Details for: LGALS3

Gene ID: 3958

Symbol: LGALS3

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000131981

Description: galectin 3

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 471.6956
    Cell Significance Index: -73.3700
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 401.3509
    Cell Significance Index: -101.8000
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 267.7525
    Cell Significance Index: -110.3000
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 211.6399
    Cell Significance Index: -99.9200
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 201.5226
    Cell Significance Index: -81.8700
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 184.9975
    Cell Significance Index: -95.1600
  • Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
    Fold Change: 149.6672
    Cell Significance Index: -100.4300
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 87.2486
    Cell Significance Index: -83.3000
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 62.1515
    Cell Significance Index: -76.6300
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 25.7257
    Cell Significance Index: -101.5200
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 22.6925
    Cell Significance Index: -60.7900
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 21.6738
    Cell Significance Index: -66.5700
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 18.2606
    Cell Significance Index: -39.9700
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 8.7125
    Cell Significance Index: 161.0300
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 7.5322
    Cell Significance Index: 215.9200
  • Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
    Fold Change: 7.0790
    Cell Significance Index: 125.1000
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: 5.9082
    Cell Significance Index: 67.1200
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 5.8944
    Cell Significance Index: 809.4600
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 5.8160
    Cell Significance Index: 273.3500
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: 5.5849
    Cell Significance Index: 129.0300
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 5.3631
    Cell Significance Index: 49.3900
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 4.4598
    Cell Significance Index: 130.9800
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 3.9357
    Cell Significance Index: 508.4700
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 3.9319
    Cell Significance Index: 293.0400
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 3.4550
    Cell Significance Index: 1886.8800
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 3.4382
    Cell Significance Index: 155.8400
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 3.3781
    Cell Significance Index: 91.9500
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: 3.2454
    Cell Significance Index: 48.6300
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 2.8110
    Cell Significance Index: 1242.7900
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 2.7582
    Cell Significance Index: 128.6000
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 2.7519
    Cell Significance Index: 496.0900
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 2.6028
    Cell Significance Index: 56.3900
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 2.2991
    Cell Significance Index: 57.4700
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 2.1866
    Cell Significance Index: 113.5900
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 2.0991
    Cell Significance Index: 258.1000
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 2.0779
    Cell Significance Index: 266.3800
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 1.6685
    Cell Significance Index: 165.0500
  • Cell Name: luminal hormone-sensing cell of mammary gland (CL4033058)
    Fold Change: 1.5762
    Cell Significance Index: 9.7000
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 1.5122
    Cell Significance Index: 1365.4000
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 1.4909
    Cell Significance Index: 39.8100
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.9641
    Cell Significance Index: 9.9800
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.8665
    Cell Significance Index: 61.2800
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.7493
    Cell Significance Index: 21.5900
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: 0.6902
    Cell Significance Index: 13.4700
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: 0.6406
    Cell Significance Index: 32.3700
  • Cell Name: extravillous trophoblast (CL0008036)
    Fold Change: 0.6389
    Cell Significance Index: 3.9700
  • Cell Name: columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell (CL0000075)
    Fold Change: 0.5223
    Cell Significance Index: 2.0000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.4242
    Cell Significance Index: 72.4300
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.3477
    Cell Significance Index: 263.1500
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.3265
    Cell Significance Index: 62.1400
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: 0.0290
    Cell Significance Index: 21.2400
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.0157
    Cell Significance Index: 1.6000
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.0125
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4000
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0145
    Cell Significance Index: -22.2500
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0200
    Cell Significance Index: -37.7000
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0378
    Cell Significance Index: -51.4600
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0477
    Cell Significance Index: -88.0100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0726
    Cell Significance Index: -53.7700
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0933
    Cell Significance Index: -59.2500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.1142
    Cell Significance Index: -71.3200
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: -0.1187
    Cell Significance Index: -82.0700
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.1507
    Cell Significance Index: -84.9900
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: -0.1805
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5700
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.1809
    Cell Significance Index: -82.1100
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.1928
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6300
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.2096
    Cell Significance Index: -41.6000
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.2794
    Cell Significance Index: -100.2200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.2822
    Cell Significance Index: -32.3300
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.2898
    Cell Significance Index: -83.3900
  • Cell Name: salivary gland glandular cell (CL1001596)
    Fold Change: -0.3396
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8900
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of urethra (CL1000296)
    Fold Change: -0.3506
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.3530
    Cell Significance Index: -74.3500
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.3545
    Cell Significance Index: -51.5300
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.4371
    Cell Significance Index: -50.9400
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.4405
    Cell Significance Index: -15.4800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.4463
    Cell Significance Index: -50.9500
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.4716
    Cell Significance Index: -94.6000
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.5076
    Cell Significance Index: -14.1900
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.7036
    Cell Significance Index: -82.9800
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.7919
    Cell Significance Index: -41.2500
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.8399
    Cell Significance Index: -66.5200
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.8436
    Cell Significance Index: -64.7400
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.9576
    Cell Significance Index: -99.7100
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: -0.9895
    Cell Significance Index: -68.4300
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -1.1511
    Cell Significance Index: -47.1700
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -1.2437
    Cell Significance Index: -76.2500
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -1.3668
    Cell Significance Index: -35.9400
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -1.4282
    Cell Significance Index: -92.1400
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -1.5710
    Cell Significance Index: -33.4600
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -1.5990
    Cell Significance Index: -98.2800
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -1.6133
    Cell Significance Index: -101.6800
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -1.6136
    Cell Significance Index: -108.5000
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -1.6356
    Cell Significance Index: -34.2400
  • Cell Name: microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell (CL0008035)
    Fold Change: -1.6703
    Cell Significance Index: -14.0300
  • Cell Name: seromucus secreting cell (CL0000159)
    Fold Change: -1.9951
    Cell Significance Index: -41.6100
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -2.0357
    Cell Significance Index: -114.2400
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -2.0570
    Cell Significance Index: -34.4300
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -2.1227
    Cell Significance Index: -111.4500
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -2.1918
    Cell Significance Index: -80.4600
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -2.2221
    Cell Significance Index: -65.4500

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** Galectin-3 is a 30-kDa protein that belongs to the galectin family, which is characterized by its ability to bind to carbohydrate moieties. Galectin-3 is expressed in a wide range of tissues and cell types, including immune cells, epithelial cells, and fibroblasts. This protein is secreted from cells and can bind to various ligands, including glycoproteins, glycolipids, and other galectins. Galectin-3 is known to be involved in several biological processes, including immune response, cell differentiation, and tissue remodeling. **Pathways and Functions** Galectin-3 is involved in numerous signaling pathways that regulate cell behavior, survival, and function. Some of the key pathways and functions of galectin-3 include: * Immune response: Galectin-3 is involved in the regulation of immune cell function, including the activation of T cells, B cells, and macrophages. * Cell differentiation: Galectin-3 is involved in the regulation of cell differentiation, including the differentiation of epithelial cells, immune cells, and stem cells. * Tissue remodeling: Galectin-3 is involved in the regulation of tissue remodeling, including the degradation of extracellular matrix and the regulation of cell migration. * Apoptosis: Galectin-3 is involved in the regulation of apoptosis, including the inhibition of apoptosis in immune cells and the promotion of apoptosis in cancer cells. **Clinical Significance** Galectin-3 has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and autoimmune disorders. Some of the key clinical implications of galectin-3 include: * Cancer: Galectin-3 is overexpressed in various types of cancer, including breast cancer, lung cancer, and colon cancer. Galectin-3 is involved in the regulation of cancer cell proliferation, survival, and metastasis. * Cardiovascular disease: Galectin-3 is involved in the regulation of cardiovascular disease, including the development of cardiac fibrosis and the promotion of cardiac remodeling. * Autoimmune disorders: Galectin-3 is involved in the regulation of autoimmune disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. * Inflammatory disorders: Galectin-3 is involved in the regulation of inflammatory disorders, including asthma and rheumatoid arthritis. In conclusion, galectin-3 is a multifaceted protein that plays a crucial role in various biological processes, including immune response, cell differentiation, and tissue remodeling. Its clinical significance is evident in various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disorders, and inflammatory disorders. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of galectin-3 and its implications in human disease. **References** 1. Zou et al. (2010). Galectin-3 and galectin-1: two galectins with distinct functions and roles in health and disease. Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 87(4), 533-543. 2. Yamamoto et al. (2013). Galectin-3 and its role in cancer. Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, 139(10), 1615-1625. 3. Matsuno et al. (2015). Galectin-3 and its involvement in cardiovascular disease. Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine, 16(10), 571-581. 4. Lee et al. (2017). Galectin-3 and its role in autoimmune disorders. Journal of Autoimmune Diseases, 2017, 1-11.

Genular Protein ID: 123982098

Symbol: LEG3_HUMAN

Name: Galectin-3

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2261464

Title: Human IgE-binding protein: a soluble lectin exhibiting a highly conserved interspecies sequence and differential recognition of IgE glycoforms.

PubMed ID: 2261464

DOI: 10.1021/bi00487a015

PubMed ID: 2402511

Title: Molecular cloning of a human macrophage lectin specific for galactose.

PubMed ID: 2402511

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.87.18.7324

PubMed ID: 2022338

Title: Human breast carcinoma cDNA encoding a galactoside-binding lectin homologous to mouse Mac-2 antigen.

PubMed ID: 2022338

DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(91)90139-3

PubMed ID: 2009535

Title: Molecular cloning and chromosomal mapping of a human galactoside-binding protein.

PubMed ID: 2009535

PubMed ID: 7682704

Title: Decreased expression of Mac-2 (carbohydrate binding protein 35) and loss of its nuclear localization are associated with the neoplastic progression of colon carcinoma.

PubMed ID: 7682704

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.90.8.3466

PubMed ID: 9439577

Title: The human LGALS3 (galectin-3) gene: determination of the gene structure and functional characterization of the promoter.

PubMed ID: 9439577

DOI: 10.1006/abbi.1997.0447

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 12508121

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 14.

PubMed ID: 12508121

DOI: 10.1038/nature01348

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 8253806

Title: L-29, a soluble lactose-binding lectin, is phosphorylated on serine 6 and serine 12 in vivo and by casein kinase I.

PubMed ID: 8253806

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)74371-3

PubMed ID: 9501082

Title: Mac-2 binding protein is a cell-adhesive protein of the extracellular matrix which self-assembles into ring-like structures and binds beta1 integrins, collagens and fibronectin.

PubMed ID: 9501082

DOI: 10.1093/emboj/17.6.1606

PubMed ID: 15181153

Title: NG2 proteoglycan promotes endothelial cell motility and angiogenesis via engagement of galectin-3 and alpha3beta1 integrin.

PubMed ID: 15181153

DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e04-03-0236

PubMed ID: 19594635

Title: The regulation of inflammation by galectin-3.

PubMed ID: 19594635

DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.2009.00794.x

PubMed ID: 19497882

Title: A primate subfamily of galectins expressed at the maternal-fetal interface that promote immune cell death.

PubMed ID: 19497882

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0903568106

PubMed ID: 19616076

Title: Dynamics of galectin-3 in the nucleus and cytoplasm.

PubMed ID: 19616076

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2009.07.005

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 24945728

Title: Modulation of CD6 function through interaction with galectin-1 and -3.

PubMed ID: 24945728

DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.05.064

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 27693506

Title: TRIMs and Galectins Globally Cooperate and TRIM16 and Galectin-3 Co-direct Autophagy in Endomembrane Damage Homeostasis.

PubMed ID: 27693506

DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2016.08.003

PubMed ID: 32272059

Title: A Translocation Pathway for Vesicle-Mediated Unconventional Protein Secretion.

PubMed ID: 32272059

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.031

PubMed ID: 9582341

Title: X-ray crystal structure of the human galectin-3 carbohydrate recognition domain at 2.1-A resolution.

PubMed ID: 9582341

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.21.13047

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 250
  • Mass: 26152
  • Checksum: C49DDF6D67AE0C88
  • Sequence:
  • MADNFSLHDA LSGSGNPNPQ GWPGAWGNQP AGAGGYPGAS YPGAYPGQAP PGAYPGQAPP 
    GAYPGAPGAY PGAPAPGVYP GPPSGPGAYP SSGQPSATGA YPATGPYGAP AGPLIVPYNL 
    PLPGGVVPRM LITILGTVKP NANRIALDFQ RGNDVAFHFN PRFNENNRRV IVCNTKLDNN 
    WGREERQSVF PFESGKPFKI QVLVEPDHFK VAVNDAHLLQ YNHRVKKLNE ISKLGISGDI 
    DLTSASYTMI

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.