Details for: ITPA

Gene ID: 3704

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: ITPA

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000125877

Description: inosine triphosphatase

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 11.78
    rCSI 14.57%
    PRS 35.42
  • Hofbauer cell CL3000001
    CSI 8.72
    rCSI 16.46%
    PRS 48.7
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 8.51
    rCSI 6.92%
    PRS 40.31
  • large pre-B-II cell CL0000957
    CSI 7.3
    rCSI 20.84%
    PRS 54.14
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 6.12
    rCSI 11.91%
    PRS 41.07
  • erythroid progenitor cell CL0000038
    CSI 4.91
    rCSI 28.16%
    PRS 50.33
  • type B pancreatic cell CL0000169
    CSI 4.37
    rCSI 9.69%
    PRS 36.66
  • hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell CL0000837
    CSI 4.31
    rCSI 10.38%
    PRS 56.46
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 4.18
    rCSI 4.03%
    PRS 39.92
  • lung pericyte CL0009089
    CSI 3.72
    rCSI 9.82%
    PRS 46.24
  • effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001044
    CSI 3.64
    rCSI 10.43%
    PRS 55.86
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 3.64
    rCSI 3.51%
    PRS 30.88
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 3.4
    rCSI 5.12%
    PRS 40.86
  • effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001050
    CSI 3.32
    rCSI 2.52%
    PRS 49.78
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI 3.11
    rCSI 2.34%
    PRS 42.26
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 3.08
    rCSI 6.9%
    PRS 26.1
  • CD4-positive helper T cell CL0000492
    CSI 3.06
    rCSI 2.31%
    PRS 50.81
  • perivascular cell CL4033054
    CSI 2.99
    rCSI 4.09%
    PRS 43.82
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 2.87
    rCSI 4.44%
    PRS 37.43
  • mesenchymal cell CL0008019
    CSI 2.84
    rCSI 7.21%
    PRS 36.31
  • T follicular helper cell CL0002038
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 2.09%
    PRS 53.44
  • epithelial cell CL0000066
    CSI 2.63
    rCSI 4.04%
    PRS 42.92
  • CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell CL0002399
    CSI 2.56
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 46.28
  • rod bipolar cell CL0000751
    CSI 2.54
    rCSI 4.57%
    PRS 33.53
  • fraction A pre-pro B cell CL0002045
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 2.87%
    PRS 62.12
  • myofibroblast cell CL0000186
    CSI 2.49
    rCSI 3.44%
    PRS 45.09
  • interstitial cell of Cajal CL0002088
    CSI 2.44
    rCSI 3.11%
    PRS 44.29
  • central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000907
    CSI 2.44
    rCSI 1.64%
    PRS 48.64
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 2.43
    rCSI 4.87%
    PRS 30.39
  • unswitched memory B cell CL0000970
    CSI 2.37
    rCSI 1.99%
    PRS 56.04
  • double negative thymocyte CL0002489
    CSI 2.33
    rCSI 1.62%
    PRS 47.08
  • enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504
    CSI 2.32
    rCSI 3.31%
    PRS 42.07
  • naive T cell CL0000898
    CSI 2.29
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 51.55
  • vascular associated smooth muscle cell CL0000359
    CSI 2.27
    rCSI 7.35%
    PRS 42.8
  • club cell CL0000158
    CSI 2.26
    rCSI 3.32%
    PRS 39.76
  • elicited macrophage CL0000861
    CSI 2.26
    rCSI 2.07%
    PRS 46.12
  • ciliated cell CL0000064
    CSI 2.23
    rCSI 3.61%
    PRS 38.24
  • mature alpha-beta T cell CL0000791
    CSI 2.18
    rCSI 7.9%
    PRS 58.07
  • CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000792
    CSI 2.17
    rCSI 2.13%
    PRS 53.97
  • goblet cell CL0000160
    CSI 2.12
    rCSI 2.01%
    PRS 40.48
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 36.2
  • lung macrophage CL1001603
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 4.68%
    PRS 45.33
  • paneth cell CL0000510
    CSI 2.08
    rCSI 3.07%
    PRS 56.24
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 2.07
    rCSI 3.65%
    PRS 24.62
  • inflammatory macrophage CL0000863
    CSI 2.06
    rCSI 3.52%
    PRS 65.29
  • hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037
    CSI 2.06
    rCSI 1.37%
    PRS 43.38
  • central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000904
    CSI 2.05
    rCSI 1.21%
    PRS 53.07
  • cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron CL0010011
    CSI 2.03
    rCSI 5.98%
    PRS 43.59
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 2.02
    rCSI 3.21%
    PRS 33.37
  • plasmablast CL0000980
    CSI 2.01
    rCSI 1.58%
    PRS 45.23
  • precursor B cell CL0000817
    CSI 1.94
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 48.68
  • respiratory basal cell CL0002633
    CSI 1.94
    rCSI 2.01%
    PRS 44.8
  • blood vessel smooth muscle cell CL0019018
    CSI 1.92
    rCSI 15.64%
    PRS 35.01
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 1.92
    rCSI 2.31%
    PRS 37.63
  • kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage CL1000695
    CSI 1.91
    rCSI 4.99%
    PRS 38.5
  • luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002326
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 3.45%
    PRS 55.1
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 3.19%
    PRS 25.55
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, terminally differentiated CL0001062
    CSI 1.87
    rCSI 9.38%
    PRS 49.61
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 1.86
    rCSI 1.94%
    PRS 39.93
  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 1.86
    rCSI 1.44%
    PRS 39.43
  • Kupffer cell CL0000091
    CSI 1.82
    rCSI 4.16%
    PRS 38.88
  • IgA plasma cell CL0000987
    CSI 1.81
    rCSI 1.85%
    PRS 57.87
  • mature B cell CL0000785
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 1.56%
    PRS 47.66
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 1.79
    rCSI 6.69%
    PRS 33.54
  • immature B cell CL0000816
    CSI 1.78
    rCSI 1.32%
    PRS 51.84
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 1.78
    rCSI 1.41%
    PRS 28.39
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 1.74
    rCSI 2.46%
    PRS 36.82
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 1.74
    rCSI 1.53%
    PRS 44.11
  • pancreatic A cell CL0000171
    CSI 1.73
    rCSI 1.82%
    PRS 41.71
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 1.73
    rCSI 2.84%
    PRS 31.22
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI 1.72
    rCSI 3.01%
    PRS 32.49
  • hematopoietic precursor cell CL0008001
    CSI 1.68
    rCSI 1.73%
    PRS 56.48
  • plasmacytoid dendritic cell, human CL0001058
    CSI 1.66
    rCSI 1.16%
    PRS 41.04
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 1.65
    rCSI 2.63%
    PRS 42.6
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 1.57
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 38.56
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 1.57
    rCSI 1.64%
    PRS 39.28
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 1.56
    rCSI 1.37%
    PRS 29.7
  • mesenchymal stem cell CL0000134
    CSI 1.56
    rCSI 17.03%
    PRS 56.39
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 1.54
    rCSI 1.92%
    PRS 41.89
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 1.53
    rCSI 1.77%
    PRS 34.45
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 1.52
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 44.45
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000934
    CSI 1.51
    rCSI 2.08%
    PRS 59.74
  • skin fibroblast CL0002620
    CSI 1.51
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 48.73
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 1.51
    rCSI 2%
    PRS 43.59
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 1.51
    rCSI 1.87%
    PRS 24.21
  • CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002397
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 1.96%
    PRS 52.07
  • mucus secreting cell CL0000319
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.38%
    PRS 49.1
  • acinar cell CL0000622
    CSI 1.48
    rCSI 2.18%
    PRS 49.88
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 1.46
    rCSI 1.21%
    PRS 40.12
  • renal beta-intercalated cell CL0002201
    CSI 1.44
    rCSI 3.44%
    PRS 42.02
  • ionocyte CL0005006
    CSI 1.42
    rCSI 1.52%
    PRS 37.25
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 1.42
    rCSI 2.17%
    PRS 39.84
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 1.41
    rCSI 1.48%
    PRS 36.89
  • retinal rod cell CL0000604
    CSI 1.41
    rCSI 2.48%
    PRS 38.19
  • M cell of gut CL0000682
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.49%
    PRS 54.85
  • common dendritic progenitor CL0001029
    CSI 1.39
    rCSI 1.75%
    PRS 48.36
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 1.38
    rCSI 2.23%
    PRS 31.2
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 1.38
    rCSI 1.77%
    PRS 43.86
  • radial glial cell CL0000681
    CSI 1.38
    rCSI 1.91%
    PRS 39.1
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 1.36
    rCSI 1.75%
    PRS 26.42
  • pluripotent stem cell CL0002248
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 5.3%
    PRS 64.5%
  • acinar cell of salivary gland CL0002623
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 4.3%
    PRS 62.3%
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 31.1%
  • ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002145
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 38.3%
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 24.5%
  • primitive red blood cell CL0002355
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 54.5%
  • endothelial cell of placenta CL0009092
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 50.4%
  • colon macrophage CL0009038
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 62.4%
  • tracheobronchial serous cell CL0019001
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 56.2%
  • pancreatic stellate cell CL0002410
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 50.5%
  • podocyte CL0000653
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 38.0%
  • microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell CL0008035
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 41.9%
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 24.8%
  • forebrain radial glial cell CL0013000
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 47.6%
  • myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000839
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 63.4%
  • transit amplifying cell of small intestine CL0009012
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 59.2%
  • transit amplifying cell CL0009010
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 55.4%
  • pancreatic epsilon cell CL0005019
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 63.2%
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine CL0009017
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 48.1%
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive CL0001203
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 37.2%
  • Cajal-Retzius cell CL0000695
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 5.7%
    PRS 57.2%
  • basal cell of epidermis CL0002187
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 25.2%
  • keratocyte CL0002363
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 49.9%
  • lung neuroendocrine cell CL1000223
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 43.9%
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of colon CL0009043
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 5.9%
    PRS 59.8%
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 33.8%
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 26.6%
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 37.8%
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 25.5%
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 30.4%
  • erythroid lineage cell CL0000764
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 6.0%
    PRS 62.1%
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 37.5%
  • glioblast CL0000030
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 34.0%
  • foveolar cell of stomach CL0002179
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 54.3%
  • mammary gland epithelial cell CL0002327
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 55.2%
  • respiratory hillock cell CL4030023
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 55.2%
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 40.3%
  • paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine CL1000343
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 54.1%
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 42.1%
  • enteroendocrine cell CL0000164
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 42.0%
  • type L enteroendocrine cell CL0002279
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 59.5%
  • kidney epithelial cell CL0002518
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 62.4%
  • promyelocyte CL0000836
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 49.3%
  • promonocyte CL0000559
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 48.4%
  • colon goblet cell CL0009039
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 51.8%
  • pulmonary ionocyte CL0017000
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 46.5%
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 43.1%
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 43.1%
  • keratinocyte CL0000312
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 44.4%
  • thymocyte CL0000893
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 76.4%
  • syncytiotrophoblast cell CL0000525
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 57.4%
  • mucous neck cell CL0000651
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 53.0%
  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 39.8%
  • Langerhans cell CL0000453
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 56.8%
  • deuterosomal cell CL4033044
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 49.9%
  • alternatively activated macrophage CL0000890
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 52.5%
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 34.1%
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 45.7%
  • neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 37.5%
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 37.9%
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 40.4%
  • glandular epithelial cell CL0000150
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 62.4%
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 37.9%
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 26.4%
  • radial glial cell CL0000681
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 39.1%
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 43.9%
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 31.2%
  • common dendritic progenitor CL0001029
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 48.4%
  • M cell of gut CL0000682
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 54.9%
  • retinal rod cell CL0000604
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 38.2%
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 36.9%
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 39.8%
  • ionocyte CL0005006
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 37.3%
  • renal beta-intercalated cell CL0002201
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 42.0%
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 40.1%
  • acinar cell CL0000622
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 49.9%
  • mucus secreting cell CL0000319
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 49.1%
  • CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002397
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 52.1%
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 24.2%
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 43.6%
  • skin fibroblast CL0002620
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 48.7%
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000934
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 59.7%
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 44.5%
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 34.5%
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 41.9%
  • mesenchymal stem cell CL0000134
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 17.0%
    PRS 56.4%
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 29.7%
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 39.3%
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 38.6%
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 42.6%
  • plasmacytoid dendritic cell, human CL0001058
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 41.0%
  • hematopoietic precursor cell CL0008001
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 56.5%
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 32.5%
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 31.2%
  • pancreatic A cell CL0000171
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 41.7%
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 44.1%
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 36.8%
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 28.4%
  • immature B cell CL0000816
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 51.8%
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 6.7%
    PRS 33.5%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [ITPA](/details-gene/3704) (Inosine Triphosphatase) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 20p13 that encodes a pyrophosphatase enzyme. This enzyme plays a crucial role in nucleotide metabolism by hydrolyzing inosine triphosphate (ITP) and other non-canonical purine nucleoside triphosphates. This function serves as a "house-cleaning" mechanism to prevent the incorporation of these non-standard nucleotides into DNA and RNA, thereby maintaining genomic and transcriptomic fidelity. Clinically, recessive mutations in [ITPA](/details-gene/3704) are associated with an early infantile encephalopathy ([OMIM [147520](https://omim.org/entry/147520)]), as documented in a study by Kevelam et al. ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.24496)). The gene shows significant expression in a wide range of highly proliferative and metabolically active cells, including trophoblasts, hematopoietic progenitors, and immune cells. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape **Overall**, the expression profile of [ITPA](/details-gene/3704) suggests a fundamental role in cellular metabolism rather than serving as a specific lineage marker for a single cell type. Its significance is highest in cells characterized by rapid proliferation, high metabolic turnover, or specialized secretory functions. The most significant expression is observed in placental cells, including [extravillous trophoblast](/details-cell/CL0008036) (CSI: 11.78) and [Hofbauer cells](/details-cell/CL3000001) (CSI: 8.72), which are placental macrophages. This is consistent with a critical role in managing the high metabolic demands and rapid cell division inherent to placental and fetal development. High significance is also noted in various progenitor and stem cell populations. These include [large pre-B-II cells](/details-cell/CL0000957), [erythroid progenitor cells](/details-cell/CL0000038), and [hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cells](/details-cell/CL0000837), highlighting its importance in sanitizing the nucleotide pool during hematopoiesis. Its expression in [stem cells](/details-cell/CL0000034) further supports its role in maintaining genomic integrity in self-renewing populations. Furthermore, [ITPA](/details-gene/3704) is significantly expressed in various immune cells, such as [effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cells](/details-cell/CL0001044), [intermediate monocytes](/details-cell/CL0002393), and [group 3 innate lymphoid cells](/details-cell/CL0001071). This suggests that proper nucleotide metabolism managed by [ITPA](/details-gene/3704) is necessary for mounting an effective immune response, which involves clonal expansion and high metabolic activity. Other notable cell types include [bronchus fibroblasts of lung](/details-cell/CL2000093) and [pancreatic ductal cells](/details-cell/CL0002079), indicating its broad importance across different tissues. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The function of [ITPA](/details-gene/3704) is primarily centered on nucleotide catabolism, which is reflected in its associated gene ontology terms and Reactome pathways. **Molecular Function:** The protein product of [ITPA](/details-gene/3704) exhibits several enzymatic activities, chiefly nucleoside triphosphate diphosphatase activity ([GO:0047429](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0047429)). This includes specific activity towards inosine triphosphate ([ITP diphosphatase activity](/details-go/GO:0036220)), deoxyinosine triphosphate ([dITP diphosphatase activity](/details-go/GO:0035870)), and xanthosine triphosphate ([XTP diphosphatase activity](/details-go/GO:0036222)). Its ability to bind metal ions ([GO:0046872](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0046872)) is critical for its catalytic function. **Biological Process:** [ITPA](/details-gene/3704) is a key participant in the [nucleoside triphosphate catabolic process](/details-go/GO:0009143), specifically the [ITP catabolic process](/details-go/GO:0006193). By degrading ITP and dITP, it prevents their misincorporation into RNA and DNA, respectively, a function critical for processes like [chromosome organization](/details-go/GO:0051276). **Reactome Pathways:** The gene's role is well-contextualized within broader metabolic networks, including [Metabolism](/content/detail/R-HSA-1430728), [Metabolism of nucleotides](/content/detail/R-HSA-15869), and specifically [Purine catabolism](/content/detail/R-HSA-74259). Its involvement in [Drug ADME](/content/detail/R-HSA-9748784) pathways, such as [Ribavirin ADME](/content/detail/R-HSA-9755088), underscores its clinical relevance in pharmacogenomics, as ITPA activity can influence the metabolism and toxicity of purine analog drugs. ## Research Directions The widespread expression of [ITPA](/details-gene/3704) in metabolically active cells and its association with severe neurological disease when deficient provides several avenues for future research. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its high expression in [extravillous trophoblasts](/details-cell/CL0008036) and [Hofbauer cells](/details-cell/CL3000001), [ITPA](/details-gene/3704) is essential for maintaining placental integrity and function. Its deficiency may lead to an accumulation of non-canonical nucleotides, triggering DNA damage responses and cellular stress that contribute to placental insufficiency or other developmental defects. 2. The expression of [ITPA](/details-gene/3704) in progenitor cells, including [erythroid](/details-cell/CL0000038) and [hematopoietic multipotent progenitors](/details-cell/CL0000837), suggests it acts as a gatekeeper for genomic stability during differentiation. Loss of ITPA function could lead to replication stress and impaired lineage commitment, potentially contributing to the pathology of certain anemias or bone marrow failure syndromes. 3. The link between [ITPA](/details-gene/3704) mutations and infantile encephalopathy ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.24496)), despite the absence of neuronal cells in its top expression list, suggests that even basal levels of ITPA are non-redundant and critically required for the long-term survival and function of post-mitotic neurons, possibly by preventing RNA-level errors or metabolic stress. **Key Experiment:** To test the hypothesis that [ITPA](/details-gene/3704) is a critical regulator of hematopoietic differentiation (Hypothesis 2), a targeted knockout could be generated in human CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) using CRISPR-Cas9. Control and knockout HSPCs would be cultured in vitro under differentiation-promoting conditions for erythroid, myeloid, and lymphoid lineages. The primary readouts would include: * **Flow cytometry** to quantify the efficiency of differentiation into mature cell types (e.g., CD71/CD235a for erythroid, CD14/CD15 for myeloid). * **Immunofluorescence microscopy** to assess levels of DNA damage markers, such as gamma-H2AX foci, in progenitor populations. * **Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)** to directly measure the intracellular accumulation of non-canonical nucleotides like ITP and dITP in ITPA-deficient cells. **Therapeutic Potential:** As loss-of-function mutations in [ITPA](/details-gene/3704) cause severe disease, the gene itself is not a target for inhibition. Instead, therapeutic strategies would likely focus on restoring function, potentially through gene therapy for congenital deficiencies, though this remains highly speculative. Conversely, in oncology, inhibiting [ITPA](/details-gene/3704) could be explored as a strategy to sensitize cancer cells to purine analog-based chemotherapies. By preventing the breakdown of active drug metabolites, ITPA inhibition might enhance the therapeutic index of such agents. As an intracellular enzyme, it would be most amenable to targeting with small molecule inhibitors.

Genular Protein ID: 1569053125

Symbol: ITPA_HUMAN

Name: Putative oncogene protein hlc14-06-p

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11278832

Title: Cloning, expression, and characterization of a human inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase encoded by the ITPA gene.

PubMed ID: 11278832

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m011084200

PubMed ID: 11780052

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20.

PubMed ID: 11780052

DOI: 10.1038/414865a

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 17090528

Title: Substrate specificity of RdgB protein, a deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase.

PubMed ID: 17090528

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m608708200

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 26224535

Title: Recessive ITPA mutations cause an early infantile encephalopathy.

PubMed ID: 26224535

DOI: 10.1002/ana.24496

PubMed ID: 17077483

Title: Structure of the orthorhombic form of human inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase.

PubMed ID: 17077483

DOI: 10.1107/s1744309106041790

PubMed ID: 17138556

Title: Crystal structure of human inosine triphosphatase. Substrate binding and implication of the inosine triphosphatase deficiency mutation P32T.

PubMed ID: 17138556

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m609838200

PubMed ID: 12384777

Title: Genetic basis of inosine triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase deficiency.

PubMed ID: 12384777

DOI: 10.1007/s00439-002-0798-z

PubMed ID: 12436200

Title: DNA polymorphisms in ITPA including basis of inosine triphosphatase deficiency.

PubMed ID: 12436200

DOI: 10.1007/s100380200095

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 194
  • Mass: 21446
  • Checksum: F0EC6A523722DF05
  • Sequence:
  • MAASLVGKKI VFVTGNAKKL EEVVQILGDK FPCTLVAQKI DLPEYQGEPD EISIQKCQEA 
    VRQVQGPVLV EDTCLCFNAL GGLPGPYIKW FLEKLKPEGL HQLLAGFEDK SAYALCTFAL 
    STGDPSQPVR LFRGRTSGRI VAPRGCQDFG WDPCFQPDGY EQTYAEMPKA EKNAVSHRFR 
    ALLELQEYFG SLAA

Genular Protein ID: 2235929170

Symbol: Q8WWI0_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 110
  • Mass: 11996
  • Checksum: 1E41DE21E529CF9D
  • Sequence:
  • MRSARLHSAP GTQASPCACS GAGPRAGSWH PEAARTLAGT PAFSLMDMSR RTQRCLRRRR 
    TLSPIASGPC WSCRSTLAVW QLDFCSWRRP LRPGIWGGLA QNLPHRAGTP

Genular Protein ID: 25735896

Symbol: A0A0S2Z423_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 26871637

Title: Widespread Expansion of Protein Interaction Capabilities by Alternative Splicing.

PubMed ID: 26871637

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.01.029

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 153
  • Mass: 16833
  • Checksum: DDC0D289C0158A76
  • Sequence:
  • MAASLVGKKI VFVTGNAKKL EEVQGPVLVE DTCLCFNALG GLPGPYIKWF LEKLKPEGLH 
    QLLAGFEDKS AYALCTFALS TGDPSQPVRL FRGRTSGRIV APRGCQDFGW DPCFQPDGYE 
    QTYAEMPKAE KNAVSHRFRA LLELQEYFGS LAA