RPL28 | ENSG00000108107 | NCBI 6158

Details for: RPL28

Associated with

Axon guidance
(R-HSA-422475)
Cap-dependent translation initiation
(R-HSA-72737)
Cellular responses to stimuli
(R-HSA-8953897)
Cellular responses to stress
(R-HSA-2262752)
Cellular response to starvation
(R-HSA-9711097)
Developmental biology
(R-HSA-1266738)
Disease
(R-HSA-1643685)
Eukaryotic translation elongation
(R-HSA-156842)
Eukaryotic translation initiation
(R-HSA-72613)
Eukaryotic translation termination
(R-HSA-72764)
Formation of a pool of free 40s subunits
(R-HSA-72689)
Gtp hydrolysis and joining of the 60s ribosomal subunit
(R-HSA-72706)
Infectious disease
(R-HSA-5663205)
Influenza infection
(R-HSA-168255)
Influenza viral rna transcription and replication
(R-HSA-168273)
L13a-mediated translational silencing of ceruloplasmin expression
(R-HSA-156827)
Major pathway of rrna processing in the nucleolus and cytosol
(R-HSA-6791226)
Metabolism
(R-HSA-1430728)
Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives
(R-HSA-71291)
Metabolism of proteins
(R-HSA-392499)
Metabolism of rna
(R-HSA-8953854)
Nervous system development
(R-HSA-9675108)
Nonsense-mediated decay (nmd)
(R-HSA-927802)
Nonsense mediated decay (nmd) enhanced by the exon junction complex (ejc)
(R-HSA-975957)
Nonsense mediated decay (nmd) independent of the exon junction complex (ejc)
(R-HSA-975956)
Peptide chain elongation
(R-HSA-156902)
Regulation of expression of slits and robos
(R-HSA-9010553)
Response of eif2ak4 (gcn2) to amino acid deficiency
(R-HSA-9633012)
Rrna processing
(R-HSA-72312)
Rrna processing in the nucleus and cytosol
(R-HSA-8868773)
Selenoamino acid metabolism
(R-HSA-2408522)
Selenocysteine synthesis
(R-HSA-2408557)
Signaling by robo receptors
(R-HSA-376176)
Srp-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane
(R-HSA-1799339)
Viral infection pathways
(R-HSA-9824446)
Viral mrna translation
(R-HSA-192823)
Cell body
(GO:0044297)
Cytoplasm
(GO:0005737)
Cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule
(GO:0036464)
Cytoplasmic translation
(GO:0002181)
Cytosol
(GO:0005829)
Cytosolic large ribosomal subunit
(GO:0022625)
Cytosolic ribosome
(GO:0022626)
Dendrite
(GO:0030425)
Extracellular exosome
(GO:0070062)
Membrane
(GO:0016020)
Protein binding
(GO:0005515)
Rna binding
(GO:0003723)
Structural constituent of ribosome
(GO:0003735)
Synapse
(GO:0045202)
Translation
(GO:0006412)

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000904

CSI 173.14

rCSI 100%

PRS 2.24
naive T cell CL0000898

CSI 154.91

rCSI 100%

PRS 2.34
hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037

CSI 148.19

rCSI 98.49%

PRS 1.91
CD16-positive, CD56-dim natural killer cell, human CL0000939

CSI 146.26

rCSI 97.48%

PRS 4.56
central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000907

CSI 146.05

rCSI 98.39%

PRS 1.94
CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000897

CSI 145.73

rCSI 100%

PRS 2.19
double negative thymocyte CL0002489

CSI 145.31

rCSI 100%

PRS 1.87
naive thymus-derived CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000900

CSI 144.63

rCSI 100%

PRS 4.91
plasmacytoid dendritic cell, human CL0001058

CSI 144.22

rCSI 100%

PRS 1.69
melanocyte CL0000148

CSI 138.85

rCSI 100%

PRS 1.53
effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001050

CSI 136.33

rCSI 100%

PRS 2.13
immature B cell CL0000816

CSI 134.6

rCSI 100%

PRS 2.4
plasmablast CL0000980

CSI 134.59

rCSI 100%

PRS 1.91
CD16-negative, CD56-bright natural killer cell, human CL0000938

CSI 132.57

rCSI 99.41%

PRS 4.85
T follicular helper cell CL0002038

CSI 129.95

rCSI 97.25%

PRS 2.64
group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071

CSI 129.48

rCSI 97.29%

PRS 1.65
mucosal invariant T cell CL0000940

CSI 129.12

rCSI 100%

PRS 4.22
neural crest cell CL0011012

CSI 128.27

rCSI 100%

PRS 1.11
mature T cell CL0002419

CSI 127.51

rCSI 99.18%

PRS 2.31
epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632

CSI 126.66

rCSI 98.19%

PRS 1.53
class switched memory B cell CL0000972

CSI 125.96

rCSI 94.03%

PRS 2.72
T-helper 17 cell CL0000899

CSI 125.94

rCSI 100%

PRS 2.86
pro-B cell CL0000826

CSI 124.44

rCSI 100%

PRS 1.61
epithelial cell of lung CL0000082

CSI 123.89

rCSI 100%

PRS 1.5
CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396

CSI 123.75

rCSI 95.34%

PRS 1.45
common myeloid progenitor CL0000049

CSI 123.14

rCSI 99.57%

PRS 1.57
naive B cell CL0000788

CSI 120.62

rCSI 100%

PRS 5.23
bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093

CSI 120

rCSI 97.5%

PRS 1.68
CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000810

CSI 119.17

rCSI 95.46%

PRS 3.01
precursor B cell CL0000817

CSI 118.08

rCSI 100%

PRS 2.17
keratinocyte CL0000312

CSI 118

rCSI 98.92%

PRS 1.93
mature B cell CL0000785

CSI 117.65

rCSI 100%

PRS 1.97
CD4-positive helper T cell CL0000492

CSI 117.06

rCSI 88.55%

PRS 2.25
intestine goblet cell CL0019031

CSI 116.87

rCSI 100%

PRS 1.61
skin fibroblast CL0002620

CSI 116

rCSI 100%

PRS 2.69
effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000913

CSI 113.9

rCSI 100%

PRS 2.51
granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557

CSI 113.73

rCSI 98.47%

PRS 1.8
early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936

CSI 113.5

rCSI 99.69%

PRS 1.79
unswitched memory B cell CL0000970

CSI 112.47

rCSI 94.62%

PRS 2.71
activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000896

CSI 110.8

rCSI 100%

PRS 2.95
megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050

CSI 108.11

rCSI 97.63%

PRS 1.41
goblet cell CL0000160

CSI 107.61

rCSI 100%

PRS 1.68
hematopoietic precursor cell CL0008001

CSI 105.96

rCSI 100%

PRS 2.55
CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000792

CSI 105.24

rCSI 100%

PRS 2.57
CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000909

CSI 105

rCSI 100%

PRS 5.19
elicited macrophage CL0000861

CSI 104.83

rCSI 96.25%

PRS 1.83
double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000809

CSI 101.42

rCSI 100%

PRS 2.34
ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067

CSI 100.89

rCSI 88.72%

PRS 1.17
activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000906

CSI 99.71

rCSI 98.01%

PRS 4.81
memory B cell CL0000787

CSI 99.07

rCSI 97.83%

PRS 7.13
fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006

CSI 98.99

rCSI 95.29%

PRS 1.68
alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004

CSI 97.97

rCSI 100%

PRS 1.89
respiratory basal cell CL0002633

CSI 97.29

rCSI 100%

PRS 1.88
IgA plasma cell CL0000987

CSI 95.39

rCSI 97.65%

PRS 3.04
CD14-positive monocyte CL0001054

CSI 91.78

rCSI 100%

PRS 2.38
gamma-delta T cell CL0000798

CSI 89.4

rCSI 100%

PRS 16.36
small pre-B-II cell CL0000954

CSI 89.13

rCSI 85.71%

PRS 3.52
intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563

CSI 88.8

rCSI 92.82%

PRS 1.73
fibroblast of lung CL0002553

CSI 86.69

rCSI 80.68%

PRS 1.6
neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338

CSI 86.59

rCSI 100%

PRS 1.51
CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000624

CSI 85.98

rCSI 100%

PRS 35.06
mature NK T cell CL0000814

CSI 84.98

rCSI 100%

PRS 7.48
activated type II NK T cell CL0000931

CSI 84.92

rCSI 95.58%

PRS 2.71
secretory cell CL0000151

CSI 84.02

rCSI 87.67%

PRS 1.64
CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell CL0002399

CSI 83.69

rCSI 100%

PRS 1.84
fraction A pre-pro B cell CL0002045

CSI 83.63

rCSI 95.74%

PRS 3.35
transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011

CSI 82.68

rCSI 97.1%

PRS 1.96
naive thymus-derived CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000895

CSI 81.99

rCSI 100%

PRS 8.87
pancreatic D cell CL0000173

CSI 81.8

rCSI 80.46%

PRS 1.78
M cell of gut CL0000682

CSI 81.13

rCSI 86.21%

PRS 2.93
pancreatic A cell CL0000171

CSI 79.91

rCSI 83.72%

PRS 1.73
conventional dendritic cell CL0000990

CSI 78.26

rCSI 65.33%

PRS 5.4
respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048

CSI 77.86

rCSI 99.85%

PRS 1.86
CD4-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000934

CSI 77.77

rCSI 100%

PRS 3.46
enteroendocrine cell CL0000164

CSI 77.48

rCSI 100%

PRS 1.78
extravillous trophoblast CL0008036

CSI 76.46

rCSI 94.58%

PRS 1.42
common dendritic progenitor CL0001029

CSI 76.34

rCSI 95.81%

PRS 2.04
neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031

CSI 76.19

rCSI 97.78%

PRS 1.62
interstitial cell of Cajal CL0002088

CSI 75.41

rCSI 95.99%

PRS 1.88
pulmonary ionocyte CL0017000

CSI 75.35

rCSI 91.72%

PRS 2.04
effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000905

CSI 75.02

rCSI 100%

PRS 4.03
B cell CL0000236

CSI 74.49

rCSI 99.66%

PRS 9.89
lung ciliated cell CL1000271

CSI 73.35

rCSI 84.82%

PRS 1.16
common lymphoid progenitor CL0000051

CSI 73.09

rCSI 97.67%

PRS 3.08
alternatively activated macrophage CL0000890

CSI 71.87

rCSI 90.36%

PRS 2.47
epithelial cell CL0000066

CSI 71.83

rCSI 100%

PRS 2.34
pulmonary artery endothelial cell CL1001568

CSI 71.83

rCSI 97.74%

PRS 2.46
radial glial cell CL0000681

CSI 71.75

rCSI 99.68%

PRS 1.73
perivascular cell CL4033054

CSI 70.98

rCSI 97.03%

PRS 1.84
colon epithelial cell CL0011108

CSI 70.97

rCSI 74.34%

PRS 1.5
myofibroblast cell CL0000186

CSI 70.5

rCSI 97.64%

PRS 2.32
promyelocyte CL0000836

CSI 70.01

rCSI 100%

PRS 2.23
plasma cell CL0000786

CSI 70.01

rCSI 91.75%

PRS 8.72
myeloid dendritic cell CL0000782

CSI 69.03

rCSI 100%

PRS 2.36
myeloid leukocyte CL0000766

CSI 68.53

rCSI 63.23%

PRS 1.63
endothelial cell of artery CL1000413

CSI 67.92

rCSI 99.52%

PRS 9.93
peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032

CSI 67.54

rCSI 92.03%

PRS 1.47
classical monocyte CL0000860

CSI 67.46

rCSI 100%

PRS 19.22
intermediate monocyte CL0002393

CSI 67.15

rCSI 100%

PRS 1.57
glioblast CL0000030

CSI 67.08

rCSI 100%

PRS 1.42

VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016

CSI -45.3

rCSI -54.1%

PRS 1.1%
pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018

CSI -38.0

rCSI -47.3%

PRS 1.0%
adipocyte CL0000136

CSI -37.7

rCSI -48.4%

PRS 2.1%
sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017

CSI -36.5

rCSI -47.0%

PRS 1.1%
vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051

CSI -35.5

rCSI -62.3%

PRS 1.3%
cerebral cortex neuron CL0010012

CSI -29.7

rCSI -100.0%

PRS 2.3%
lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011

CSI -27.0

rCSI -45.3%

PRS 1.1%
astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605

CSI -26.8

rCSI -60.1%

PRS 1.1%
sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015

CSI -24.8

rCSI -40.0%

PRS 1.2%
caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064

CSI -24.6

rCSI -43.4%

PRS 1.0%
L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038

CSI -21.4

rCSI -66.8%

PRS 1.1%
L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040

CSI -21.2

rCSI -51.5%

PRS 1.0%
GABAergic neuron CL0000617

CSI -19.5

rCSI -65.3%

PRS 1.8%
mature astrocyte CL0002627

CSI -18.6

rCSI -79.2%

PRS 4.3%
chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036

CSI -18.1

rCSI -56.5%

PRS 1.3%
L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041

CSI -18.0

rCSI -64.9%

PRS 1.0%
rod bipolar cell CL0000751

CSI -17.7

rCSI -31.8%

PRS 1.4%
retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748

CSI -15.8

rCSI -29.6%

PRS 1.3%
endocrine cell CL0000163

CSI -13.8

rCSI -70.7%

PRS 7.6%
kidney collecting duct principal cell CL1001431

CSI -13.5

rCSI -68.0%

PRS 11.4%
neural cell CL0002319

CSI -13.4

rCSI -50.4%

PRS 3.8%
mature microglial cell CL0002629

CSI -13.3

rCSI -55.2%

PRS 5.7%
inhibitory interneuron CL0000498

CSI -13.2

rCSI -30.5%

PRS 1.6%
cardiac neuron CL0010022

CSI -13.2

rCSI -42.1%

PRS 1.2%
cerebellar granule cell CL0001031

CSI -13.1

rCSI -19.3%

PRS 1.8%
erythroid lineage cell CL0000764

CSI -12.9

rCSI -83.0%

PRS 4.6%
kidney collecting duct intercalated cell CL1001432

CSI -12.6

rCSI -89.6%

PRS 7.5%
near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012

CSI -12.5

rCSI -47.1%

PRS 1.1%
OFFx cell CL4033036

CSI -12.2

rCSI -57.6%

PRS 4.9%
invaginating midget bipolar cell CL4033034

CSI -9.7

rCSI -57.1%

PRS 4.2%
epicardial adipocyte CL1000309

CSI -9.4

rCSI -30.6%

PRS 3.0%
differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor CL4023059

CSI -9.3

rCSI -16.9%

PRS 1.9%
central nervous system neuron CL2000029

CSI -9.3

rCSI -68.2%

PRS 0.8%
glutamatergic neuron CL0000679

CSI -8.9

rCSI -18.3%

PRS 2.0%
primordial germ cell CL0000670

CSI -8.6

rCSI -43.1%

PRS 13.0%
renal interstitial pericyte CL1001318

CSI -8.4

rCSI -23.2%

PRS 1.8%
corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013

CSI -8.4

rCSI -49.5%

PRS 1.3%
exhausted T cell CL0011025

CSI -8.3

rCSI -100.0%

PRS 9.3%
L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030067

CSI -8.3

rCSI -27.1%

PRS 0.9%
cell of skeletal muscle CL0000188

CSI -8.0

rCSI -86.7%

PRS 11.4%
cord blood hematopoietic stem cell CL2000095

CSI -7.1

rCSI -100.0%

PRS 13.9%
diffuse bipolar 6 cell CL4033032

CSI -7.0

rCSI -36.7%

PRS 5.2%
diffuse bipolar 2 cell CL4033028

CSI -5.7

rCSI -44.3%

PRS 4.8%
flat midget bipolar cell CL4033033

CSI -5.0

rCSI -36.0%

PRS 4.3%
starburst amacrine cell CL0004232

CSI -5.0

rCSI -42.3%

PRS 4.6%
diffuse bipolar 3b cell CL4033030

CSI -4.5

rCSI -30.0%

PRS 4.4%
glycinergic amacrine cell CL4030028

CSI -4.4

rCSI -11.4%

PRS 2.6%
H1 horizontal cell CL0004217

CSI -4.0

rCSI -15.9%

PRS 4.7%
kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage CL1000695

CSI -3.5

rCSI -9.0%

PRS 2.0%
fast muscle cell CL0000190

CSI -3.0

rCSI -11.7%

PRS 10.0%
H2 horizontal cell CL0004218

CSI -2.8

rCSI -13.9%

PRS 3.4%
diffuse bipolar 3a cell CL4033029

CSI -2.7

rCSI -18.4%

PRS 4.2%
cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602

CSI -2.2

rCSI -3.8%

PRS 1.2%
indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029

CSI -2.0

rCSI -47.5%

PRS 1.3%
L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030063

CSI -1.9

rCSI -4.4%

PRS 1.0%
ON parasol ganglion cell CL4033052

CSI -1.7

rCSI -24.2%

PRS 1.6%
GABAergic amacrine cell CL4030027

CSI -0.9

rCSI -2.9%

PRS 2.4%
ON midget ganglion cell CL4033046

CSI -0.6

rCSI -12.8%

PRS 2.1%
professional antigen presenting cell CL0000145

CSI -0.6

rCSI -2.0%

PRS 7.4%
renal intercalated cell CL0005010

CSI 0.3

rCSI 2.8%

PRS 15.8%
OFF midget ganglion cell CL4033047

CSI 0.5

rCSI 9.1%

PRS 2.3%
kidney resident macrophage CL1000698

CSI 0.8

rCSI 15.1%

PRS 42.0%
immature innate lymphoid cell CL0001082

CSI 0.8

rCSI 24.1%

PRS 30.2%
cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008

CSI 0.8

rCSI 3.1%

PRS 2.0%
mesangial cell CL0000650

CSI 0.8

rCSI 3.3%

PRS 3.6%
cardiac blood vessel endothelial cell CL0010006

CSI 1.9

rCSI 13.6%

PRS 5.6%
platelet CL0000233

CSI 2.1

rCSI 8.6%

PRS 5.1%
tracheobronchial goblet cell CL0019003

CSI 2.1

rCSI 34.5%

PRS 40.5%
kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001106

CSI 2.6

rCSI 22.0%

PRS 4.6%
Bergmann glial cell CL0000644

CSI 2.6

rCSI 3.5%

PRS 1.8%
periportal region hepatocyte CL0019026

CSI 2.7

rCSI 10.4%

PRS 2.8%
Purkinje cell CL0000121

CSI 2.7

rCSI 35.7%

PRS 16.9%
amacrine cell CL0000561

CSI 2.8

rCSI 8.0%

PRS 1.5%
slow muscle cell CL0000189

CSI 2.9

rCSI 39.1%

PRS 22.3%
endocardial cell CL0002350

CSI 2.9

rCSI 14.1%

PRS 2.9%
Merkel cell CL0000242

CSI 3.0

rCSI 69.9%

PRS 12.0%
kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell CL1000849

CSI 3.1

rCSI 33.0%

PRS 2.9%
hepatic pit cell CL2000054

CSI 3.2

rCSI 43.3%

PRS 21.2%
NKp44-negative group 3 innate lymphoid cell, human CL0001080

CSI 3.2

rCSI 99.0%

PRS 23.3%
neuron CL0000540

CSI 3.2

rCSI 8.6%

PRS 2.5%
pluripotent stem cell CL0002248

CSI 3.2

rCSI 96.6%

PRS 4.1%
kidney loop of Henle epithelial cell CL1000909

CSI 3.3

rCSI 68.4%

PRS 15.8%
group 3 innate lymphoid cell, human CL0001078

CSI 3.5

rCSI 73.9%

PRS 32.7%
odontoblast CL0000060

CSI 3.6

rCSI 80.4%

PRS 9.8%
mesenchymal lymphangioblast CL0005021

CSI 3.7

rCSI 96.1%

PRS 9.4%
osteoblast CL0000062

CSI 3.7

rCSI 92.7%

PRS 16.0%
epithelial cell of urethra CL1000296

CSI 3.9

rCSI 97.2%

PRS 5.8%
B-1 B cell CL0000819

CSI 3.9

rCSI 99.6%

PRS 10.2%
forebrain neuroblast CL1000042

CSI 4.1

rCSI 43.8%

PRS 24.8%
prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell CL2000059

CSI 4.1

rCSI 97.3%

PRS 6.2%
regular atrial cardiac myocyte CL0002129

CSI 4.2

rCSI 13.4%

PRS 2.1%
kidney connecting tubule principal cell CL4030018

CSI 4.4

rCSI 32.2%

PRS 25.0%
lung microvascular endothelial cell CL2000016

CSI 4.5

rCSI 87.6%

PRS 5.9%
serous secreting cell CL0000313

CSI 4.5

rCSI 23.0%

PRS 8.6%
B-2 B cell CL0000822

CSI 4.6

rCSI 98.4%

PRS 10.7%
cholangiocyte CL1000488

CSI 4.8

rCSI 28.7%

PRS 3.9%
double negative T regulatory cell CL0011024

CSI 5.0

rCSI 95.8%

PRS 14.8%
cone retinal bipolar cell CL0000752

CSI 5.2

rCSI 67.6%

PRS 11.6%
cardiac muscle cell CL0000746

CSI 5.2

rCSI 7.5%

PRS 1.4%
lung goblet cell CL1000143

CSI 5.2

rCSI 58.4%

PRS 5.3%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Context Genes (max 20):

Interaction Source:

Pathway Categories (for ONTOLOGY source):

Baseline Cell Type:

Baseline Cell Context(s): Comma-separated if multiple.

Target Cell Type:

Target Cell Context(s): Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:

Query Gene
Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
- Very High
- High
- Medium
- Low
- Very Low
- CSI N/A
Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
STRING PPI Edge
Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

Description
Proteins

## Summary [RPL28](/details-gene/6158) encodes Ribosomal Protein L28, a structural component of the 60S large ribosomal subunit. As an integral part of the cell's protein synthesis machinery, it plays a fundamental role in the process of translation. Consistent with this core housekeeping function, expression data indicates that [RPL28](/details-gene/6158) is highly significant in metabolically active and proliferative cell types. **Overall**, it shows particularly high expression significance in a wide range of immune cells, including [central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cells](/details-cell/CL0000904) and [naive T cells](/details-cell/CL0000898), as well as in [hematopoietic stem cells](/details-cell/CL0000037). This expression pattern suggests its critical importance for processes requiring rapid and large-scale protein synthesis, such as immune cell activation, differentiation, and hematopoietic lineage commitment. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [RPL28](/details-gene/6158) highlights its essential role in highly dynamic cell populations, particularly within the hematopoietic and immune systems. The gene's highest significance scores are observed in multiple lymphocyte subsets, including [central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cells](/details-cell/CL0000904), [naive T cells](/details-cell/CL0000898), [central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cells](/details-cell/CL0000907), and [natural killer cells](/details-cell/CL0000939). Its high significance in progenitor populations like [hematopoietic stem cells](/details-cell/CL0000037) and developing thymocytes, such as [double negative thymocytes](/details-cell/CL0002489), underscores the necessity of robust protein synthesis for cell division and differentiation. The presence of [plasmablasts](/details-cell/CL0000980) and [immature B cells](/details-cell/CL0000816) among the top cell types further reinforces its importance for the development and function of antibody-producing lineages. In stark contrast, [RPL28](/details-gene/6158) shows significantly low expression in terminally differentiated and metabolically specialized cells. The bottom-expressed list is dominated by various neuronal subtypes, such as [VIP GABAergic cortical interneurons](/details-cell/CL4023016) and [cerebral cortex neurons](/details-cell/CL0010012), as well as glial cells like [astrocytes of the cerebral cortex](/details-cell/CL0002605). Its low significance in [adipocytes](/details-cell/CL0000136) further suggests a primary role in cellular proliferation and complex effector functions rather than in energy storage. This strong dichotomy defines [RPL28](/details-gene/6158) as a key component for building and maintaining the cellular machinery of the immune system, while being less critical on a relative basis for the specialized functions of the central nervous system. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The functional annotations for [RPL28](/details-gene/6158) confirm its identity as a core component of the translational apparatus. Gene Ontology (GO) terms classify it as a '[structural constituent of ribosome](/details-gene/6158)' ([GO:0003735](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0003735)), localizing it to the '[cytosolic large ribosomal subunit](/details-gene/6158)' ([GO:0022625](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0022625)) where it participates in '[cytoplasmic translation](/details-gene/6158)' ([GO:0002181](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0002181)). Its molecular functions include both '[RNA binding](/details-gene/6158)' ([GO:0003723](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0003723)) and '[protein binding](/details-gene/6158)' ([GO:0005515](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005515)), activities essential for the assembly and catalytic function of the ribosome. The Reactome database provides a comprehensive view of its involvement in all major stages of protein synthesis, including '[Eukaryotic translation initiation](/details-gene/6158)' ([R-HSA-72613](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-72613)), '[Peptide chain elongation](/details-gene/6158)' ([R-HSA-156902](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-156902)), and '[Eukaryotic translation termination](/details-gene/6158)' ([R-HSA-72764](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-72764)). The pathway data also connects [RPL28](/details-gene/6158) to broader cellular processes that rely heavily on translation, such as '[Cellular responses to stress](/details-gene/6158)' ([R-HSA-2262752](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-2262752)) and '[Infectious disease](/details-gene/6158)' ([R-HSA-5663205](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-5663205)), where rapid synthesis of new proteins is paramount. This functional profile is highly consistent with its observed expression pattern in immune cells, which must rapidly produce cytokines, antibodies, and other effector proteins upon activation. ## Research Directions Given that [RPL28](/details-gene/6158) is a fundamental component of cellular translation, its dysregulation could have profound impacts on diseases characterized by altered protein synthesis, such as cancer or certain ribosomopathies. Its high significance in hematopoietic and immune cells suggests that even subtle changes in its expression or function could alter immune homeostasis and response. Based on the available data, several testable hypotheses can be proposed: 1. Perturbations in [RPL28](/details-gene/6158) expression levels in [hematopoietic stem cells](/details-cell/CL0000037) may skew lineage commitment, potentially favoring lymphoid over myeloid differentiation (or vice versa) due to differential translational demands during cell fate decisions. 2. During viral infections, viruses may co-opt or modulate [RPL28](/details-gene/6158) function to prioritize the translation of viral mRNAs over host mRNAs, a mechanism suggested by its annotation in '[Viral mRNA translation](/details-gene/6158)' ([R-HSA-192823](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-192823)). 3. In cancers originating from the hematopoietic system (e.g., leukemias and lymphomas), upregulation of [RPL28](/details-gene/6158) may be a critical dependency that supports the high proliferative rate and protein secretion profile of malignant cells. A key experiment to test the first hypothesis would be to use a CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) system to achieve graded knockdown of [RPL28](/details-gene/6158) in primary human CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. These modified cells could then be cultured in differentiation-promoting conditions for lymphoid, myeloid, and erythroid lineages. The resulting cell populations could be analyzed by single-cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry to precisely quantify lineage skewing and identify specific developmental checkpoints that are sensitive to [RPL28](/details-gene/6158) dosage. From a therapeutic standpoint, [RPL28](/details-gene/6158) itself is a poor direct target for inhibition due to its essential housekeeping role and ubiquitous expression, which would likely lead to high systemic toxicity. However, its expression level could serve as a valuable prognostic biomarker for proliferation in hematological malignancies. Furthermore, the pathways that regulate ribosome biogenesis, which control the expression of genes like [RPL28](/details-gene/6158), represent attractive therapeutic targets. Cancers that are highly dependent on protein synthesis may be uniquely vulnerable to inhibitors of ribosome assembly or function, making indirect targeting a more viable strategy.

Disclaimer: This in-silico analysis is generated by an AI language model and may contain inaccuracies or hallucinations. However, it is cross-referenced with curated gene expression data from major biological sources. Please verify the information before use.

60S ribosomal protein L28

Genular Protein ID: 4239235428

Symbol: RL28_HUMAN

Name: 60S ribosomal protein L28

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P46779 B2R4A6 B4DEP9 C9JB50 E9PB24 G5E9L2 Q6IAY0 Q96FX1 Q9BWQ0

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 7772601

Title: Cloning, sequencing and expression of the L5, L21, L27a, L28, S5, S9, S10 and S29 human ribosomal protein mRNAs.

PubMed ID: 7772601

DOI: 10.1016/0167-4781(95)00045-i

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15057824

Title: The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19.

PubMed ID: 15057824

DOI: 10.1038/nature02399

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 12962325

Title: Characterization and analysis of posttranslational modifications of the human large cytoplasmic ribosomal subunit proteins by mass spectrometry and Edman sequencing.

PubMed ID: 12962325

DOI: 10.1023/a:1025068419698

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22223895

Title: Comparative large-scale characterisation of plant vs. mammal proteins reveals similar and idiosyncratic N-alpha acetylation features.

PubMed ID: 22223895

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.015131

PubMed ID: 24524803

Title: A new system for naming ribosomal proteins.

PubMed ID: 24524803

DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2014.01.002

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 28112733

Title: Site-specific mapping of the human SUMO proteome reveals co-modification with phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 28112733

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.3366

PubMed ID: 23636399

Title: Structures of the human and Drosophila 80S ribosome.

PubMed ID: 23636399

DOI: 10.1038/nature12104

PubMed ID: 32669547

Title: Structural snapshots of human pre-60S ribosomal particles before and after nuclear export.

PubMed ID: 32669547

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17237-x

Sequence Information:

Length: 137
Mass: 15748
Checksum: 44DCDE45473D7C7B
Sequence:

MSAHLQWMVV RNCSSFLIKR NKQTYSTEPN NLKARNSFRY NGLIHRKTVG VEPAADGKGV 
VVVIKRRSGQ RKPATSYVRT TINKNARATL SSIRHMIRKN KYRPDLRMAA IRRASAILRS 
QKPVMVKRKR TRPTKSS

	Overall overall
	Acute kidney failure MONDO0002492
	Alzheimer disease MONDO0004975
	Ascending colon UBERON0001156
	\|— Ascending colon Healthy UBERON0001156_PATO0000461
	Atherosclerosis MONDO0005311
	Basal cell carcinoma MONDO0020804
	Bipolar I disorder MONDO0001866
	Blood UBERON0000178
	\|— Blood COVID-19 UBERON0000178_MONDO0100096
	\|— Blood Cytomegalovirus infection UBERON0000178_MONDO0005132
	\|— Blood Healthy UBERON0000178_PATO0000461
	Body of stomach UBERON0001161
	Bone marrow UBERON0002371
	\|— Bone marrow Healthy UBERON0002371_PATO0000461
	Brain UBERON0000955
	\|— Brain Healthy UBERON0000955_PATO0000461
	Breast UBERON0000310
	\|— Breast Healthy UBERON0000310_PATO0000461
	\|— Breast cancer MONDO0007254
	Bronchus UBERON0002185
	Caecum UBERON0001153
	\|— Caecum Healthy UBERON0001153_PATO0000461
	Caudate lobe of liver UBERON0001117
	Cerebellum UBERON0002037
	\|— Cerebellum Healthy UBERON0002037_PATO0000461
	Cerebral cortex UBERON0000956
	\|— Cerebral cortex Healthy UBERON0000956_PATO0000461
	Cerebrospinal fluid UBERON0001359
	Choroid plexus UBERON0001886
	Chronic kidney disease MONDO0005300
	Colon UBERON0001155
	\|— Colon Healthy UBERON0001155_PATO0000461
	\|— Colonic epithelium UBERON0000397
	\|— Colonic epithelium Healthy UBERON0000397_PATO0000461
	Colorectal cancer MONDO0005575
	Colorectum UBERON0012652
	Cornea UBERON0000964
	\|— Cornea Healthy UBERON0000964_PATO0000461
	Cortex of kidney UBERON0001225
	\|— Cortex of kidney Healthy UBERON0001225_PATO0000461
	COVID-19 MONDO0100096
	Crohn disease MONDO0005011
	Cytomegalovirus infection MONDO0005132
	Dementia MONDO0001627
	Dental pulp UBERON0001754
	Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex UBERON0009834
	\|— Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Bipolar I disorder UBERON0009834_MONDO0001866
	\|— Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Dementia UBERON0009834_MONDO0001627
	\|— Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Healthy UBERON0009834_PATO0000461
	\|— Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Schizophrenia UBERON0009834_MONDO0005090
	\|— Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Vascular dementia UBERON0009834_MONDO0004648
	Duodenum UBERON0002114
	\|— Duodenum Healthy UBERON0002114_PATO0000461
	Entorhinal cortex UBERON0002728
	Fallopian tube UBERON0003889
	Fovea centralis UBERON0001786
	\|— Fovea centralis Healthy UBERON0001786_PATO0000461
	Glioblastoma MONDO0018177
	Healthy PATO0000461
	Heart left ventricle UBERON0002084
	\|— Heart left ventricle Healthy UBERON0002084_PATO0000461
	Heart right ventricle UBERON0002080
	\|— Heart right ventricle Healthy UBERON0002080_PATO0000461
	Hippocampal formation UBERON0002421
	\|— Hippocampal formation Healthy UBERON0002421_PATO0000461
	Hypothalamus UBERON0001898
	\|— Hypothalamus Healthy UBERON0001898_PATO0000461
	Ileal epithelium UBERON0008345
	Ileum UBERON0002116
	\|— Ileum Healthy UBERON0002116_PATO0000461
	\|— Ileum lamina propria UBERON8600035
	Interventricular septum UBERON0002094
	Islet of Langerhans UBERON0000006
	Isolated focal cortical dysplasia type II MONDO0011818
	Kidney UBERON0002113
	\|— Kidney Healthy UBERON0002113_PATO0000461
	Lamina propria of small intestine UBERON0001238
	Leukoencephalopathy, diffuse hereditary, with spheroids 1 MONDO0800027
	Liver UBERON0002107
	\|— Liver Breast cancer UBERON0002107_MONDO0007254
	\|— Liver Healthy UBERON0002107_PATO0000461
	Lung UBERON0002048
	\|— Lung Healthy UBERON0002048_PATO0000461
	\|— Lung Renal cell carcinoma UBERON0002048_MONDO0005086
	\|— Lung adenocarcinoma MONDO0005061
	\|— Lung parenchyma UBERON0008946
	Lymph node UBERON0000029
	\|— Lymph node Healthy UBERON0000029_PATO0000461
	\|— Lymph node Metastatic melanoma UBERON0000029_MONDO0005191
	Malignant ovarian serous tumor MONDO0024885
	Medial orbital frontal cortex UBERON0022352
	Mesenteric lymph node UBERON0002509
	\|— Mesenteric lymph node Healthy UBERON0002509_PATO0000461
	Metastatic melanoma MONDO0005191
	Midbrain UBERON0001891
	\|— Midbrain Healthy UBERON0001891_PATO0000461
	Middle lobe of right lung UBERON0002174
	Nasopharynx UBERON0001728
	Neocortex UBERON0001950
	\|— Neocortex Healthy UBERON0001950_PATO0000461
	Neuroblastoma MONDO0005072
	Nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma MONDO0007763
	Ovary UBERON0000992
	\|— Ovary Healthy UBERON0000992_PATO0000461
	Parkinson disease MONDO0005180
	Peripheral region of retina UBERON0013682
	\|— Peripheral region of retina Healthy UBERON0013682_PATO0000461
	Placenta UBERON0001987
	\|— Placenta Healthy UBERON0001987_PATO0000461
	Pleural effusion UBERON0000175
	Pons UBERON0000988
	\|— Pons Healthy UBERON0000988_PATO0000461
	Prefrontal cortex UBERON0000451
	Primary motor cortex UBERON0001384
	Prostate gland UBERON0002367
	Rectum UBERON0001052
	Renal cell carcinoma MONDO0005086
	Renal medulla UBERON0000362
	\|— Renal medulla Healthy UBERON0000362_PATO0000461
	Respiratory airway UBERON0001005
	\|— Respiratory airway COVID-19 UBERON0001005_MONDO0100096
	Retina UBERON0000966
	\|— Retina Healthy UBERON0000966_PATO0000461
	Right atrium auricular region UBERON0006631
	Right cardiac atrium UBERON0002078
	\|— Right cardiac atrium Healthy UBERON0002078_PATO0000461
	Schizophrenia MONDO0005090
	Sigmoid colon UBERON0001159
	\|— Sigmoid colon Healthy UBERON0001159_PATO0000461
	Skin of body UBERON0002097
	\|— Skin of body Healthy UBERON0002097_PATO0000461
	Small intestine UBERON0002108
	\|— Small intestine Healthy UBERON0002108_PATO0000461
	Spleen UBERON0002106
	\|— Spleen Healthy UBERON0002106_PATO0000461
	Stomach UBERON0000945
	\|— Stomach Healthy UBERON0000945_PATO0000461
	Substantia nigra pars compacta UBERON0001965
	Telencephalon UBERON0001893
	\|— Telencephalon Healthy UBERON0001893_PATO0000461
	Thalamic complex UBERON0010225
	\|— Thalamic complex Healthy UBERON0010225_PATO0000461
	Thymus UBERON0002370
	\|— Thymus Healthy UBERON0002370_PATO0000461
	Trachea UBERON0003126
	Transverse colon UBERON0001157
	\|— Transverse colon Healthy UBERON0001157_PATO0000461
	UBERON0005290 UBERON0005290
	\|— UBERON0005290 Healthy UBERON0005290_PATO0000461
	UBERON8440012 UBERON8440012
	\|— UBERON8440012 Healthy UBERON8440012_PATO0000461
	Upper lobe of left lung UBERON0008952
	Vascular dementia MONDO0004648

Details for: RPL28

Cell Significance Landscape

Associated with

Significant Cells

Network Configuration

Legend:

Other Information

Cloning, sequencing and expression of the L5, L21, L27a, L28, S5, S9, S10 and S29 human ribosomal protein mRNAs. PubMed ID: 7772601

Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. PubMed ID: 14702039

The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19. PubMed ID: 15057824

The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). PubMed ID: 15489334

Characterization and analysis of posttranslational modifications of the human large cytoplasmic ribosomal subunit proteins by mass spectrometry and Edman sequencing. PubMed ID: 12962325

Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. PubMed ID: 19413330

Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis. PubMed ID: 20068231

Initial characterization of the human central proteome. PubMed ID: 21269460

Comparative large-scale characterisation of plant vs. mammal proteins reveals similar and idiosyncratic N-alpha acetylation features. PubMed ID: 22223895

A new system for naming ribosomal proteins. PubMed ID: 24524803

N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome. PubMed ID: 25944712

Site-specific mapping of the human SUMO proteome reveals co-modification with phosphorylation. PubMed ID: 28112733

Structures of the human and Drosophila 80S ribosome. PubMed ID: 23636399

Structural snapshots of human pre-60S ribosomal particles before and after nuclear export. PubMed ID: 32669547