H2AX | ENSG00000188486 | NCBI 3014

Details for: H2AX

Gene ID: 3014

Symbol: H2AX

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000188486

Description: H2A.X variant histone

Associated with

Activation of anterior hox genes in hindbrain development during early embryogenesis
(R-HSA-5617472)
Activation of hox genes during differentiation
(R-HSA-5619507)
Amyloid fiber formation
(R-HSA-977225)
Assembly of the orc complex at the origin of replication
(R-HSA-68616)
Assembly of the pre-replicative complex
(R-HSA-68867)
B-wich complex positively regulates rrna expression
(R-HSA-5250924)
Base-excision repair, ap site formation
(R-HSA-73929)
Base excision repair
(R-HSA-73884)
Cell cycle
(R-HSA-1640170)
Cell cycle, mitotic
(R-HSA-69278)
Cell cycle checkpoints
(R-HSA-69620)
Cellular responses to stimuli
(R-HSA-8953897)
Cellular responses to stress
(R-HSA-2262752)
Cellular senescence
(R-HSA-2559583)
Chromatin modifications during the maternal to zygotic transition (mzt)
(R-HSA-9821002)
Chromatin modifying enzymes
(R-HSA-3247509)
Chromatin organization
(R-HSA-4839726)
Chromosome maintenance
(R-HSA-73886)
Cleavage of the damaged purine
(R-HSA-110331)
Cleavage of the damaged pyrimidine
(R-HSA-110329)
Condensation of prophase chromosomes
(R-HSA-2299718)
Defective pyroptosis
(R-HSA-9710421)
Deposition of new cenpa-containing nucleosomes at the centromere
(R-HSA-606279)
Depurination
(R-HSA-73927)
Depyrimidination
(R-HSA-73928)
Developmental biology
(R-HSA-1266738)
Disease
(R-HSA-1643685)
Diseases of programmed cell death
(R-HSA-9645723)
Dna damage/telomere stress induced senescence
(R-HSA-2559586)
Dna double-strand break repair
(R-HSA-5693532)
Dna double strand break response
(R-HSA-5693606)
Dna methylation
(R-HSA-5334118)
Dna repair
(R-HSA-73894)
Dna replication
(R-HSA-69306)
Dna replication pre-initiation
(R-HSA-69002)
Epigenetic regulation by wdr5-containing histone modifying complexes
(R-HSA-9917777)
Epigenetic regulation of gene expression
(R-HSA-212165)
Epigenetic regulation of gene expression by mll3 and mll4 complexes
(R-HSA-9818564)
Ercc6 (csb) and ehmt2 (g9a) positively regulate rrna expression
(R-HSA-427389)
Esr-mediated signaling
(R-HSA-8939211)
Estrogen-dependent gene expression
(R-HSA-9018519)
Formation of the beta-catenin:tcf transactivating complex
(R-HSA-201722)
G2/m checkpoints
(R-HSA-69481)
G2/m dna damage checkpoint
(R-HSA-69473)
Gene expression (transcription)
(R-HSA-74160)
Generic transcription pathway
(R-HSA-212436)
Gene silencing by rna
(R-HSA-211000)
Hdr through homologous recombination (hrr) or single strand annealing (ssa)
(R-HSA-5693567)
Homology directed repair
(R-HSA-5693538)
Inhibition of dna recombination at telomere
(R-HSA-9670095)
Maternal to zygotic transition (mzt)
(R-HSA-9816359)
Meiosis
(R-HSA-1500620)
Meiotic recombination
(R-HSA-912446)
Meiotic synapsis
(R-HSA-1221632)
Metabolism of proteins
(R-HSA-392499)
Mitotic prophase
(R-HSA-68875)
M phase
(R-HSA-68886)
Negative epigenetic regulation of rrna expression
(R-HSA-5250941)
Nonhomologous end-joining (nhej)
(R-HSA-5693571)
Norc negatively regulates rrna expression
(R-HSA-427413)
Nucleosome assembly
(R-HSA-774815)
Oxidative stress induced senescence
(R-HSA-2559580)
Packaging of telomere ends
(R-HSA-171306)
Positive epigenetic regulation of rrna expression
(R-HSA-5250913)
Prc2 methylates histones and dna
(R-HSA-212300)
Pre-notch expression and processing
(R-HSA-1912422)
Pre-notch transcription and translation
(R-HSA-1912408)
Processing of dna double-strand break ends
(R-HSA-5693607)
Recognition and association of dna glycosylase with site containing an affected purine
(R-HSA-110330)
Recognition and association of dna glycosylase with site containing an affected pyrimidine
(R-HSA-110328)
Recruitment and atm-mediated phosphorylation of repair and signaling proteins at dna double strand breaks
(R-HSA-5693565)
Regulation of endogenous retroelements
(R-HSA-9842860)
Regulation of endogenous retroelements by krab-zfp proteins
(R-HSA-9843940)
Regulation of endogenous retroelements by piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas)
(R-HSA-9845323)
Regulation of endogenous retroelements by the human silencing hub (hush) complex
(R-HSA-9843970)
Replacement of protamines by nucleosomes in the male pronucleus
(R-HSA-9821993)
Reproduction
(R-HSA-1474165)
Rho gtpase effectors
(R-HSA-195258)
Rho gtpases activate pkns
(R-HSA-5625740)
Rmts methylate histone arginines
(R-HSA-3214858)
Rna polymerase ii transcription
(R-HSA-73857)
Rna polymerase i promoter clearance
(R-HSA-73854)
Rna polymerase i promoter escape
(R-HSA-73772)
Rna polymerase i promoter opening
(R-HSA-73728)
Rna polymerase i transcription
(R-HSA-73864)
Runx1 regulates genes involved in megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet function
(R-HSA-8936459)
Runx1 regulates transcription of genes involved in differentiation of hscs
(R-HSA-8939236)
Senescence-associated secretory phenotype (sasp)
(R-HSA-2559582)
Signaling by notch
(R-HSA-157118)
Signaling by nuclear receptors
(R-HSA-9006931)
Signaling by rho gtpases
(R-HSA-194315)
Signaling by rho gtpases, miro gtpases and rhobtb3
(R-HSA-9716542)
Signaling by wnt
(R-HSA-195721)
Signal transduction
(R-HSA-162582)
Sirt1 negatively regulates rrna expression
(R-HSA-427359)
Tcf dependent signaling in response to wnt
(R-HSA-201681)
Telomere maintenance
(R-HSA-157579)
Transcriptional regulation by runx1
(R-HSA-8878171)
Transcriptional regulation by small rnas
(R-HSA-5578749)
Transcriptional regulation of granulopoiesis
(R-HSA-9616222)

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
Fold Change: 121.5081
Cell Significance Index: -18.9000
Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
Fold Change: 115.3982
Cell Significance Index: -29.2700
Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
Fold Change: 71.6295
Cell Significance Index: -29.1000
Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
Fold Change: 65.8409
Cell Significance Index: -31.0900
Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
Fold Change: 30.7936
Cell Significance Index: -29.4000
Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
Fold Change: 23.6910
Cell Significance Index: -29.2100
Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
Fold Change: 7.7926
Cell Significance Index: -30.7500
Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
Fold Change: 5.8409
Cell Significance Index: -17.9400
Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
Fold Change: 2.4811
Cell Significance Index: -5.4300
Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
Fold Change: 2.4652
Cell Significance Index: 26.8000
Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
Fold Change: 1.9348
Cell Significance Index: 228.1700
Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
Fold Change: 1.8140
Cell Significance Index: 37.9700
Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
Fold Change: 1.5250
Cell Significance Index: 41.5100
Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
Fold Change: 1.2939
Cell Significance Index: 16.5700
Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
Fold Change: 1.2740
Cell Significance Index: 44.2700
Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
Fold Change: 1.2136
Cell Significance Index: 155.5800
Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
Fold Change: 1.1514
Cell Significance Index: 33.1800
Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
Fold Change: 1.1312
Cell Significance Index: 183.9800
Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
Fold Change: 1.0146
Cell Significance Index: 110.3600
Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
Fold Change: 0.9894
Cell Significance Index: 893.3100
Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
Fold Change: 0.8983
Cell Significance Index: 23.6200
Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
Fold Change: 0.8561
Cell Significance Index: 38.8100
Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
Fold Change: 0.7774
Cell Significance Index: 49.0000
Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
Fold Change: 0.7571
Cell Significance Index: 413.4500
Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
Fold Change: 0.7187
Cell Significance Index: 15.5700
Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
Fold Change: 0.6694
Cell Significance Index: 295.9500
Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
Fold Change: 0.5929
Cell Significance Index: 72.9100
Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
Fold Change: 0.5743
Cell Significance Index: 8.6100
Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
Fold Change: 0.5107
Cell Significance Index: 70.1300
Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
Fold Change: 0.5055
Cell Significance Index: 32.6100
Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
Fold Change: 0.4844
Cell Significance Index: 29.0800
Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
Fold Change: 0.4589
Cell Significance Index: 23.8400
Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
Fold Change: 0.4127
Cell Significance Index: 21.5000
Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
Fold Change: 0.4108
Cell Significance Index: 74.0600
Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
Fold Change: 0.3165
Cell Significance Index: 10.1400
Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
Fold Change: 0.2951
Cell Significance Index: 8.4600
Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
Fold Change: 0.2752
Cell Significance Index: 3.2800
Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
Fold Change: 0.2721
Cell Significance Index: 4.1000
Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
Fold Change: 0.2689
Cell Significance Index: 19.0200
Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
Fold Change: 0.2679
Cell Significance Index: 9.4200
Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
Fold Change: 0.2485
Cell Significance Index: 3.3900
Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
Fold Change: 0.1526
Cell Significance Index: 30.2900
Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
Fold Change: 0.1512
Cell Significance Index: 3.7800
Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
Fold Change: 0.1375
Cell Significance Index: 26.1700
Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
Fold Change: 0.1249
Cell Significance Index: 12.3600
Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
Fold Change: 0.1092
Cell Significance Index: 21.9000
Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
Fold Change: 0.0951
Cell Significance Index: 1.0800
Cell Name: thyroid follicular cell (CL0002258)
Fold Change: 0.0711
Cell Significance Index: 0.7500
Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
Fold Change: 0.0541
Cell Significance Index: 19.4000
Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
Fold Change: 0.0443
Cell Significance Index: 2.0800
Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
Fold Change: 0.0382
Cell Significance Index: 1.0200
Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
Fold Change: 0.0376
Cell Significance Index: 1.0500
Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
Fold Change: 0.0343
Cell Significance Index: 4.4300
Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
Fold Change: 0.0127
Cell Significance Index: 0.2700
Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
Fold Change: 0.0093
Cell Significance Index: 0.6400
Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
Fold Change: -0.0050
Cell Significance Index: -0.1300
Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
Fold Change: -0.0051
Cell Significance Index: -0.2600
Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
Fold Change: -0.0129
Cell Significance Index: -24.2600
Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
Fold Change: -0.0191
Cell Significance Index: -0.3200
Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
Fold Change: -0.0198
Cell Significance Index: -15.0100
Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
Fold Change: -0.0202
Cell Significance Index: -37.2900
Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
Fold Change: -0.0202
Cell Significance Index: -0.8300
Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
Fold Change: -0.0214
Cell Significance Index: -1.2000
Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
Fold Change: -0.0241
Cell Significance Index: -37.0700
Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
Fold Change: -0.0267
Cell Significance Index: -2.7300
Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
Fold Change: -0.0274
Cell Significance Index: -37.2900
Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
Fold Change: -0.0335
Cell Significance Index: -24.5900
Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
Fold Change: -0.0385
Cell Significance Index: -2.8700
Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
Fold Change: -0.0390
Cell Significance Index: -28.8800
Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
Fold Change: -0.0464
Cell Significance Index: -29.4800
Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
Fold Change: -0.0531
Cell Significance Index: -29.9300
Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
Fold Change: -0.0681
Cell Significance Index: -30.8900
Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
Fold Change: -0.0770
Cell Significance Index: -22.1500
Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
Fold Change: -0.1251
Cell Significance Index: -5.8400
Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
Fold Change: -0.1274
Cell Significance Index: -21.7600
Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
Fold Change: -0.1464
Cell Significance Index: -4.3000
Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
Fold Change: -0.1466
Cell Significance Index: -16.8000
Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
Fold Change: -0.1612
Cell Significance Index: -33.9600
Cell Name: cone retinal bipolar cell (CL0000752)
Fold Change: -0.1641
Cell Significance Index: -1.2700
Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
Fold Change: -0.2008
Cell Significance Index: -29.1900
Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
Fold Change: -0.2200
Cell Significance Index: -5.6200
Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
Fold Change: -0.2455
Cell Significance Index: -12.8900
Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
Fold Change: -0.2948
Cell Significance Index: -30.7000
Cell Name: Sertoli cell (CL0000216)
Fold Change: -0.3116
Cell Significance Index: -4.3700
Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
Fold Change: -0.3685
Cell Significance Index: -24.7800
Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
Fold Change: -0.3821
Cell Significance Index: -30.2600
Cell Name: melanocyte of skin (CL1000458)
Fold Change: -0.3831
Cell Significance Index: -5.3700
Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
Fold Change: -0.4125
Cell Significance Index: -31.6600
Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
Fold Change: -0.4162
Cell Significance Index: -7.3600
Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
Fold Change: -0.4816
Cell Significance Index: -4.9900
Cell Name: microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell (CL0008035)
Fold Change: -0.4822
Cell Significance Index: -4.0500
Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
Fold Change: -0.5107
Cell Significance Index: -31.3100
Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
Fold Change: -0.5811
Cell Significance Index: -8.9900
Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
Fold Change: -0.5919
Cell Significance Index: -21.7300
Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
Fold Change: -0.6199
Cell Significance Index: -12.8600
Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
Fold Change: -0.6703
Cell Significance Index: -17.2300
Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
Fold Change: -0.6918
Cell Significance Index: -30.6000
Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
Fold Change: -0.7198
Cell Significance Index: -16.6300
Cell Name: ovarian surface epithelial cell (CL2000064)
Fold Change: -0.7248
Cell Significance Index: -3.5300
Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
Fold Change: -0.7374
Cell Significance Index: -21.7200

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

**Key Characteristics:** H2AX is a highly conserved protein across species, with a high degree of sequence homology to other histone variants. Its unique properties, such as its ability to form a gamma-H2AX phospho-histone, enable it to interact with a range of DNA repair proteins and chromatin-modifying enzymes. The phosphorylation of H2AX at serine 139 (γH2AX) is a critical event in the response to DNA damage, as it recruits repair proteins and activates the DNA damage response. **Pathways and Functions:** H2AX is involved in several key cellular pathways, including: 1. **DNA Double-Strand Break Repair:** H2AX plays a crucial role in the recruitment of repair enzymes, such as ATM and ATR, to sites of DNA damage, facilitating the repair of double-strand breaks. 2. **Chromatin Organization:** H2AX regulates chromatin structure and gene expression, influencing the compaction of chromatin and the recruitment of transcriptional regulators. 3. **Cell Cycle Regulation:** H2AX is involved in the regulation of cell cycle checkpoints, influencing the decision to proceed with DNA replication and cell division. 4. **Stress Response:** H2AX is activated in response to oxidative stress, DNA damage, and other forms of cellular stress, triggering the activation of DNA repair pathways. **Clinical Significance:** Dysregulation of H2AX has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Cancer:** Mutations in H2AX have been linked to increased susceptibility to cancer, as impaired DNA repair can lead to genetic instability and tumor formation. 2. **Neurodegenerative Diseases:** Alterations in H2AX have been observed in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, suggesting a role in the regulation of chromatin structure and gene expression. 3. **Immunological Disorders:** H2AX is involved in the regulation of immune responses, and alterations in its expression have been linked to autoimmune diseases, such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis. In conclusion, H2AX is a critical protein that plays a pivotal role in DNA repair, chromatin regulation, and cell cycle regulation. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, highlighting the importance of H2AX in maintaining genomic stability and promoting cellular homeostasis.

Disclaimer: This summary is generated by an AI language model and may contain inaccuracies or hallucinations. However, it is cross-referenced with curated gene expression data from major biological sources. Please verify the information before use.

Histone H2AX

Genular Protein ID: 576387282

Symbol: H2AX_HUMAN

Name: Histone H2AX

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P16104 Q4ZGJ7 Q6IAS5

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2587254

Title: H2A.X. a histone isoprotein with a conserved C-terminal sequence, is encoded by a novel mRNA with both DNA replication type and polyA 3' processing signals.

PubMed ID: 2587254

DOI: 10.1093/nar/17.22.9113

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 9488723

Title: DNA double-stranded breaks induce histone H2AX phosphorylation on serine 139.

PubMed ID: 9488723

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.10.5858

PubMed ID: 10477747

Title: Megabase chromatin domains involved in DNA double-strand breaks in vivo.

PubMed ID: 10477747

DOI: 10.1083/jcb.146.5.905

PubMed ID: 10959836

Title: A critical role for histone H2AX in recruitment of repair factors to nuclear foci after DNA damage.

PubMed ID: 10959836

DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9822(00)00610-2

PubMed ID: 10734083

Title: Initiation of DNA fragmentation during apoptosis induces phosphorylation of H2AX histone at serine 139.

PubMed ID: 10734083

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.13.9390

PubMed ID: 11673449

Title: Histone H2AX is phosphorylated in an ATR-dependent manner in response to replicational stress.

PubMed ID: 11673449

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c100569200

PubMed ID: 12419185

Title: NBS1 localizes to gamma-H2AX foci through interaction with the FHA/BRCT domain.

PubMed ID: 12419185

DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9822(02)01259-9

PubMed ID: 12697768

Title: Accumulation of checkpoint protein 53BP1 at DNA breaks involves its binding to phosphorylated histone H2AX.

PubMed ID: 12697768

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c300117200

PubMed ID: 12660252

Title: Phosphorylation of histone H2AX and activation of Mre11, Rad50, and Nbs1 in response to replication-dependent DNA double-strand breaks induced by mammalian DNA topoisomerase I cleavage complexes.

PubMed ID: 12660252

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m300198200

PubMed ID: 12607005

Title: MDC1 is a mediator of the mammalian DNA damage checkpoint.

PubMed ID: 12607005

DOI: 10.1038/nature01446

PubMed ID: 14627815

Title: DNA-PK is activated by nucleosomes and phosphorylates H2AX within the nucleosomes in an acetylation-dependent manner.

PubMed ID: 14627815

DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkg921

PubMed ID: 15059890

Title: ATM and DNA-PK function redundantly to phosphorylate H2AX after exposure to ionizing radiation.

PubMed ID: 15059890

DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-03-3207

PubMed ID: 15201865

Title: Mdc1 couples DNA double-strand break recognition by Nbs1 with its H2AX-dependent chromatin retention.

PubMed ID: 15201865

DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600269

PubMed ID: 15489221

Title: Doxorubicin activates ATM-dependent phosphorylation of multiple downstream targets in part through the generation of reactive oxygen species.

PubMed ID: 15489221

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m406879200

PubMed ID: 15613478

Title: Actinomycin D induces histone gamma-H2AX foci and complex formation of gamma-H2AX with Ku70 and nuclear DNA helicase II.

PubMed ID: 15613478

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m411444200

PubMed ID: 16310392

Title: gamma-H2AX dephosphorylation by protein phosphatase 2A facilitates DNA double-strand break repair.

PubMed ID: 16310392

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2005.10.003

PubMed ID: 16820410

Title: Novel function of beta-arrestin2 in the nucleus of mature spermatozoa.

PubMed ID: 16820410

DOI: 10.1242/jcs.03046

PubMed ID: 18001824

Title: RNF8 ubiquitylates histones at DNA double-strand breaks and promotes assembly of repair proteins.

PubMed ID: 18001824

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2007.09.040

PubMed ID: 18001825

Title: RNF8 transduces the DNA-damage signal via histone ubiquitylation and checkpoint protein assembly.

PubMed ID: 18001825

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2007.09.041

PubMed ID: 17709392

Title: DNA damage-dependent acetylation and ubiquitination of H2AX enhances chromatin dynamics.

PubMed ID: 17709392

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00579-07

PubMed ID: 17525332

Title: ATM and ATR substrate analysis reveals extensive protein networks responsive to DNA damage.

PubMed ID: 17525332

DOI: 10.1126/science.1140321

PubMed ID: 19203578

Title: The RIDDLE syndrome protein mediates a ubiquitin-dependent signaling cascade at sites of DNA damage.

PubMed ID: 19203578

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2008.12.042

PubMed ID: 19203579

Title: RNF168 binds and amplifies ubiquitin conjugates on damaged chromosomes to allow accumulation of repair proteins.

PubMed ID: 19203579

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2008.12.041

PubMed ID: 19092802

Title: WSTF regulates the H2A.X DNA damage response via a novel tyrosine kinase activity.

PubMed ID: 19092802

DOI: 10.1038/nature07668

PubMed ID: 19234442

Title: Tyrosine dephosphorylation of H2AX modulates apoptosis and survival decisions.

PubMed ID: 19234442

DOI: 10.1038/nature07849

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 21406692

Title: System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation.

PubMed ID: 21406692

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2001570

PubMed ID: 22980979

Title: RNF168 ubiquitinates K13-15 on H2A/H2AX to drive DNA Damage signaling.

PubMed ID: 22980979

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.08.005

PubMed ID: 24429368

Title: Epstein-Barr virus essential antigen EBNA3C attenuates H2AX expression.

PubMed ID: 24429368

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.03568-13

PubMed ID: 25218447

Title: Uncovering global SUMOylation signaling networks in a site-specific manner.

PubMed ID: 25218447

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.2890

PubMed ID: 26438602

Title: Acetylation of histone H2AX at Lys 5 by the TIP60 histone acetyltransferase complex is essential for the dynamic binding of NBS1 to damaged chromatin.

PubMed ID: 26438602

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00757-15

PubMed ID: 26734725

Title: The proximity ligation assay reveals that at DNA double-strand breaks WRAP53beta associates with gammaH2AX and controls interactions between RNF8 and MDC1.

PubMed ID: 26734725

DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2015.1106675

PubMed ID: 26721387

Title: Hepatoma-derived growth factor-related protein 2 promotes DNA repair by homologous recombination.

PubMed ID: 26721387

DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv1526

PubMed ID: 28112733

Title: Site-specific mapping of the human SUMO proteome reveals co-modification with phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 28112733

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.3366

PubMed ID: 27715493

Title: Phosphorylation of the Cajal body protein WRAP53beta by ATM promotes its involvement in the DNA damage response.

PubMed ID: 27715493

DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2016.1243647

PubMed ID: 31527692

Title: VRK1 functional insufficiency due to alterations in protein stability or kinase activity of human VRK1 pathogenic variants implicated in neuromotor syndromes.

PubMed ID: 31527692

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49821-7

PubMed ID: 35849344

Title: LncRNA CTBP1-DT-encoded microprotein DDUP sustains DNA damage response signalling to trigger dual DNA repair mechanisms.

PubMed ID: 35849344

DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac611

PubMed ID: 22154951

Title: Specific recognition of phosphorylated tail of H2AX by the tandem BRCT domains of MCPH1 revealed by complex structure.

PubMed ID: 22154951

DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2011.11.022

Sequence Information:

Length: 143
Mass: 15145
Checksum: D4683775C2E6C3A9
Sequence:

MSGRGKTGGK ARAKAKSRSS RAGLQFPVGR VHRLLRKGHY AERVGAGAPV YLAAVLEYLT 
AEILELAGNA ARDNKKTRII PRHLQLAIRN DEELNKLLGG VTIAQGGVLP NIQAVLLPKK 
TSATVGPKAP SGGKKATQAS QEY

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.

Details for: H2AX

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

Other Information

H2A.X. a histone isoprotein with a conserved C-terminal sequence, is encoded by a novel mRNA with both DNA replication type and polyA 3' processing signals. PubMed ID: 2587254

The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). PubMed ID: 15489334

DNA double-stranded breaks induce histone H2AX phosphorylation on serine 139. PubMed ID: 9488723

Megabase chromatin domains involved in DNA double-strand breaks in vivo. PubMed ID: 10477747

A critical role for histone H2AX in recruitment of repair factors to nuclear foci after DNA damage. PubMed ID: 10959836

Initiation of DNA fragmentation during apoptosis induces phosphorylation of H2AX histone at serine 139. PubMed ID: 10734083

Histone H2AX is phosphorylated in an ATR-dependent manner in response to replicational stress. PubMed ID: 11673449

NBS1 localizes to gamma-H2AX foci through interaction with the FHA/BRCT domain. PubMed ID: 12419185

Accumulation of checkpoint protein 53BP1 at DNA breaks involves its binding to phosphorylated histone H2AX. PubMed ID: 12697768

Phosphorylation of histone H2AX and activation of Mre11, Rad50, and Nbs1 in response to replication-dependent DNA double-strand breaks induced by mammalian DNA topoisomerase I cleavage complexes. PubMed ID: 12660252

MDC1 is a mediator of the mammalian DNA damage checkpoint. PubMed ID: 12607005

DNA-PK is activated by nucleosomes and phosphorylates H2AX within the nucleosomes in an acetylation-dependent manner. PubMed ID: 14627815

ATM and DNA-PK function redundantly to phosphorylate H2AX after exposure to ionizing radiation. PubMed ID: 15059890

Mdc1 couples DNA double-strand break recognition by Nbs1 with its H2AX-dependent chromatin retention. PubMed ID: 15201865

Doxorubicin activates ATM-dependent phosphorylation of multiple downstream targets in part through the generation of reactive oxygen species. PubMed ID: 15489221

Actinomycin D induces histone gamma-H2AX foci and complex formation of gamma-H2AX with Ku70 and nuclear DNA helicase II. PubMed ID: 15613478

gamma-H2AX dephosphorylation by protein phosphatase 2A facilitates DNA double-strand break repair. PubMed ID: 16310392

Novel function of beta-arrestin2 in the nucleus of mature spermatozoa. PubMed ID: 16820410

RNF8 ubiquitylates histones at DNA double-strand breaks and promotes assembly of repair proteins. PubMed ID: 18001824

RNF8 transduces the DNA-damage signal via histone ubiquitylation and checkpoint protein assembly. PubMed ID: 18001825

DNA damage-dependent acetylation and ubiquitination of H2AX enhances chromatin dynamics. PubMed ID: 17709392

ATM and ATR substrate analysis reveals extensive protein networks responsive to DNA damage. PubMed ID: 17525332

The RIDDLE syndrome protein mediates a ubiquitin-dependent signaling cascade at sites of DNA damage. PubMed ID: 19203578

RNF168 binds and amplifies ubiquitin conjugates on damaged chromosomes to allow accumulation of repair proteins. PubMed ID: 19203579

WSTF regulates the H2A.X DNA damage response via a novel tyrosine kinase activity. PubMed ID: 19092802

Tyrosine dephosphorylation of H2AX modulates apoptosis and survival decisions. PubMed ID: 19234442

Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis. PubMed ID: 20068231

System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation. PubMed ID: 21406692

RNF168 ubiquitinates K13-15 on H2A/H2AX to drive DNA Damage signaling. PubMed ID: 22980979

Epstein-Barr virus essential antigen EBNA3C attenuates H2AX expression. PubMed ID: 24429368

Uncovering global SUMOylation signaling networks in a site-specific manner. PubMed ID: 25218447

Acetylation of histone H2AX at Lys 5 by the TIP60 histone acetyltransferase complex is essential for the dynamic binding of NBS1 to damaged chromatin. PubMed ID: 26438602

The proximity ligation assay reveals that at DNA double-strand breaks WRAP53beta associates with gammaH2AX and controls interactions between RNF8 and MDC1. PubMed ID: 26734725

Hepatoma-derived growth factor-related protein 2 promotes DNA repair by homologous recombination. PubMed ID: 26721387

Site-specific mapping of the human SUMO proteome reveals co-modification with phosphorylation. PubMed ID: 28112733

Phosphorylation of the Cajal body protein WRAP53beta by ATM promotes its involvement in the DNA damage response. PubMed ID: 27715493

VRK1 functional insufficiency due to alterations in protein stability or kinase activity of human VRK1 pathogenic variants implicated in neuromotor syndromes. PubMed ID: 31527692

LncRNA CTBP1-DT-encoded microprotein DDUP sustains DNA damage response signalling to trigger dual DNA repair mechanisms. PubMed ID: 35849344

Specific recognition of phosphorylated tail of H2AX by the tandem BRCT domains of MCPH1 revealed by complex structure. PubMed ID: 22154951