Details for: STK4

Gene ID: 6789

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: STK4

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000101109

Description: serine/threonine kinase 4

Cell Significance Landscape

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000907
    CSI 73.6
    rCSI 49.58%
    PRS 52.46
  • CD4-positive helper T cell CL0000492
    CSI 59.63
    rCSI 45.11%
    PRS 54.55
  • CD16-positive, CD56-dim natural killer cell, human CL0000939
    CSI 51.82
    rCSI 34.54%
    PRS 68.31
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 35.6
    rCSI 27.43%
    PRS 41.2
  • mature T cell CL0002419
    CSI 35.25
    rCSI 27.42%
    PRS 59.17
  • naive thymus-derived CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000895
    CSI 32.09
    rCSI 40.33%
    PRS 80.53
  • CD8-positive, CD28-negative, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000920
    CSI 31.65
    rCSI 63.09%
    PRS 60.24
  • myeloid dendritic cell CL0000782
    CSI 30.83
    rCSI 44.67%
    PRS 58.44
  • central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000904
    CSI 26.9
    rCSI 15.88%
    PRS 57.23
  • naive thymus-derived CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000900
    CSI 26.66
    rCSI 18.72%
    PRS 65.49
  • CD16-negative, CD56-bright natural killer cell, human CL0000938
    CSI 26.52
    rCSI 19.89%
    PRS 75.05
  • T-helper 17 cell CL0000899
    CSI 23.27
    rCSI 18.48%
    PRS 64.46
  • T-helper 1 cell CL0000545
    CSI 20.98
    rCSI 37.86%
    PRS 69.41
  • mature NK T cell CL0000814
    CSI 19.95
    rCSI 25.51%
    PRS 75.08
  • memory B cell CL0000787
    CSI 19.36
    rCSI 19.12%
    PRS 76.84
  • T follicular helper cell CL0002038
    CSI 19.27
    rCSI 14.42%
    PRS 57.22
  • double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000809
    CSI 19
    rCSI 19.37%
    PRS 55.55
  • transitional stage B cell CL0000818
    CSI 18.93
    rCSI 61.97%
    PRS 74.78
  • naive B cell CL0000788
    CSI 17.97
    rCSI 15.41%
    PRS 51.94
  • basophil CL0000767
    CSI 17.2
    rCSI 36.38%
    PRS 63.81
  • activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000896
    CSI 16.14
    rCSI 14.92%
    PRS 62.71
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive CL0001203
    CSI 16.12
    rCSI 19.54%
    PRS 38.99
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 15.53
    rCSI 13.79%
    PRS 41.73
  • gamma-delta T cell CL0000798
    CSI 15.52
    rCSI 18.23%
    PRS 82.8
  • mature B cell CL0000785
    CSI 14.78
    rCSI 12.85%
    PRS 51.55
  • effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000905
    CSI 13.91
    rCSI 18.95%
    PRS 70.26
  • immature B cell CL0000816
    CSI 13.67
    rCSI 10.15%
    PRS 55.52
  • regulatory T cell CL0000815
    CSI 13.5
    rCSI 15.65%
    PRS 64.75
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 13.04
    rCSI 29.24%
    PRS 28.57
  • class switched memory B cell CL0000972
    CSI 12.89
    rCSI 9.62%
    PRS 61.02
  • double negative thymocyte CL0002489
    CSI 12.65
    rCSI 8.8%
    PRS 50.85
  • Langerhans cell CL0000453
    CSI 11.8
    rCSI 18.02%
    PRS 59.76
  • acinar cell CL0000622
    CSI 11.65
    rCSI 17.08%
    PRS 53.39
  • B cell CL0000236
    CSI 11.47
    rCSI 15.35%
    PRS 72.88
  • CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000792
    CSI 11.31
    rCSI 11.11%
    PRS 57.71
  • plasma cell CL0000786
    CSI 11.08
    rCSI 14.53%
    PRS 79.23
  • hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037
    CSI 10.92
    rCSI 7.26%
    PRS 46.53
  • alpha-beta T cell CL0000789
    CSI 10.9
    rCSI 12.77%
    PRS 57.84
  • activated type II NK T cell CL0000931
    CSI 10.71
    rCSI 12.06%
    PRS 58.49
  • plasmablast CL0000980
    CSI 10.65
    rCSI 8.38%
    PRS 48.91
  • enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504
    CSI 10.64
    rCSI 15.19%
    PRS 45.2
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 10.53
    rCSI 16.17%
    PRS 49.29
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 10.49
    rCSI 10.1%
    PRS 43.06
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000909
    CSI 10.45
    rCSI 10.92%
    PRS 72.77
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 10.3
    rCSI 15.54%
    PRS 44.37
  • ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002145
    CSI 10.25
    rCSI 23.36%
    PRS 41.21
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 10.09
    rCSI 25.59%
    PRS 33.73
  • ciliated cell CL0000064
    CSI 9.98
    rCSI 16.17%
    PRS 41.18
  • mucosal invariant T cell CL0000940
    CSI 9.91
    rCSI 8.01%
    PRS 53.65
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 9.81
    rCSI 8.13%
    PRS 43.52
  • T cell CL0000084
    CSI 9.76
    rCSI 19.09%
    PRS 87.42
  • melanocyte CL0000148
    CSI 9.63
    rCSI 7.13%
    PRS 36.71
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 9.57
    rCSI 8.9%
    PRS 42.45
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 9.15
    rCSI 9.13%
    PRS 37.07
  • conventional dendritic cell CL0000990
    CSI 9.08
    rCSI 7.58%
    PRS 63.88
  • activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000906
    CSI 8.69
    rCSI 8.54%
    PRS 70.17
  • helper T cell CL0000912
    CSI 8.45
    rCSI 11.94%
    PRS 51.57
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000810
    CSI 8.44
    rCSI 6.76%
    PRS 63.93
  • non-classical monocyte CL0000875
    CSI 8.35
    rCSI 13.38%
    PRS 71.27
  • naive T cell CL0000898
    CSI 8.33
    rCSI 5.8%
    PRS 55.32
  • pulmonary artery endothelial cell CL1001568
    CSI 8.23
    rCSI 11.2%
    PRS 55.34
  • ependymal cell CL0000065
    CSI 8.23
    rCSI 16.7%
    PRS 26.27
  • dendritic cell CL0000451
    CSI 7.99
    rCSI 9.84%
    PRS 67.11
  • CD14-positive monocyte CL0001054
    CSI 7.85
    rCSI 9.78%
    PRS 53.74
  • activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, human CL0001049
    CSI 7.27
    rCSI 12.44%
    PRS 63.4
  • neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031
    CSI 7.23
    rCSI 9.28%
    PRS 40.64
  • Mueller cell CL0000636
    CSI 7.11
    rCSI 16.24%
    PRS 36.55
  • unswitched memory B cell CL0000970
    CSI 6.99
    rCSI 5.88%
    PRS 59.78
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000794
    CSI 6.99
    rCSI 8.34%
    PRS 62.88
  • intraepithelial lymphocyte CL0002496
    CSI 6.92
    rCSI 18.84%
    PRS 80.55
  • elicited macrophage CL0000861
    CSI 6.76
    rCSI 6.21%
    PRS 49.65
  • mature alpha-beta T cell CL0000791
    CSI 6.72
    rCSI 24.33%
    PRS 61.67
  • natural T-regulatory cell CL0000903
    CSI 6.62
    rCSI 12.54%
    PRS 76.41
  • common dendritic progenitor CL0001029
    CSI 6.5
    rCSI 8.16%
    PRS 52.08
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 6.46
    rCSI 6.74%
    PRS 43.19
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 6.43
    rCSI 5.64%
    PRS 47.42
  • renal beta-intercalated cell CL0002201
    CSI 6.42
    rCSI 15.31%
    PRS 44.93
  • IgG plasma cell CL0000985
    CSI 6.28
    rCSI 7.53%
    PRS 61.72
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 6.27
    rCSI 5.66%
    PRS 39.3
  • parietal epithelial cell CL1000452
    CSI 6.24
    rCSI 16.68%
    PRS 36.07
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 6.21
    rCSI 5.98%
    PRS 33.71
  • fibroblast of cardiac tissue CL0002548
    CSI 6.17
    rCSI 29.56%
    PRS 41.18
  • mononuclear phagocyte CL0000113
    CSI 6.17
    rCSI 13.59%
    PRS 46.38
  • kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage CL1000695
    CSI 6.12
    rCSI 15.95%
    PRS 41.72
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000897
    CSI 6.11
    rCSI 4.39%
    PRS 55.14
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 6.04
    rCSI 10.45%
    PRS 33.83
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 5.99
    rCSI 14.57%
    PRS 27.11
  • effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001050
    CSI 5.82
    rCSI 4.43%
    PRS 53.65
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 5.75
    rCSI 21.54%
    PRS 36.21
  • monocyte CL0000576
    CSI 5.65
    rCSI 10.21%
    PRS 65.05
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 5.58
    rCSI 5.14%
    PRS 43.47
  • precursor B cell CL0000817
    CSI 5.57
    rCSI 4.88%
    PRS 52.17
  • goblet cell CL0000160
    CSI 5.53
    rCSI 5.22%
    PRS 43.56
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI 5.47
    rCSI 4.11%
    PRS 45.79
  • Kupffer cell CL0000091
    CSI 5.39
    rCSI 12.34%
    PRS 41.95
  • group 2 innate lymphoid cell CL0001069
    CSI 5.38
    rCSI 29.09%
    PRS 78.14
  • midzonal region hepatocyte CL0019028
    CSI 5.31
    rCSI 12.45%
    PRS 51.83
  • squamous epithelial cell CL0000076
    CSI 5.21
    rCSI 12.37%
    PRS 48.33
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 5.2
    rCSI 11.49%
    PRS 31.69
  • Schwann cell CL0002573
    CSI 5.15
    rCSI 14.63%
    PRS 42.76
  • medium spiny neuron CL1001474
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.7%
    PRS 30.9%
  • hepatic pit cell CL2000054
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 5.3%
    PRS 81.2%
  • cytotoxic T cell CL0000910
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 54.8%
  • amacrine cell CL0000561
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 34.7%
  • erythroid progenitor cell CL0000038
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 53.3%
  • lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000838
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 62.9%
  • lung resident memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL4033038
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 6.5%
    PRS 83.2%
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 40.5%
  • suprabasal keratinocyte CL4033013
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 22.7%
  • type EC enteroendocrine cell CL0000577
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 55.6%
  • L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030067
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 32.1%
  • intestinal tuft cell CL0019032
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 47.1%
  • activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell, human CL0001043
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 85.0%
  • erythroblast CL0000765
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 56.0%
  • cerebellar granule cell CL0001031
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 39.0%
  • CD8-alpha-alpha-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell CL0000915
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 78.4%
  • respiratory basal cell CL0002633
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 48.3%
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 33.3%
  • late pro-B cell CL0002048
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 73.4%
  • retina horizontal cell CL0000745
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 39.4%
  • retinal pigment epithelial cell CL0002586
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 42.1%
  • professional antigen presenting cell CL0000145
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 74.4%
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 29.9%
  • podocyte CL0000653
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 4.1%
    PRS 41.2%
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 46.2%
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 5.6%
    PRS 29.2%
  • retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 33.0%
  • L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030059
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 33.4%
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 27.9%
  • large pre-B-II cell CL0000957
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 57.4%
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 36.4%
  • double negative T regulatory cell CL0011024
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 21.8%
    PRS 85.4%
  • endothelial cell of placenta CL0009092
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 6.4%
    PRS 54.1%
  • keratinocyte CL0000312
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 47.6%
  • type L enteroendocrine cell CL0002279
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 62.5%
  • enteroglial cell CL4040002
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 7.0%
    PRS 51.6%
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 43.2%
  • muscle cell CL0000187
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 64.8%
  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 38.6%
  • blood vessel smooth muscle cell CL0019018
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 12.0%
    PRS 37.7%
  • hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell CL0000837
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 3.6%
    PRS 60.3%
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 40.8%
  • rod bipolar cell CL0000751
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 36.4%
  • B-2 B cell CL0000822
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 31.9%
    PRS 82.9%
  • myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000839
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 7.9%
    PRS 66.5%
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 45.4%
  • mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue CL0002570
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 8.6%
    PRS 61.5%
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 40.0%
  • basal cell of epidermis CL0002187
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 26.5%
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 33.9%
  • renal interstitial pericyte CL1001318
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 4.6%
    PRS 39.7%
  • promyelocyte CL0000836
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 52.5%
  • B-1 B cell CL0000819
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 44.1%
    PRS 83.5%
  • lung interstitial macrophage CL4033043
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 3.9%
    PRS 62.6%
  • L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030063
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 32.8%
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 41.1%
  • tissue-resident macrophage CL0000864
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 8.4%
    PRS 61.8%
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 6.4%
    PRS 26.8%
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 45.2%
  • exhausted T cell CL0011025
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 30.7%
    PRS 75.1%
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 47.2%
  • luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002326
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 58.7%
  • mature microglial cell CL0002629
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 7.9%
    PRS 43.8%
  • effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001044
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 5.5%
    PRS 59.8%
  • pancreatic A cell CL0000171
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 45.1%
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 41.0%
  • memory T cell CL0000813
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 3.8%
    PRS 72.3%
  • central nervous system neuron CL2000029
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 14.5%
    PRS 31.4%
  • common lymphoid progenitor CL0000051
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 64.9%
  • alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 46.4%
  • germinal center B cell CL0000844
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 6.2%
    PRS 65.6%
  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 43.1%
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 46.2%
  • CD34-positive, CD56-positive, CD117-positive common innate lymphoid precursor, human CL0001074
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 24.8%
    PRS 78.3%
  • interstitial cell of Cajal CL0002088
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 47.7%
  • erythrocyte CL0000232
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 5.0%
    PRS 48.3%
  • small intestine goblet cell CL1000495
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 4.9%
    PRS 52.5%
  • small pre-B-II cell CL0000954
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 66.7%
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 48.0%
  • fraction A pre-pro B cell CL0002045
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 65.4%
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 7.0%
    PRS 29.0%
  • inflammatory macrophage CL0000863
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 3.9%
    PRS 68.3%
  • indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 55.7%
    PRS 28.3%
  • renal principal cell CL0005009
    CSI 2.4
    rCSI 6.1%
    PRS 47.9%
  • direct pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023026
    CSI 2.4
    rCSI 56.6%
    PRS 27.4%
  • cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 9.9%
    PRS 41.3%
  • megakaryocyte CL0000556
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 10.9%
    PRS 58.4%
  • alternatively activated macrophage CL0000890
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 55.7%
  • cerebral cortex neuron CL0010012
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 10.3%
    PRS 40.4%
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000934
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 63.2%
  • type B pancreatic cell CL0000169
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 6.0%
    PRS 39.9%
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 31.1%
  • basal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002341
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 8.2%
    PRS 60.5%
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000913
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 57.5%
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 32.4%
  • eosinophil CL0000771
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 19.5%
    PRS 73.7%
  • IgM plasma cell CL0000986
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 13.4%
    PRS 83.4%
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 5.3%
    PRS 35.4%
  • follicular B cell CL0000843
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 11.2%
    PRS 76.4%
  • pancreatic D cell CL0000173
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 44.7%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [STK4](/details-gene/6789), or Serine/Threonine Kinase 4, is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 20q13.12. It functions as a key intracellular signaling molecule, particularly within the Hippo signaling pathway ([R-HSA-2028269](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-2028269)) and in the regulation of apoptosis ([GO:0006915](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006915)). Expression data reveals that [STK4](/details-gene/6789) is a highly significant gene in the immune system, with its most prominent roles observed in lymphocyte populations. It is particularly significant in [central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0000907), [CD4-positive helper T cell](/details-cell/CL0000492), and [CD16-positive, CD56-dim natural killer cell, human](/details-cell/CL0000939), suggesting a critical function in the regulation, memory, and effector functions of both adaptive and innate immunity. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [STK4](/details-gene/6789) firmly establishes its role within the hematopoietic system, specifically in lymphoid cell lineages. **Overall**, the gene shows the highest significance in mature, antigen-experienced lymphocyte populations. The most significant expression is found in T lymphocytes, including [central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0000907) (CSI: 73.60) and multiple subsets of [CD4-positive helper T cell](/details-cell/CL0000492) (CSI: 59.63), such as [naive thymus-derived CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0000895) and [T-helper 17 cell](/details-cell/CL0000899). This pattern suggests that [STK4](/details-gene/6789) is integral to T cell function, from naive cell maintenance to the differentiation and persistence of memory cells. Its high significance also extends to cytotoxic lymphocytes, including [CD16-positive, CD56-dim natural killer cell, human](/details-cell/CL0000939) (CSI: 51.82) and [mature NK T cell](/details-cell/CL0000814), indicating a role in cytotoxic effector mechanisms or their regulation. The gene is also significantly expressed, albeit to a lesser degree, in other immune cells like [CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte](/details-cell/CL0002396) and [myeloid dendritic cell](/details-cell/CL0000782). This broad but lymphocyte-centric expression pattern highlights [STK4](/details-gene/6789) as a fundamental kinase involved in signaling cascades that govern the behavior of a wide array of immune cells. ## Pathways and Molecular Function [STK4](/details-gene/6789) is a serine/threonine kinase that primarily functions in intracellular signal transduction ([GO:0035556](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0035556)) and protein phosphorylation ([GO:0006468](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006468)). Its best-characterized role is as a core component of the Hippo signaling pathway ([GO:0035329](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0035329)), a crucial regulator of organ size, cell proliferation, and apoptosis ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05427.x)). A major function of [STK4](/details-gene/6789) is its involvement in the apoptotic process ([GO:0006915](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006915)). The STK4 protein, also known as MST1, is a direct substrate for caspases. Upon cleavage during apoptosis, its kinase domain translocates to the nucleus, where it phosphorylates substrates such as histone H2B, promoting chromatin condensation—a hallmark of apoptosis ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.181161698); [Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0092-8674(03)00355-6)). This pro-apoptotic activity is tightly regulated and can be inhibited by survival signals, such as those mediated by Akt phosphorylation ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m704542200)). This function is consistent with its high expression in lymphocytes, where apoptosis is a critical mechanism for maintaining homeostasis and eliminating autoreactive or terminally differentiated cells. Furthermore, [STK4](/details-gene/6789) is implicated in cell morphogenesis ([GO:0000902](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0000902)) and the negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation ([GO:0050680](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0050680)), reinforcing its role as a tumor suppressor-like kinase within the Hippo pathway. ## Research Directions The data strongly position [STK4](/details-gene/6789) as a central regulator of lymphocyte biology, particularly in the context of cell fate decisions like proliferation and apoptosis. This suggests several avenues for future investigation. **Testable Hypotheses:** 1. Given its high significance in [central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0000907) and its established pro-apoptotic function, [STK4](/details-gene/6789) activity is likely a critical determinant of memory T cell longevity. We hypothesize that fine-tuned levels of [STK4](/details-gene/6789) signaling are required to balance survival and contraction of the memory T cell pool following an immune response. 2. Based on its role in Hippo signaling ([GO:0035329](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0035329)) and its high expression in lymphocytes, we hypothesize that loss-of-function mutations or epigenetic silencing of [STK4](/details-gene/6789) could be a driver event in certain lymphoproliferative disorders or leukemias by uncoupling proliferation from apoptotic checkpoints. **Proposed Experimental Approach:** To test the first hypothesis regarding [STK4](/details-gene/6789)'s role in memory T cell homeostasis, a conditional knockout mouse model could be employed. Specifically, generating mice with a floxed *Stk4* allele and crossing them with CD4-Cre or Lck-Cre transgenic lines would allow for T cell-specific deletion of the gene. Following an acute viral infection (e.g., with Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus, LCMV), the formation, maintenance, and recall capacity of virus-specific memory CD8+ and CD4+ T cell populations could be quantified via flow cytometry and functional assays (e.g., intracellular cytokine staining). It would be expected that T cells lacking [STK4](/details-gene/6789) would exhibit altered population dynamics, potentially leading to an over-accumulation of memory cells due to defective contraction or, conversely, impaired long-term survival. **Therapeutic Potential:** As a protein kinase, [STK4](/details-gene/6789) is a potentially druggable target. Its role as a pro-apoptotic tumor suppressor suggests that its **activation** could be a therapeutic strategy. Small molecule activators of [STK4](/details-gene/6789) could be beneficial in hematological malignancies where the Hippo pathway is inactivated, potentially restoring apoptotic sensitivity. Conversely, in the context of T cell-driven autoimmune diseases or graft-versus-host disease, selective **inhibition** of [STK4](/details-gene/6789) might be a viable approach to dampen excessive T cell expansion and survival, thereby restoring immune tolerance. The high specificity of its expression within the immune system could allow for targeted therapies with a reduced risk of off-target effects in non-hematopoietic tissues.

Genular Protein ID: 2445420415

Symbol: STK4_HUMAN

Name: Serine/threonine-protein kinase 4

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 7665586

Title: Cloning and characterization of a human protein kinase with homology to Ste20.

PubMed ID: 7665586

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.37.21695

PubMed ID: 8816758

Title: Newly identified stress-responsive protein kinases, Krs-1 and Krs-2.

PubMed ID: 8816758

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.93.19.10099

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 11780052

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20.

PubMed ID: 11780052

DOI: 10.1038/414865a

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 8702870

Title: The Ste20-like protein kinase, Mst1, dimerizes and contains an inhibitory domain.

PubMed ID: 8702870

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.35.21049

PubMed ID: 11278283

Title: MST, a physiological caspase substrate, highly sensitizes apoptosis both upstream and downstream of caspase activation.

PubMed ID: 11278283

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m005109200

PubMed ID: 11517310

Title: Caspase cleavage of MST1 promotes nuclear translocation and chromatin condensation.

PubMed ID: 11517310

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.181161698

PubMed ID: 12757711

Title: Apoptotic phosphorylation of histone H2B is mediated by mammalian sterile twenty kinase.

PubMed ID: 12757711

DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(03)00355-6

PubMed ID: 15109305

Title: Regulation of the MST1 kinase by autophosphorylation, by the growth inhibitory proteins, RASSF1 and NORE1, and by Ras.

PubMed ID: 15109305

DOI: 10.1042/bj20040025

PubMed ID: 16510573

Title: Role of the tumor suppressor RASSF1A in Mst1-mediated apoptosis.

PubMed ID: 16510573

DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-2951

PubMed ID: 16751106

Title: A conserved MST-FOXO signaling pathway mediates oxidative-stress responses and extends life span.

PubMed ID: 16751106

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2006.03.046

PubMed ID: 16930133

Title: Association of mammalian sterile twenty kinases, Mst1 and Mst2, with hSalvador via C-terminal coiled-coil domains, leads to its stabilization and phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 16930133

DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05427.x

PubMed ID: 17932490

Title: The pro-apoptotic kinase Mst1 and its caspase cleavage products are direct inhibitors of Akt1.

PubMed ID: 17932490

DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601872

PubMed ID: 17726016

Title: Akt phosphorylates MstI and prevents its proteolytic activation, blocking FOXO3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation.

PubMed ID: 17726016

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m704542200

PubMed ID: 18328708

Title: MOBKL1A/MOBKL1B phosphorylation by MST1 and MST2 inhibits cell proliferation.

PubMed ID: 18328708

DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2008.02.006

PubMed ID: 18691976

Title: Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle.

PubMed ID: 18691976

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2008.07.007

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 19484742

Title: Mammalian NDR/LATS protein kinases in hippo tumor suppressor signaling.

PubMed ID: 19484742

DOI: 10.1002/biof.47

PubMed ID: 18986304

Title: Phosphorylation of cardiac troponin I by mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1.

PubMed ID: 18986304

DOI: 10.1042/bj20081340

PubMed ID: 19369195

Title: Large-scale proteomics analysis of the human kinome.

PubMed ID: 19369195

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m800588-mcp200

PubMed ID: 19525978

Title: RASSF2 associates with and stabilizes the proapoptotic kinase MST2.

PubMed ID: 19525978

DOI: 10.1038/onc.2009.152

PubMed ID: 19690332

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions.

PubMed ID: 19690332

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000007

PubMed ID: 19940129

Title: Phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt inhibits MST1-mediated pro-apoptotic signaling through phosphorylation of threonine 120.

PubMed ID: 19940129

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.059675

PubMed ID: 27825096

Title:

PubMed ID: 27825096

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.a109.059675

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 21245099

Title: Hippo/Mst1 stimulates transcription of the proapoptotic mediator NOXA in a FoxO1-dependent manner.

PubMed ID: 21245099

DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-2203

PubMed ID: 21512132

Title: MST1 is a multifunctional caspase-independent inhibitor of androgenic signaling.

PubMed ID: 21512132

DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-4532

PubMed ID: 21199877

Title: The tumor suppressor RASSF1A prevents dephosphorylation of the mammalian STE20-like kinases MST1 and MST2.

PubMed ID: 21199877

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.178210

PubMed ID: 21212262

Title: MST1 promotes apoptosis through regulating Sirt1-dependent p53 deacetylation.

PubMed ID: 21212262

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.182543

PubMed ID: 21406692

Title: System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation.

PubMed ID: 21406692

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2001570

PubMed ID: 22294732

Title: The phenotype of human STK4 deficiency.

PubMed ID: 22294732

DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-09-378158

PubMed ID: 22223895

Title: Comparative large-scale characterisation of plant vs. mammal proteins reveals similar and idiosyncratic N-alpha acetylation features.

PubMed ID: 22223895

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.015131

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 28087714

Title: DLG5 connects cell polarity and Hippo signaling protein networks by linking PAR-1 with MST1/2.

PubMed ID: 28087714

DOI: 10.1101/gad.284539.116

PubMed ID: 28169360

Title: Loss of DLG5 promotes breast cancer malignancy by inhibiting the Hippo signaling pathway.

PubMed ID: 28169360

DOI: 10.1038/srep42125

PubMed ID: 17344846

Title: Patterns of somatic mutation in human cancer genomes.

PubMed ID: 17344846

DOI: 10.1038/nature05610

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 487
  • Mass: 55630
  • Checksum: 150758EBC5F77D5C
  • Sequence:
  • METVQLRNPP RRQLKKLDED SLTKQPEEVF DVLEKLGEGS YGSVYKAIHK ETGQIVAIKQ 
    VPVESDLQEI IKEISIMQQC DSPHVVKYYG SYFKNTDLWI VMEYCGAGSV SDIIRLRNKT 
    LTEDEIATIL QSTLKGLEYL HFMRKIHRDI KAGNILLNTE GHAKLADFGV AGQLTDTMAK 
    RNTVIGTPFW MAPEVIQEIG YNCVADIWSL GITAIEMAEG KPPYADIHPM RAIFMIPTNP 
    PPTFRKPELW SDNFTDFVKQ CLVKSPEQRA TATQLLQHPF VRSAKGVSIL RDLINEAMDV 
    KLKRQESQQR EVDQDDEENS EEDEMDSGTM VRAVGDEMGT VRVASTMTDG ANTMIEHDDT 
    LPSQLGTMVI NAEDEEEEGT MKRRDETMQP AKPSFLEYFE QKEKENQINS FGKSVPGPLK 
    NSSDWKIPQD GDYEFLKSWT VEDLQKRLLA LDPMMEQEIE EIRQKYQSKR QPILDAIEAK 
    KRRQQNF

Genular Protein ID: 2009015293

Symbol: A0A087WVN8_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11237011

Title: Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11237011

DOI: 10.1038/35057062

PubMed ID: 11780052

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20.

PubMed ID: 11780052

DOI: 10.1038/414865a

PubMed ID: 15496913

Title: Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 15496913

DOI: 10.1038/nature03001

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 411
  • Mass: 46984
  • Checksum: 84D03FE1E81334D9
  • Sequence:
  • MQQCDSPHVV KYYGSYFKNT DLWIVMEYCG AGSVSDIIRL RNKTLTEDEI ATILQSTLKG 
    LEYLHFMRKI HRDIKAGNIL LNTEGHAKLA DFGVAGQLTD TMAKRNTVIG TPFWMAPEVI 
    QEIGYNCVAD IWSLGITAIE MAEGKPPYAD IHPMRAIFMI PTNPPPTFRK PELWSDNFTD 
    FVKQCLVKSP EQRATATQLL QHPFVRSAKG VSILRDLINE AMDVKLKRQE SQQREVDQDD 
    EENSEEDEMD SGTMVRAVGD EMGTVRVAST MTDGANTMIE HDDTLPSQLG TMVINAEDEE 
    EEGTMKRRDE TMQPAKPSFL EYFEQKEKEN QINSFGKSVP GPLKNSSDWK IPQDGDYEFL 
    KSWTVEDLQK RLLALDPMME QEIEEIRQKY QSKRQPILDA IEAKKRRQQN F