Details for: TPP2

Gene ID: 7174

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: TPP2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000134900

Description: tripeptidyl peptidase 2

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 13.97
    rCSI 10.76%
    PRS 34.25
  • enteroendocrine cell CL0000164
    CSI 13.41
    rCSI 18.32%
    PRS 38.64
  • cardiac neuron CL0010022
    CSI 8.6
    rCSI 27.53%
    PRS 32.94
  • adventitial cell CL0002503
    CSI 7.87
    rCSI 18.79%
    PRS 47.39
  • T follicular helper cell CL0002038
    CSI 7.64
    rCSI 5.72%
    PRS 50.1
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 6.7
    rCSI 20.94%
    PRS 23.97
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 6.31
    rCSI 22.69%
    PRS 22.02
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 5.53
    rCSI 32.58%
    PRS 24.15
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 5.45
    rCSI 8.62%
    PRS 36.52
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, terminally differentiated CL0001062
    CSI 5.34
    rCSI 26.78%
    PRS 45.58
  • innate lymphoid cell CL0001065
    CSI 5.26
    rCSI 10.86%
    PRS 44.5
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000897
    CSI 5.13
    rCSI 3.69%
    PRS 47.47
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 5.04
    rCSI 12.24%
    PRS 22.33
  • central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000907
    CSI 4.93
    rCSI 3.32%
    PRS 44.46
  • ON-bipolar cell CL0000749
    CSI 4.76
    rCSI 7.07%
    PRS 39.17
  • melanocyte CL0000148
    CSI 4.75
    rCSI 3.52%
    PRS 30.85
  • hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell CL0000837
    CSI 4.71
    rCSI 11.33%
    PRS 52.39
  • ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002145
    CSI 4.6
    rCSI 10.49%
    PRS 35.12
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 4.6
    rCSI 3.63%
    PRS 25.53
  • naive T cell CL0000898
    CSI 4.47
    rCSI 3.11%
    PRS 47.66
  • Kupffer cell CL0000091
    CSI 4.38
    rCSI 10.01%
    PRS 35.39
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 4.21
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 40.5
  • fibroblast of cardiac tissue CL0002548
    CSI 4.16
    rCSI 19.95%
    PRS 34.09
  • megakaryocyte CL0000556
    CSI 4.16
    rCSI 18.05%
    PRS 52.35
  • promyelocyte CL0000836
    CSI 4.12
    rCSI 5.94%
    PRS 45.72
  • parietal epithelial cell CL1000452
    CSI 4.05
    rCSI 10.83%
    PRS 30.51
  • renal interstitial pericyte CL1001318
    CSI 4.01
    rCSI 11.05%
    PRS 33.69
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000810
    CSI 4
    rCSI 3.21%
    PRS 56.73
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 3.76
    rCSI 6.05%
    PRS 24.84
  • plasmablast CL0000980
    CSI 3.73
    rCSI 2.94%
    PRS 41.57
  • mucosal invariant T cell CL0000940
    CSI 3.63
    rCSI 2.93%
    PRS 47.61
  • central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000904
    CSI 3.37
    rCSI 1.99%
    PRS 48.99
  • blood vessel smooth muscle cell CL0019018
    CSI 3.34
    rCSI 27.14%
    PRS 32.2
  • alpha-beta T cell CL0000789
    CSI 3.31
    rCSI 3.87%
    PRS 49.5
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 4.74%
    PRS 28.77
  • Schwann cell CL0002573
    CSI 3.29
    rCSI 9.34%
    PRS 36.84
  • hematopoietic precursor cell CL0008001
    CSI 3.2
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 52.55
  • luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002326
    CSI 3.17
    rCSI 5.76%
    PRS 51.48
  • effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001050
    CSI 3.13
    rCSI 2.38%
    PRS 45.65
  • retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748
    CSI 3.11
    rCSI 5.82%
    PRS 27.41
  • precursor B cell CL0000817
    CSI 3.08
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 45.17
  • deuterosomal cell CL4033044
    CSI 3.07
    rCSI 10.4%
    PRS 47.01
  • intestinal tuft cell CL0019032
    CSI 2.98
    rCSI 4.56%
    PRS 40.15
  • unswitched memory B cell CL0000970
    CSI 2.97
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 52.25
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 2.95
    rCSI 11.04%
    PRS 30.61
  • naive thymus-derived CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000900
    CSI 2.89
    rCSI 2.03%
    PRS 61.18
  • CD14-positive monocyte CL0001054
    CSI 2.86
    rCSI 3.57%
    PRS 46.77
  • double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000809
    CSI 2.81
    rCSI 2.86%
    PRS 47.75
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000794
    CSI 2.79
    rCSI 3.33%
    PRS 55.12
  • direct pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023026
    CSI 2.78
    rCSI 66.51%
    PRS 22.47
  • enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504
    CSI 2.77
    rCSI 3.96%
    PRS 38.45
  • indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029
    CSI 2.73
    rCSI 65.85%
    PRS 23.25
  • small pre-B-II cell CL0000954
    CSI 2.55
    rCSI 2.46%
    PRS 59.95
  • CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000792
    CSI 2.52
    rCSI 2.48%
    PRS 50.37
  • double negative thymocyte CL0002489
    CSI 2.49
    rCSI 1.73%
    PRS 43.04
  • CD16-negative, CD56-bright natural killer cell, human CL0000938
    CSI 2.49
    rCSI 1.86%
    PRS 70.05
  • perivascular cell CL4033054
    CSI 2.47
    rCSI 3.38%
    PRS 39.95
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 2.37
    rCSI 2.36%
    PRS 30.91
  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 2.33
    rCSI 2.88%
    PRS 32.2
  • brush cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002075
    CSI 2.31
    rCSI 6.84%
    PRS 46.82
  • differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor CL4023059
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 4.17%
    PRS 31.2
  • hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037
    CSI 2.23
    rCSI 1.48%
    PRS 40.07
  • CD4-positive helper T cell CL0000492
    CSI 2.22
    rCSI 1.68%
    PRS 46.94
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 4.41%
    PRS 27.4
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI 2.19
    rCSI 3.84%
    PRS 29.23
  • L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030067
    CSI 2.18
    rCSI 7.16%
    PRS 26.65
  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 2.15
    rCSI 1.67%
    PRS 35.63
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 2.11
    rCSI 3.72%
    PRS 22.16
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 2.08
    rCSI 1.72%
    PRS 36.58
  • plasmacytoid dendritic cell, human CL0001058
    CSI 2.05
    rCSI 1.43%
    PRS 37.57
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 2
    rCSI 2.39%
    PRS 22.93
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 1.99
    rCSI 4.46%
    PRS 23.51
  • platelet CL0000233
    CSI 1.99
    rCSI 8.24%
    PRS 47.86
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 1.98
    rCSI 2.81%
    PRS 33.59
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 1.97
    rCSI 2.52%
    PRS 40.41
  • ON midget ganglion cell CL4033046
    CSI 1.96
    rCSI 39.84%
    PRS 30.3
  • endothelial cell of placenta CL0009092
    CSI 1.96
    rCSI 9.64%
    PRS 46.3
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 1.95
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 36.95
  • kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001107
    CSI 1.94
    rCSI 5.02%
    PRS 32.92
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 1.94
    rCSI 2.28%
    PRS 39.52
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI 1.93
    rCSI 1.45%
    PRS 38.53
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 1.92
    rCSI 3.06%
    PRS 30.4
  • pulmonary capillary endothelial cell CL4028001
    CSI 1.92
    rCSI 3.67%
    PRS 52.26
  • mature T cell CL0002419
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 1.47%
    PRS 50.82
  • Mueller cell CL0000636
    CSI 1.88
    rCSI 4.3%
    PRS 30.94
  • goblet cell CL0000160
    CSI 1.87
    rCSI 1.77%
    PRS 36.97
  • ciliated cell CL0000064
    CSI 1.81
    rCSI 2.93%
    PRS 34.97
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 1.81
    rCSI 1.74%
    PRS 36.6
  • endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid CL0019021
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 8.26%
    PRS 58.45
  • inflammatory macrophage CL0000863
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 3.07%
    PRS 62.17
  • mononuclear phagocyte CL0000113
    CSI 1.78
    rCSI 3.92%
    PRS 39.73
  • cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008
    CSI 1.77
    rCSI 7.15%
    PRS 34.81
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 1.77
    rCSI 2.71%
    PRS 41.91
  • alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004
    CSI 1.76
    rCSI 1.92%
    PRS 39.59
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 1.75
    rCSI 2.17%
    PRS 21.7
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 1.74
    rCSI 2.09%
    PRS 34.31
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 1.73
    rCSI 1.61%
    PRS 35.66
  • IgG plasma cell CL0000985
    CSI 1.72
    rCSI 2.06%
    PRS 54.51
  • glioblast CL0000030
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 2.72%
    PRS 30.79
  • CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002397
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 2.22%
    PRS 48.32
  • eosinophil CL0000771
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 68.0%
  • kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell CL1000849
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 39.2%
  • cytotoxic T cell CL0000910
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 48.2%
  • medium spiny neuron CL1001474
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 24.7%
  • pancreatic PP cell CL0002275
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 51.9%
  • myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000839
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 59.5%
  • regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 29.7%
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of colon CL0009043
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 56.4%
  • glial cell CL0000125
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 31.8%
  • regular atrial cardiac myocyte CL0002129
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 36.2%
  • lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000838
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 55.1%
  • GABAergic interneuron CL0011005
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 8.8%
    PRS 38.7%
  • antibody secreting cell CL0000946
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 81.0%
  • amacrine cell CL0000561
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 28.9%
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 28.2%
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 26.4%
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 34.0%
  • large pre-B-II cell CL0000957
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 51.0%
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 25.9%
  • diffuse bipolar 3b cell CL4033030
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 4.4%
    PRS 35.5%
  • GABAergic amacrine cell CL4030027
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 30.1%
  • respiratory basal cell CL0002633
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 0.7%
    PRS 41.3%
  • Hofbauer cell CL3000001
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 44.8%
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 27.5%
  • promonocyte CL0000559
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 45.0%
  • central nervous system neuron CL2000029
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 5.8%
    PRS 25.7%
  • CD8-positive, CD28-negative, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000920
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 53.3%
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 37.1%
  • tissue-resident macrophage CL0000864
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 4.0%
    PRS 56.8%
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 28.1%
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine CL0009017
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 44.6%
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 33.0%
  • GABAergic neuron CL0000617
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 26.8%
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 23.8%
  • paneth cell CL0000510
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 52.3%
  • L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030063
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 27.2%
  • lung pericyte CL0009089
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 42.3%
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 39.6%
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 28.2%
  • tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell CL0019019
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 44.2%
  • enteroendocrine cell of small intestine CL0009006
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 50.2%
  • enteroglial cell CL4040002
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 5.6%
    PRS 46.3%
  • pulmonary alveolar type 2 cell CL0002063
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 46.4%
  • mature B cell CL0000785
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 44.1%
  • erythroblast CL0000765
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 49.3%
  • endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid CL0019022
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 48.2%
  • renal principal cell CL0005009
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 42.0%
  • small intestine goblet cell CL1000495
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 45.6%
  • kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage CL1000695
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 35.1%
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 38.2%
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 36.1%
  • cerebellar granule cell CL0001031
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 33.1%
  • CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell CL0002399
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 42.4%
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 34.1%
  • glutamatergic neuron CL0000679
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 32.7%
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 23.8%
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 30.8%
  • common dendritic progenitor CL0001029
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 44.6%
  • myeloid dendritic cell CL0000782
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 51.1%
  • common lymphoid progenitor CL0000051
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 58.2%
  • elicited macrophage CL0000861
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 42.2%
  • periportal region hepatocyte CL0019026
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 4.8%
    PRS 45.5%
  • activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, human CL0001049
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 56.9%
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 34.3%
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 23.0%
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 34.2%
  • lung macrophage CL1001603
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 41.5%
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 39.4%
  • inhibitory interneuron CL0000498
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 29.7%
  • adipocyte CL0000136
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 33.4%
  • OFF midget ganglion cell CL4033047
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 27.0%
    PRS 31.5%
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 38.9%
  • effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001044
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 3.9%
    PRS 51.7%
  • blood vessel endothelial cell CL0000071
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 34.8%
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 31.3%
  • retinal rod cell CL0000604
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 34.8%
  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 36.2%
  • basal cell CL0000646
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 37.7%
  • ionocyte CL0005006
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 33.6%
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 40.7%
  • ON parasol ganglion cell CL4033052
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 20.7%
    PRS 30.0%
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 27.8%
  • IgA plasma cell CL0000987
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 54.7%
  • renal beta-intercalated cell CL0002201
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 3.6%
    PRS 38.8%
  • Langerhans cell CL0000453
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 53.3%
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 28.1%
  • ependymal cell CL0000065
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 21.6%
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000913
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 50.4%
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 26.8%
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 33.5%
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 35.3%
  • CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002397
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 48.3%
  • glioblast CL0000030
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 30.8%
  • IgG plasma cell CL0000985
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 54.5%
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 35.7%
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 34.3%
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 21.7%
  • alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 39.6%
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 41.9%
  • cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 7.2%
    PRS 34.8%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [TPP2](/details-gene/7174) (Tripeptidyl Peptidase 2) is a gene located on chromosome 13 that encodes a large, cytosolic serine-type peptidase. This enzyme is a key component of the intracellular protein degradation machinery, primarily involved in [proteolysis](/details-gene/GO:0006508) and the maintenance of amino acid homeostasis. Functionally, it is integral to the [adaptive immune system](/details-gene/R-HSA-1280218), particularly in the pathway of [Class I MHC mediated antigen processing & presentation](/details-gene/R-HSA-983169). Expression data highlights its significance in immune cells, with the highest specificity observed in [CD14-low, CD16-positive monocytes](/details-cell/CL0002396), as well as notable expression in various T cell subsets and [enteroendocrine cells](/details-cell/CL0000164). Mutations in [TPP2](/details-gene/7174) are associated with a rare syndrome of sterile brain inflammation, underscoring its critical role in immune tolerance and central nervous system homeostasis ([OMIM:190470](https://omim.org/entry/190470)) [[Link](https://doi.org/10.1212/nxg.0000000000000285)]. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [TPP2](/details-gene/7174) reveals a dual role in both the immune system and specialized non-immune cell types. **Overall**, the gene shows the most significant expression in [CD14-low, CD16-positive monocytes](/details-cell/CL0002396) (CSI: 13.97), a subset of monocytes known for their pro-inflammatory and antigen presentation capabilities. This is complemented by high significance in other key immune lineages, including [T follicular helper cells](/details-cell/CL0002038), [terminally differentiated effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cells](/details-cell/CL0001062), and [innate lymphoid cells](/details-cell/CL0001065). This pattern strongly suggests that [TPP2](/details-gene/7174) is a crucial enzyme for immune surveillance, particularly in the processing of cytosolic proteins for presentation to T cells. Beyond its immunological role, [TPP2](/details-gene/7174) is also highly significant in several non-immune cell types, indicating a broader function in cellular proteostasis. It is the second-highest ranked cell marker in [enteroendocrine cells](/details-cell/CL0000164) (CSI: 13.41), which are responsible for hormone production in the gut, suggesting a role in peptide hormone processing or turnover. Furthermore, its notable expression in diverse neuronal populations, such as [cardiac neurons](/details-cell/CL0010022) and multiple subtypes of glutamatergic cortical neurons (e.g., [L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron](/details-cell/CL4023038)), points towards a potential role in maintaining protein homeostasis in these metabolically active and long-lived cells. This broad but specific expression pattern highlights its importance in both systemic immune function and specialized cell-intrinsic processes. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The molecular function of [TPP2](/details-gene/7174) is centered on its activity as a large, multimeric peptidase complex. Gene Ontology annotations confirm its [tripeptidyl-peptidase activity](/details-gene/GO:0008240) and [serine-type endopeptidase activity](/details-gene/GO:0004252), localizing it primarily to the [cytosol](/details-gene/GO:0005829). Its function is deeply integrated with the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Reactome pathway analysis provides a clear functional context for its high expression in immune cells. [TPP2](/details-gene/7174) is a component of the [Antigen processing: ubiquitination & proteasome degradation](/details-gene/R-HSA-983168) and [Class I MHC mediated antigen processing & presentation](/details-gene/R-HSA-983169) pathways. In this role, it is thought to act downstream of the proteasome, trimming peptides to the appropriate length for loading onto MHC class I molecules. This function is essential for the immune system to recognize and eliminate virally infected or cancerous cells. Beyond its role in antigen presentation, research suggests [TPP2](/details-gene/7174) can translocate to the nucleus under conditions of oxidative stress, where it may participate in DNA damage responses [[Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.09.021)]. This indicates an additional role in cellular stress responses, potentially linking protein degradation pathways with genome maintenance. ## Research Directions The established role of [TPP2](/details-gene/7174) in antigen processing, combined with its clinical association with neuroinflammation, provides a compelling basis for further investigation. The high expression in both immune cells and neurons suggests that its dysfunction could have cell-intrinsic effects in the CNS while also promoting an aberrant systemic immune response. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. **Defective Self-Antigen Processing Hypothesis:** Loss-of-function mutations in [TPP2](/details-gene/7174) in professional antigen-presenting cells, such as [monocytes](/details-cell/CL0002396), lead to the generation and presentation of a cryptic or aberrant repertoire of central nervous system self-peptides on MHC class I molecules, thereby breaking self-tolerance and initiating an autoimmune attack against the brain. 2. **Neuronal Proteostasis Failure Hypothesis:** In neurons, where [TPP2](/details-gene/7174) is also significantly expressed, its deficiency results in a failure to clear specific protein substrates, leading to the accumulation of toxic peptide fragments. This neuronal stress could act as a primary trigger for sterile neuroinflammation, independent of or in addition to the systemic immune defect. **Experimental Approach:** To test the **Defective Self-Antigen Processing Hypothesis**, one could utilize induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from patients with [TPP2](/details-gene/7174) mutations and isogenic corrected controls. These iPSCs would be differentiated into monocytes and macrophages. The peptidome presented on MHC class I molecules (the immunopeptidome) could then be analyzed using advanced mass spectrometry. By comparing the peptides presented by patient-derived versus control cells, especially after challenging them with neuronal protein lysates, it would be possible to directly identify aberrant self-peptides that could serve as autoimmune targets. **Therapeutic Potential:** Given that the known pathology is caused by a loss of enzymatic function, [TPP2](/details-gene/7174) is not a suitable target for inhibition. Instead, therapeutic strategies would need to focus on restoring its function. For this rare genetic disorder, potential avenues could include **enzyme replacement therapy** or **gene therapy** aimed at delivering a functional copy of the [TPP2](/details-gene/7174) gene to hematopoietic stem cells. The development of small-molecule chaperones or activators that could enhance the function of residual or misfolded TPP2 protein might also be a viable, albeit challenging, long-term strategy.

Genular Protein ID: 2594628091

Symbol: TPP2_HUMAN

Name: Tripeptidyl-peptidase 2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 15057823

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 13.

PubMed ID: 15057823

DOI: 10.1038/nature02379

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 1840501

Title: Nucleotide sequence of cDNA covering the N-terminus of human tripeptidyl peptidase II.

PubMed ID: 1840501

PubMed ID: 1670990

Title: Characterization of cDNA for human tripeptidyl peptidase II: the N-terminal part of the enzyme is similar to subtilisin.

PubMed ID: 1670990

DOI: 10.1021/bi00215a025

PubMed ID: 1691635

Title: Immunological cross-reactivity between human tripeptidyl peptidase II and fibronectin.

PubMed ID: 1691635

DOI: 10.1042/bj2670149

PubMed ID: 3313395

Title: Active site of tripeptidyl peptidase II from human erythrocytes is of the subtilisin type.

PubMed ID: 3313395

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.84.21.7508

PubMed ID: 19747897

Title: A role for nuclear translocation of tripeptidyl-peptidase II in reactive oxygen species-dependent DNA damage responses.

PubMed ID: 19747897

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.09.021

PubMed ID: 19608861

Title: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.

PubMed ID: 19608861

DOI: 10.1126/science.1175371

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25525876

Title: Dual proteolytic pathways govern glycolysis and immune competence.

PubMed ID: 25525876

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.12.001

PubMed ID: 30533531

Title: TPP2 mutation associated with sterile brain inflammation mimicking MS.

PubMed ID: 30533531

DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000285

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 1249
  • Mass: 138350
  • Checksum: A26A6249DBF7F3DD
  • Sequence:
  • MATAATEEPF PFHGLLPKKE TGAASFLCRY PEYDGRGVLI AVLDTGVDPG APGMQVTTDG 
    KPKIVDIIDT TGSGDVNTAT EVEPKDGEIV GLSGRVLKIP ASWTNPSGKY HIGIKNGYDF 
    YPKALKERIQ KERKEKIWDP VHRVALAEAC RKQEEFDVAN NGSSQANKLI KEELQSQVEL 
    LNSFEKKYSD PGPVYDCLVW HDGEVWRACI DSNEDGDLSK STVLRNYKEA QEYGSFGTAE 
    MLNYSVNIYD DGNLLSIVTS GGAHGTHVAS IAAGHFPEEP ERNGVAPGAQ ILSIKIGDTR 
    LSTMETGTGL IRAMIEVINH KCDLVNYSYG EATHWPNSGR ICEVINEAVW KHNIIYVSSA 
    GNNGPCLSTV GCPGGTTSSV IGVGAYVSPD MMVAEYSLRE KLPANQYTWS SRGPSADGAL 
    GVSISAPGGA IASVPNWTLR GTQLMNGTSM SSPNACGGIA LILSGLKANN IDYTVHSVRR 
    ALENTAVKAD NIEVFAQGHG IIQVDKAYDY LVQNTSFANK LGFTVTVGNN RGIYLRDPVQ 
    VAAPSDHGVG IEPVFPENTE NSEKISLQLH LALTSNSSWV QCPSHLELMN QCRHINIRVD 
    PRGLREGLHY TEVCGYDIAS PNAGPLFRVP ITAVIAAKVN ESSHYDLAFT DVHFKPGQIR 
    RHFIEVPEGA TWAEVTVCSC SSEVSAKFVL HAVQLVKQRA YRSHEFYKFC SLPEKGTLTE 
    AFPVLGGKAI EFCIARWWAS LSDVNIDYTI SFHGIVCTAP QLNIHASEGI NRFDVQSSLK 
    YEDLAPCITL KNWVQTLRPV SAKTKPLGSR DVLPNNRQLY EMVLTYNFHQ PKSGEVTPSC 
    PLLCELLYES EFDSQLWIIF DQNKRQMGSG DAYPHQYSLK LEKGDYTIRL QIRHEQISDL 
    ERLKDLPFIV SHRLSNTLSL DIHENHSFAL LGKKKSSNLT LPPKYNQPFF VTSLPDDKIP 
    KGAGPGCYLA GSLTLSKTEL GKKADVIPVH YYLIPPPTKT KNGSKDKEKD SEKEKDLKEE 
    FTEALRDLKI QWMTKLDSSD IYNELKETYP NYLPLYVARL HQLDAEKERM KRLNEIVDAA 
    NAVISHIDQT ALAVYIAMKT DPRPDAATIK NDMDKQKSTL VDALCRKGCA LADHLLHTQA 
    QDGAISTDAE GKEEEGESPL DSLAETFWET TKWTDLFDNK VLTFAYKHAL VNKMYGRGLK 
    FATKLVEEKP TKENWKNCIQ LMKLLGWTHC ASFTENWLPI MYPPDYCVF

Genular Protein ID: 1883449860

Symbol: Q5VZU9_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11237011

Title: Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11237011

DOI: 10.1038/35057062

PubMed ID: 15057823

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 13.

PubMed ID: 15057823

DOI: 10.1038/nature02379

PubMed ID: 15496913

Title: Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 15496913

DOI: 10.1038/nature03001

PubMed ID: 19608861

Title: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.

PubMed ID: 19608861

DOI: 10.1126/science.1175371

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 1262
  • Mass: 139766
  • Checksum: FD7528A15433F987
  • Sequence:
  • MATAATEEPF PFHGLLPKKE TGAASFLCRY PEYDGRGVLI AVLDTGVDPG APGMQVTTDG 
    KPKIVDIIDT TGSGDVNTAT EVEPKDGEIV GLSGRVLKIP ASWTNPSGKY HIGIKNGYDF 
    YPKALKERIQ KERKEKIWDP VHRVALAEAC RKQEEFDVAN NGSSQANKLI KEELQSQVEL 
    LNSFEKKYSD PGPVYDCLVW HDGEVWRACI DSNEDGDLSK STVLRNYKEA QEYGSFGTAE 
    MLNYSVNIYD DGNLLSIVTS GGAHGTHVAS IAAGHFPEEP ERNGVAPGAQ ILSIKIGDTR 
    LSTMETGTGL IRAMIEVINH KCDLVNYSYG EATHWPNSGR ICEVINEAVW KHNIIYVSSA 
    GNNGPCLSTV GCPGGTTSSV IGVGAYVSPD MMVAEYSLRE KLPANQYTWS SRGPSADGAL 
    GVSISAPGGA IASVPNWTLR GTQLMNGTSM SSPNACGGIA LILSGLKANN IDYTVHSVRR 
    ALENTAVKAD NIEVFAQGHG IIQVDKAYDY LVQNTSFANK LGFTVTVGNN RGIYLRDPVQ 
    VAAPSDHGVG IEPVFPENTE NSEKISLQLH LALTSNSSWV QCPSHLELMN QCRHINIRVD 
    PRGLREGLHY TEVCGYDIAS PNAGPLFRVP ITAVIAAKVN ESSHYDLAFT DVHFKPGQIR 
    RHFIEVPEGA TWAEVTVCSC SSEVSAKFVL HAVQLVKQRA YRSHEFYKFC SLPEKGTLTE 
    AFPVLGGKAI EFCIARWWAS LSDVNIDYTI SFHGIVCTAP QLNIHASEGI NRFDVQSSLK 
    YEDLAPCITL KNWVQTLRPV SAKTKPLGSR DVLPNNRQLY EMVLTYNFHQ PKSGEVTPSC 
    PLLCELLYES EFDSQLWIIF DQNKRQMGSG DAYPHQYSLK LEKGDYTIRL QIRHEQISDL 
    ERLKDLPFIV SHRLSNTLSL DIHENHSFAL LGKKKSSNLT LPPKYNQPFF VTSLPDDKIP 
    KGAGPGCYLA GSLTLSKTEL GKKAGQSAAK RQGKFKKDVI PVHYYLIPPP TKTKNGSKDK 
    EKDSEKEKDL KEEFTEALRD LKIQWMTKLD SSDIYNELKE TYPNYLPLYV ARLHQLDAEK 
    ERMKRLNEIV DAANAVISHI DQTALAVYIA MKTDPRPDAA TIKNDMDKQK STLVDALCRK 
    GCALADHLLH TQAQDGAIST DAEGKEEEGE SPLDSLAETF WETTKWTDLF DNKVLTFAYK 
    HALVNKMYGR GLKFATKLVE EKPTKENWKN CIQLMKLLGW THCASFTENW LPIMYPPDYC 
    VF