI 29.04

rCSI 44.41%

PRS 7.08
neural crest cell CL0011012

CSI 28.4

rCSI 22.45%

PRS 2.99
forebrain radial glial cell CL0013000

CSI 27.98

rCSI 89.78%

PRS 6.52
promyelocyte CL0000836

CSI 27.78

rCSI 40.07%

PRS 6.02
myeloid leukocyte CL0000766

CSI 27.61

rCSI 25.47%

PRS 4.37
foveolar cell of stomach CL0002179

CSI 27.5

rCSI 58.55%

PRS 7.03
intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine CL0009017

CSI 27.46

rCSI 74.02%

PRS 5.64
goblet cell CL0000160

CSI 27.29

rCSI 25.78%

PRS 4.51
pulmonary artery endothelial cell CL1001568

CSI 26.85

rCSI 36.54%

PRS 6.65
epithelial cell CL0000066

CSI 26.34

rCSI 40.47%

PRS 6.25
neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031

CSI 25.94

rCSI 33.29%

PRS 4.29
double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000809

CSI 24.86

rCSI 25.34%

PRS 6.28
neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338

CSI 24.31

rCSI 28.08%

PRS 3.91
colon goblet cell CL0009039

CSI 23.9

rCSI 56.82%

PRS 6.59
mammary gland epithelial cell CL0002327

CSI 23.2

rCSI 81.42%

PRS 7.87
intrahepatic cholangiocyte CL0002538

CSI 22.18

rCSI 53.23%

PRS 8.24
basal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002341

CSI 22.15

rCSI 64.09%

PRS 9.69
perivascular cell CL4033054

CSI 21.88

rCSI 29.91%

PRS 4.9
mucus secreting cell CL0000319

CSI 20.86

rCSI 33.12%

PRS 5.66
dendritic cell CL0000451

CSI 20.43

rCSI 25.17%

PRS 14.58
tracheal goblet cell CL1000329

CSI 20.28

rCSI 44.28%

PRS 8.88
paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine CL1000343

CSI 20.23

rCSI 56.7%

PRS 6.81
microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell CL0008035

CSI 19.23

rCSI 55.67%

PRS 4.9
retinal rod cell CL0000604

CSI 18.43

rCSI 32.48%

PRS 4.63
acinar cell CL0000622

CSI 18.2

rCSI 26.69%

PRS 5.69
endothelial cell of artery CL1000413

CSI 18.08

rCSI 26.48%

PRS 26.2
basal cell CL0000646

CSI 17.98

rCSI 24.04%

PRS 4.73
kidney epithelial cell CL0002518

CSI 17.6

rCSI 33.6%

PRS 10.63
common dendritic progenitor CL0001029

CSI 17.53

rCSI 22%

PRS 5.5
colonocyte CL1000347

CSI 17.47

rCSI 25.04%

PRS 6.05
M cell of gut CL0000682

CSI 16.98

rCSI 18.04%

PRS 7.74
dendritic cell, human CL0001056

CSI 16.56

rCSI 25.43%

PRS 5.02
respiratory hillock cell CL4030023

CSI 16.13

rCSI 28.76%

PRS 7.53
glioblast CL0000030

CSI 16.11

rCSI 25.7%

PRS 3.77
large pre-B-II cell CL0000957

CSI 16.1

rCSI 45.95%

PRS 7.69
transit amplifying cell of small intestine CL0009012

CSI 15.46

rCSI 67.89%

PRS 8.46
skin fibroblast CL0002620

CSI 15.27

rCSI 13.16%

PRS 7.18
progenitor cell CL0011026

CSI 15.07

rCSI 32.04%

PRS 8.32
cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron CL0010011

CSI 14.48

rCSI 42.73%

PRS 5.49
fraction A pre-pro B cell CL0002045

CSI 14.04

rCSI 16.07%

PRS 9.01
tracheobronchial serous cell CL0019001

CSI 13.97

rCSI 60.36%

PRS 8.44
myeloid dendritic cell, human CL0001057

CSI 13.67

rCSI 76.96%

PRS 13.99
bronchial goblet cell CL1000312

CSI 13.55

rCSI 54.15%

PRS 9.67
pancreatic PP cell CL0002275

CSI 13.44

rCSI 53.5%

PRS 7.73
enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504

CSI 13.25

rCSI 18.9%

PRS 4.93
myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000839

CSI 13.25

rCSI 68.39%

PRS 8.67
early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936

CSI 12.8

rCSI 11.24%

PRS 4.85
muscle cell CL0000187

CSI 12.63

rCSI 25.93%

PRS 10.52
Langerhans cell CL0000453

CSI 12.36

rCSI 18.88%

PRS 7.61
enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine CL0002071

CSI 12.01

rCSI 63.05%

PRS 8.84
nasal mucosa goblet cell CL0002480

CSI 11.75

rCSI 13.62%

PRS 6.49
lung ciliated cell CL1000271

CSI 11.72

rCSI 13.55%

PRS 3.13
endothelial cell of placenta CL0009092

CSI 11.66

rCSI 57.48%

PRS 5.86
type EC enteroendocrine cell CL0000577

CSI 11.48

rCSI 40.75%

PRS 7.14
corneal epithelial cell CL0000575

CSI 11.38

rCSI 32.54%

PRS 8.41
intestinal crypt stem cell of colon CL0009043

CSI 11.28

rCSI 84.72%

PRS 8.23
bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093

CSI 11.06

rCSI 8.99%

PRS 4.58
retinal pigment epithelial cell CL0002586

CSI 11

rCSI 21.84%

PRS 4.76
ON-bipolar cell CL0000749

CSI 10.84

rCSI 16.1%

PRS 5.53
plasma cell CL0000786

CSI 10.29

rCSI 13.49%

PRS 23.47

CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002397

CSI -19.2

rCSI -25.1%

PRS 6.1%
regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131

CSI -9.2

rCSI -57.5%

PRS 3.6%
immature B cell CL0000816

CSI -9.0

rCSI -6.7%

PRS 6.5%
brush cell CL0002204

CSI -7.6

rCSI -15.1%

PRS 12.7%
squamous epithelial cell CL0000076

CSI -5.4

rCSI -12.7%

PRS 5.8%
vascular associated smooth muscle cell CL0000359

CSI -4.7

rCSI -15.2%

PRS 5.3%
dopaminergic neuron CL0000700

CSI -4.1

rCSI -23.3%

PRS 1.4%
brush cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002075

CSI -4.0

rCSI -11.8%

PRS 7.4%
neural progenitor cell CL0011020

CSI -3.8

rCSI -16.7%

PRS 4.4%
lung macrophage CL1001603

CSI -3.8

rCSI -8.5%

PRS 4.9%
effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001044

CSI -3.7

rCSI -10.6%

PRS 6.3%
precursor B cell CL0000817

CSI -3.5

rCSI -3.1%

PRS 5.9%
Schwann cell CL0002573

CSI -3.3

rCSI -9.3%

PRS 5.9%
parietal epithelial cell CL1000452

CSI -2.8

rCSI -7.6%

PRS 4.4%
pro-B cell CL0000826

CSI -2.8

rCSI -2.3%

PRS 4.3%
pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018

CSI -2.4

rCSI -3.0%

PRS 2.4%
effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000913

CSI -2.4

rCSI -2.2%

PRS 6.8%
activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, human CL0001049

CSI -2.4

rCSI -4.0%

PRS 9.5%
VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016

CSI -2.1

rCSI -2.5%

PRS 2.6%
follicular B cell CL0000843

CSI -2.1

rCSI -7.6%

PRS 22.1%
megakaryocyte CL0000556

CSI -1.9

rCSI -8.1%

PRS 8.1%
renal alpha-intercalated cell CL0005011

CSI -1.8

rCSI -2.4%

PRS 5.9%
renal principal cell CL0005009

CSI -1.7

rCSI -4.4%

PRS 6.3%
innate lymphoid cell CL0001065

CSI -1.5

rCSI -3.1%

PRS 7.1%
astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605

CSI -1.3

rCSI -3.0%

PRS 2.8%
IgA plasma cell CL0000987

CSI -1.3

rCSI -1.3%

PRS 8.2%
alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004

CSI -1.2

rCSI -1.4%

PRS 5.0%
CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000897

CSI -1.0

rCSI -0.7%

PRS 5.9%
cerebral cortex neuron CL0010012

CSI -0.9

rCSI -3.7%

PRS 5.3%
inflammatory macrophage CL0000863

CSI -0.7

rCSI -1.2%

PRS 9.0%
elicited macrophage CL0000861

CSI -0.7

rCSI -0.6%

PRS 5.0%
CD14-positive monocyte CL0001054

CSI -0.6

rCSI -0.7%

PRS 6.4%
ciliated cell CL0000064

CSI -0.4

rCSI -0.6%

PRS 4.4%
cord blood hematopoietic stem cell CL2000095

CSI -0.2

rCSI -4.3%

PRS 36.1%
central nervous system neuron CL2000029

CSI -0.2

rCSI -1.6%

PRS 2.1%
common lymphoid progenitor CL0000051

CSI 0.1

rCSI 0.1%

PRS 8.3%
cytotoxic T cell CL0000910

CSI 0.1

rCSI 0.5%

PRS 6.8%
glycinergic amacrine cell CL4030028

CSI 0.1

rCSI 0.2%

PRS 5.7%
macroglial cell CL0000126

CSI 0.1

rCSI 0.3%

PRS 7.7%
neural cell CL0002319

CSI 0.2

rCSI 0.8%

PRS 9.2%
odontoblast CL0000060

CSI 0.3

rCSI 6.1%

PRS 24.9%
kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768

CSI 0.3

rCSI 0.7%

PRS 3.5%
parietal cell CL0000162

CSI 0.3

rCSI 2.7%

PRS 29.8%
serous secreting cell of bronchus submucosal gland CL4033005

CSI 0.3

rCSI 1.9%

PRS 23.7%
myelocyte CL0002193

CSI 0.4

rCSI 2.3%

PRS 15.0%
chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036

CSI 0.4

rCSI 1.1%

PRS 3.1%
endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel CL0002138

CSI 0.4

rCSI 0.7%

PRS 13.8%
osteoblast CL0000062

CSI 0.4

rCSI 9.5%

PRS 38.3%
endocrine cell CL0000163

CSI 0.4

rCSI 2.1%

PRS 20.5%
tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell CL0019019

CSI 0.5

rCSI 0.9%

PRS 5.8%
CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000794

CSI 0.5

rCSI 0.6%

PRS 7.6%
near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012

CSI 0.5

rCSI 1.9%

PRS 2.8%
caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064

CSI 0.5

rCSI 0.9%

PRS 2.6%
cholangiocyte CL1000488

CSI 0.5

rCSI 3.2%

PRS 9.0%
midbrain dopaminergic neuron CL2000097

CSI 0.5

rCSI 3.4%

PRS 7.9%
helper T cell CL0000912

CSI 0.6

rCSI 0.8%

PRS 6.5%
P/D1 enteroendocrine cell CL0002268

CSI 0.6

rCSI 3.1%

PRS 11.2%
sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017

CSI 0.6

rCSI 0.8%

PRS 2.8%
ON midget ganglion cell CL4033046

CSI 0.6

rCSI 12.1%

PRS 4.5%
uterine smooth muscle cell CL0002601

CSI 0.6

rCSI 3.9%

PRS 33.3%
CD34-positive, CD56-positive, CD117-positive common innate lymphoid precursor, human CL0001074

CSI 0.6

rCSI 7.1%

PRS 19.2%
cone retinal bipolar cell CL0000752

CSI 0.6

rCSI 8.0%

PRS 26.5%
blood vessel smooth muscle cell CL0019018

CSI 0.7

rCSI 5.9%

PRS 4.6%
ON parasol ganglion cell CL4033052

CSI 0.7

rCSI 10.4%

PRS 3.4%
GABAergic amacrine cell CL4030027

CSI 0.7

rCSI 2.5%

PRS 5.4%
Bergmann glial cell CL0000644

CSI 0.8

rCSI 1.1%

PRS 4.8%
neuroplacodal cell CL0000032

CSI 0.8

rCSI 7.7%

PRS 16.8%
type L enteroendocrine cell CL0002279

CSI 0.9

rCSI 1.6%

PRS 8.6%
L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040

CSI 0.9

rCSI 2.1%

PRS 2.6%
direct pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023026

CSI 0.9

rCSI 21.4%

PRS 2.0%
renal beta-intercalated cell CL0002201

CSI 0.9

rCSI 2.2%

PRS 5.7%
alternatively activated macrophage CL0000890

CSI 0.9

rCSI 1.2%

PRS 6.7%
diffuse bipolar 6 cell CL4033032

CSI 0.9

rCSI 4.9%

PRS 8.8%
follicular dendritic cell CL0000442

CSI 1.0

rCSI 15.5%

PRS 28.9%
OFF midget ganglion cell CL4033047

CSI 1.0

rCSI 19.6%

PRS 4.8%
glial cell CL0000125

CSI 1.0

rCSI 3.7%

PRS 4.7%
chondrocyte CL0000138

CSI 1.0

rCSI 1.6%

PRS 3.9%
retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748

CSI 1.0

rCSI 1.9%

PRS 3.4%
intermediate monocyte CL0002393

CSI 1.0

rCSI 1.5%

PRS 4.3%
central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000907

CSI 1.1

rCSI 0.7%

PRS 5.3%
rod bipolar cell CL0000751

CSI 1.1

rCSI 2.0%

PRS 3.7%
CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte CL0002057

CSI 1.1

rCSI 6.8%

PRS 10.2%
unswitched memory B cell CL0000970

CSI 1.1

rCSI 0.9%

PRS 7.3%
corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013

CSI 1.1

rCSI 6.6%

PRS 2.9%
mesenchymal cell CL0008019

CSI 1.1

rCSI 2.9%

PRS 4.4%
differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor CL4023059

CSI 1.2

rCSI 2.2%

PRS 4.3%
non-classical monocyte CL0000875

CSI 1.2

rCSI 2.0%

PRS 14.3%
indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029

CSI 1.2

rCSI 29.8%

PRS 2.6%
activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell, human CL0001043

CSI 1.2

rCSI 3.0%

PRS 30.8%
periportal region hepatocyte CL0019026

CSI 1.3

rCSI 4.9%

PRS 7.2%
transitional stage B cell CL0000818

CSI 1.3

rCSI 4.2%

PRS 13.6%
basal cell of epidermis CL0002187

CSI 1.3

rCSI 2.3%

PRS 6.0%
IgG plasma cell CL0000985

CSI 1.3

rCSI 1.6%

PRS 7.5%
neuroendocrine cell CL0000165

CSI 1.4

rCSI 5.2%

PRS 9.4%
T follicular helper cell CL0002038

CSI 1.4

rCSI 1.0%

PRS 7.1%
cerebral cortex pyramidal neuron CL4023111

CSI 1.4

rCSI 8.5%

PRS 16.5%
smooth muscle cell of prostate CL1000487

CSI 1.4

rCSI 8.4%

PRS 24.2%
regular atrial cardiac myocyte CL0002129

CSI 1.5

rCSI 4.7%

PRS 5.2%
forebrain neuroblast CL1000042

CSI 1.5

rCSI 15.8%

PRS 55.1%
epithelial cell of nephron CL1000449

CSI 1.5

rCSI 14.0%

PRS 19.5%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

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Interaction Source:

Pathway Categories (for ONTOLOGY source):

Baseline Cell Type:

Baseline Cell Context(s): Comma-separated if multiple.

Target Cell Type:

Target Cell Context(s): Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:

Query Gene
Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
- Very High
- High
- Medium
- Low
- Very Low
- CSI N/A
Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

Description
Proteins

## Summary [PPA1](/details-gene/5464) encodes inorganic pyrophosphatase 1, a cytosolic enzyme crucial for cellular metabolism. The primary function of this enzyme is to catalyze the hydrolysis of inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) into two phosphate ions. This reaction is thermodynamically favorable and is coupled to many biosynthetic processes, such as DNA and protein synthesis, effectively driving these reactions forward. **Overall**, expression data indicates that [PPA1](/details-gene/5464) is highly significant in metabolically active cells, particularly various types of epithelial, secretory, and progenitor cells. Its fundamental role in core metabolic pathways is consistent with its ubiquitous but varied expression across numerous tissues. A clinical association has been noted for this gene ([179030](https://omim.org/entry/179030)). ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [PPA1](/details-gene/5464) highlights its importance in cells with high metabolic and biosynthetic demands. It is most significantly expressed in secretory and epithelial lineages, including '[fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL4030006)' (CSI: 91.16) and '[epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract](/details-cell/CL0002632)' (CSI: 90.94), as well as cells with high protein production capacity like '[plasmablast](/details-cell/CL0000980)' (CSI: 75.58) and '[pancreatic acinar cell](/details-cell/CL0002064)' (CSI: 65.60). This suggests a critical role in supporting the energetic costs of secretion and maintaining epithelial barriers. Furthermore, [PPA1](/details-gene/5464) shows high significance in various progenitor populations, such as '[stem cell](/details-cell/CL0000034)' (CSI: 80.62), '[hematopoietic stem cell](/details-cell/CL0000037)' (CSI: 51.51), and '[megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0000050)' (CSI: 53.75). This pattern is consistent with its function in facilitating the rapid biosynthesis required for cell division and differentiation. Conversely, [PPA1](/details-gene/5464) expression is notably low in several terminally differentiated or quiescent cell types. These anti-markers include specialized immune cells like '[CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte](/details-cell/CL0002397)' (CSI: -19.16), structural cells like '[regular ventricular cardiac myocyte](/details-cell/CL0002131)' (CSI: -9.20), and neuronal cells such as '[dopaminergic neuron](/details-cell/CL0000700)' (CSI: -4.13). This selective expression pattern reinforces its primary association with active biosynthesis and proliferation rather than the maintenance of terminally differentiated cellular states. ## Pathways and Molecular Function Functionally, [PPA1](/details-gene/5464) is annotated with '[inorganic diphosphate phosphatase activity](/details-link/GO:0004427)', a core component of the '[Phosphate-containing compound metabolic process](/details-link/GO:0006796)'. This activity is central to the Reactome pathway '[Pyrophosphate hydrolysis](/details-link/R-HSA-71737)'. The removal of pyrophosphate is a common thermodynamic "pull" mechanism for numerous anabolic reactions that would otherwise be reversible. This fundamental role connects [PPA1](/details-gene/5464) to a broad range of essential cellular processes. Its involvement is explicitly annotated in pathways related to protein synthesis, such as '[Translation](/details-link/R-HSA-72766)', '[Metabolism of proteins](/details-link/R-HSA-392499)', and '[Cytosolic trna aminoacylation](/details-link/R-HSA-379716)'. This strong link to translation machinery is consistent with its high expression in protein-secreting cells like '[plasmablast](/details-cell/CL0000980)' and pancreatic cells. The enzyme's cytoplasmic and cytosolic localization ([GO:0005737](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005737), [GO:0005829](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005829)) places it at the center of these core metabolic activities. ## Research Directions The expression pattern and fundamental metabolic function of [PPA1](/details-gene/5464) suggest it may be a critical regulator of cellular states defined by high biosynthetic activity, such as proliferation and secretion. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its high significance in '[stem cell](/details-cell/CL0000034)' and other progenitor populations, the enzymatic activity of [PPA1](/details-gene/5464) may be a rate-limiting factor for maintaining pluripotency and supporting the rapid cell cycling characteristic of these cells. Its downregulation could be a prerequisite for entry into quiescence or terminal differentiation. 2. The exceptionally high expression of [PPA1](/details-gene/5464) in highly active secretory cells, like '[fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL4030006)', suggests a potential vulnerability. These cells may be disproportionately dependent on [PPA1](/details-gene/5464) activity to sustain their high rates of protein synthesis and secretion, making the enzyme a potential target to modulate their function. **Experimental Approach:** To test the first hypothesis regarding the role of [PPA1](/details-gene/5464) in stem cell maintenance, a loss-of-function study could be performed. A CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) system could be used to achieve a tunable knockdown of [PPA1](/details-gene/5464) in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). The impact on self-renewal could be quantified through colony-forming assays and cell proliferation analysis. Concurrently, the onset of spontaneous differentiation could be monitored by measuring the expression of pluripotency markers (e.g., OCT4, SOX2) and lineage-specific markers via quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence over time. **Therapeutic Potential:** As [PPA1](/details-gene/5464) is a ubiquitous enzyme essential for basic metabolism in many healthy tissues, it is generally considered a poor therapeutic target for systemic inhibition due to the high risk of on-target toxicity. However, many cancer cells exhibit a metabolic state characterized by high rates of biosynthesis and may develop a specific dependency on [PPA1](/details-gene/5464) activity. Therefore, targeted inhibition of [PPA1](/details-gene/5464) could be a viable strategy in cancers that demonstrate clear addiction to this pathway, assuming a sufficient therapeutic window exists. The goal of such a therapy would be inhibition to disrupt the anabolic processes required for tumor growth.

Disclaimer: This in-silico analysis is generated by an AI language model and may contain inaccuracies or hallucinations. However, it is cross-referenced with curated gene expression data from major biological sources. Please verify the information before use.

Inorganic pyrophosphatase

Genular Protein ID: 3228869311

Symbol: IPYR_HUMAN

Name: Inorganic pyrophosphatase

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q15181 Q2M348 Q5SQT7 Q6P7P4 Q9UQJ5 Q9Y5B1

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 10542310

Title: Cloning and expression profile of human inorganic pyrophosphatase.

PubMed ID: 10542310

DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4781(99)00175-x

PubMed ID: 10931946

Title: Gene expression profiling in the human hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and full-length cDNA cloning.

PubMed ID: 10931946

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.160270997

PubMed ID: 15164054

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10.

PubMed ID: 15164054

DOI: 10.1038/nature02462

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 19608861

Title: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.

PubMed ID: 19608861

DOI: 10.1126/science.1175371

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22223895

Title: Comparative large-scale characterisation of plant vs. mammal proteins reveals similar and idiosyncratic N-alpha acetylation features.

PubMed ID: 22223895

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.015131

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 16959974

Title: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers.

PubMed ID: 16959974

DOI: 10.1126/science.1133427

Sequence Information:

Length: 289
Mass: 32660
Checksum: E3973C9E6F8CA5CD
Sequence:

MSGFSTEERA APFSLEYRVF LKNEKGQYIS PFHDIPIYAD KDVFHMVVEV PRWSNAKMEI 
ATKDPLNPIK QDVKKGKLRY VANLFPYKGY IWNYGAIPQT WEDPGHNDKH TGCCGDNDPI 
DVCEIGSKVC ARGEIIGVKV LGILAMIDEG ETDWKVIAIN VDDPDAANYN DINDVKRLKP 
GYLEATVDWF RRYKVPDGKP ENEFAFNAEF KDKDFAIDII KSTHDHWKAL VTKKTNGKGI 
SCMNTTLSES PFKCDPDAAR AIVDALPPPC ESACTVPTDV DKWFHHQKN

Details for: PPA1

Cell Significance Landscape

Associated with

Significant Cells

Network Configuration

Legend:

Other Information

Cloning and expression profile of human inorganic pyrophosphatase. PubMed ID: 10542310

Gene expression profiling in the human hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and full-length cDNA cloning. PubMed ID: 10931946

The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10. PubMed ID: 15164054

The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). PubMed ID: 15489334

Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. PubMed ID: 19413330

Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. PubMed ID: 19608861

Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis. PubMed ID: 20068231

Initial characterization of the human central proteome. PubMed ID: 21269460

Comparative large-scale characterisation of plant vs. mammal proteins reveals similar and idiosyncratic N-alpha acetylation features. PubMed ID: 22223895

N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB. PubMed ID: 22814378

An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome. PubMed ID: 24275569

The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. PubMed ID: 16959974