Details for: SMAD1

Gene ID: 4086

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: SMAD1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000170365

Description: SMAD family member 1

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • regulatory T cell CL0000815
    CSI 30.25
    rCSI 35.07%
    PRS 84.73
  • conventional dendritic cell CL0000990
    CSI 26.55
    rCSI 22.16%
    PRS 84.69
  • basal cell of epidermis CL0002187
    CSI 23.95
    rCSI 42.45%
    PRS 59.76
  • innate lymphoid cell CL0001065
    CSI 23.7
    rCSI 48.94%
    PRS 83.85
  • helper T cell CL0000912
    CSI 22.06
    rCSI 31.2%
    PRS 85.39
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive CL0001203
    CSI 21.45
    rCSI 25.99%
    PRS 69.75
  • melanocyte of skin CL1000458
    CSI 19.87
    rCSI 27.08%
    PRS 59.11
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 18.2
    rCSI 28.95%
    PRS 83.97
  • suprabasal keratinocyte CL4033013
    CSI 17.42
    rCSI 28.44%
    PRS 59.36
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 16.66
    rCSI 13.8%
    PRS 90.76
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 13.91
    rCSI 12.23%
    PRS 80.18
  • mast cell CL0000097
    CSI 12.31
    rCSI 26.57%
    PRS 88.59
  • endothelial cell of placenta CL0009092
    CSI 9.92
    rCSI 48.9%
    PRS 93.23
  • lung endothelial cell CL1001567
    CSI 8.79
    rCSI 20.49%
    PRS 95.16
  • blood vessel endothelial cell CL0000071
    CSI 8.19
    rCSI 17%
    PRS 87.18
  • small pre-B-II cell CL0000954
    CSI 7.01
    rCSI 6.74%
    PRS 96.19
  • endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel CL0002138
    CSI 6.9
    rCSI 13.68%
    PRS 91.05
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 6.68
    rCSI 8.02%
    PRS 87.78
  • cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008
    CSI 6.33
    rCSI 25.56%
    PRS 89.67
  • radial glial cell CL0000681
    CSI 6.11
    rCSI 8.49%
    PRS 87.54
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 5.75
    rCSI 6%
    PRS 87.98
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 5.53
    rCSI 5.8%
    PRS 86.56
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 5.39
    rCSI 12.09%
    PRS 75.62
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 5.21
    rCSI 10.46%
    PRS 82.38
  • Kupffer cell CL0000091
    CSI 5.19
    rCSI 11.88%
    PRS 89.93
  • glioblast CL0000030
    CSI 5.18
    rCSI 8.27%
    PRS 81.38
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 4.97
    rCSI 8.6%
    PRS 83.2
  • immature B cell CL0000816
    CSI 4.95
    rCSI 3.68%
    PRS 95.31
  • pulmonary artery endothelial cell CL1001568
    CSI 4.81
    rCSI 6.54%
    PRS 93.86
  • ionocyte CL0005006
    CSI 4.78
    rCSI 5.13%
    PRS 90.58
  • ependymal cell CL0000065
    CSI 4.72
    rCSI 9.58%
    PRS 70.75
  • cytotoxic T cell CL0000910
    CSI 4.69
    rCSI 26.89%
    PRS 88.76
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 4.68
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 81.32
  • neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031
    CSI 4.56
    rCSI 5.85%
    PRS 85.61
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 4.44
    rCSI 6.3%
    PRS 86.5
  • retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748
    CSI 4.37
    rCSI 8.18%
    PRS 79.93
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 4.17
    rCSI 5.18%
    PRS 72.89
  • endothelial cell of uterus CL0009095
    CSI 4.08
    rCSI 29.82%
    PRS 93.84
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 4
    rCSI 3.85%
    PRS 87.77
  • endothelial cell of vascular tree CL0002139
    CSI 4
    rCSI 21.86%
    PRS 85.74
  • fibroblast of cardiac tissue CL0002548
    CSI 3.81
    rCSI 18.26%
    PRS 89.62
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 3.79%
    PRS 83.4
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 3.77
    rCSI 4.35%
    PRS 81.83
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 3.76
    rCSI 5.12%
    PRS 82.34
  • T follicular helper cell CL0002038
    CSI 3.72
    rCSI 2.79%
    PRS 96.33
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 3.72
    rCSI 3.46%
    PRS 90.11
  • regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131
    CSI 3.68
    rCSI 22.99%
    PRS 82.49
  • enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504
    CSI 3.61
    rCSI 5.16%
    PRS 89.32
  • renal alpha-intercalated cell CL0005011
    CSI 3.57
    rCSI 4.77%
    PRS 92.62
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 3.53
    rCSI 8.57%
    PRS 72.79
  • pancreatic D cell CL0000173
    CSI 3.5
    rCSI 3.44%
    PRS 90.78
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 3.47
    rCSI 12.99%
    PRS 83.9
  • cerebellar granule cell CL0001031
    CSI 3.37
    rCSI 4.95%
    PRS 83.49
  • pulmonary ionocyte CL0017000
    CSI 3.18
    rCSI 3.87%
    PRS 92.95
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI 3.16
    rCSI 5.53%
    PRS 85.05
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 3.15
    rCSI 3.91%
    PRS 88.87
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI 3.14
    rCSI 9.83%
    PRS 78.33
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 3.07
    rCSI 3.67%
    PRS 75.17
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 3.01
    rCSI 5.39%
    PRS 87.91
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 3.01
    rCSI 4.92%
    PRS 81.32
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 2.98
    rCSI 4.37%
    PRS 92.53
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 2.98
    rCSI 4.79%
    PRS 76.21
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 2.97
    rCSI 7.52%
    PRS 82.17
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 2.96
    rCSI 3.81%
    PRS 76.23
  • differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor CL4023059
    CSI 2.95
    rCSI 5.36%
    PRS 82.27
  • GABAergic neuron CL0000617
    CSI 2.94
    rCSI 9.86%
    PRS 75.17
  • kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage CL1000695
    CSI 2.86
    rCSI 7.45%
    PRS 90.32
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 2.85
    rCSI 4.55%
    PRS 91.63
  • late pro-B cell CL0002048
    CSI 2.82
    rCSI 7.06%
    PRS 96.22
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 2.76
    rCSI 3.67%
    PRS 92.14
  • pancreatic A cell CL0000171
    CSI 2.73
    rCSI 2.86%
    PRS 91.08
  • interstitial cell of Cajal CL0002088
    CSI 2.69
    rCSI 3.43%
    PRS 92.82
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 2.68
    rCSI 3.85%
    PRS 80.95
  • kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001107
    CSI 2.62
    rCSI 6.77%
    PRS 85.78
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 2.58
    rCSI 6.38%
    PRS 89.48
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 2.58
    rCSI 2.48%
    PRS 84.61
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 2.55
    rCSI 9.65%
    PRS 75.33
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 2.55
    rCSI 7.97%
    PRS 76.46
  • epithelial cell of proximal tubule CL0002306
    CSI 2.43
    rCSI 5.94%
    PRS 82.09
  • respiratory basal cell CL0002633
    CSI 2.39
    rCSI 2.48%
    PRS 90.87
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 2.34
    rCSI 2.71%
    PRS 83.25
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 2.28
    rCSI 4.03%
    PRS 74.57
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 2.23
    rCSI 3.41%
    PRS 88.41
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 2.21
    rCSI 2%
    PRS 87.91
  • stromal cell CL0000499
    CSI 2.16
    rCSI 6.06%
    PRS 84.95
  • direct pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023026
    CSI 2.08
    rCSI 49.75%
    PRS 72.79
  • renal beta-intercalated cell CL0002201
    CSI 2.07
    rCSI 4.94%
    PRS 89.03
  • indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029
    CSI 2.04
    rCSI 49.28%
    PRS 73.09
  • L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030063
    CSI 2.04
    rCSI 4.87%
    PRS 78.01
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 2.02
    rCSI 11.89%
    PRS 75.58
  • centrilobular region hepatocyte CL0019029
    CSI 2.01
    rCSI 5.25%
    PRS 85.4
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 1.93
    rCSI 4.26%
    PRS 77.84
  • fraction A pre-pro B cell CL0002045
    CSI 1.92
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 93.99
  • renal interstitial pericyte CL1001318
    CSI 1.91
    rCSI 5.26%
    PRS 86
  • renal principal cell CL0005009
    CSI 1.85
    rCSI 4.82%
    PRS 88.48
  • type EC enteroendocrine cell CL0000577
    CSI 1.85
    rCSI 6.57%
    PRS 90.52
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 1.81
    rCSI 6.5%
    PRS 73.02
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 1.73
    rCSI 1.81%
    PRS 86.67
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 1.62
    rCSI 2.72%
    PRS 75.08
  • L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030067
    CSI 1.42
    rCSI 4.68%
    PRS 77.01
  • medium spiny neuron CL1001474
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 80.4%
  • vein endothelial cell of respiratory system CL4033008
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 4.7%
    PRS 92.6%
  • central nervous system neuron CL2000029
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 5.4%
    PRS 79.9%
  • prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell CL2000059
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 20.3%
    PRS 92.9%
  • blood vessel smooth muscle cell CL0019018
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 7.5%
    PRS 85.6%
  • amacrine cell CL0000561
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 80.2%
  • large pre-B-II cell CL0000957
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 90.2%
  • podocyte CL0000653
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 5.8%
    PRS 89.5%
  • neuroplacodal cell CL0000032
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 12.3%
    PRS 87.2%
  • parietal epithelial cell CL1000452
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 3.8%
    PRS 83.0%
  • L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030067
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 4.7%
    PRS 77.0%
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 75.1%
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 86.7%
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 6.5%
    PRS 73.0%
  • type EC enteroendocrine cell CL0000577
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 6.6%
    PRS 90.5%
  • renal principal cell CL0005009
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 4.8%
    PRS 88.5%
  • renal interstitial pericyte CL1001318
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 5.3%
    PRS 86.0%
  • fraction A pre-pro B cell CL0002045
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 94.0%
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 4.3%
    PRS 77.8%
  • centrilobular region hepatocyte CL0019029
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 5.3%
    PRS 85.4%
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 11.9%
    PRS 75.6%
  • L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030063
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 4.9%
    PRS 78.0%
  • indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 49.3%
    PRS 73.1%
  • renal beta-intercalated cell CL0002201
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 4.9%
    PRS 89.0%
  • direct pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023026
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 49.8%
    PRS 72.8%
  • stromal cell CL0000499
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 6.1%
    PRS 85.0%
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 87.9%
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 88.4%
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 4.0%
    PRS 74.6%
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 83.3%
  • respiratory basal cell CL0002633
    CSI 2.4
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 90.9%
  • epithelial cell of proximal tubule CL0002306
    CSI 2.4
    rCSI 5.9%
    PRS 82.1%
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 8.0%
    PRS 76.5%
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 9.7%
    PRS 75.3%
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 84.6%
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 6.4%
    PRS 89.5%
  • kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001107
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 6.8%
    PRS 85.8%
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 3.9%
    PRS 81.0%
  • interstitial cell of Cajal CL0002088
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 92.8%
  • pancreatic A cell CL0000171
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 91.1%
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 92.1%
  • late pro-B cell CL0002048
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 7.1%
    PRS 96.2%
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 4.6%
    PRS 91.6%
  • kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage CL1000695
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 7.5%
    PRS 90.3%
  • GABAergic neuron CL0000617
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 9.9%
    PRS 75.2%
  • differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor CL4023059
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 5.4%
    PRS 82.3%
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 3.8%
    PRS 76.2%
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 7.5%
    PRS 82.2%
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 4.8%
    PRS 76.2%
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 4.4%
    PRS 92.5%
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 4.9%
    PRS 81.3%
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 5.4%
    PRS 87.9%
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 75.2%
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 9.8%
    PRS 78.3%
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 3.2
    rCSI 3.9%
    PRS 88.9%
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI 3.2
    rCSI 5.5%
    PRS 85.1%
  • pulmonary ionocyte CL0017000
    CSI 3.2
    rCSI 3.9%
    PRS 93.0%
  • cerebellar granule cell CL0001031
    CSI 3.4
    rCSI 5.0%
    PRS 83.5%
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 3.5
    rCSI 13.0%
    PRS 83.9%
  • pancreatic D cell CL0000173
    CSI 3.5
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 90.8%
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 3.5
    rCSI 8.6%
    PRS 72.8%
  • renal alpha-intercalated cell CL0005011
    CSI 3.6
    rCSI 4.8%
    PRS 92.6%
  • enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504
    CSI 3.6
    rCSI 5.2%
    PRS 89.3%
  • regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131
    CSI 3.7
    rCSI 23.0%
    PRS 82.5%
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 3.7
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 90.1%
  • T follicular helper cell CL0002038
    CSI 3.7
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 96.3%
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 5.1%
    PRS 82.3%
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 4.4%
    PRS 81.8%
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 3.8%
    PRS 83.4%
  • fibroblast of cardiac tissue CL0002548
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 18.3%
    PRS 89.6%
  • endothelial cell of vascular tree CL0002139
    CSI 4.0
    rCSI 21.9%
    PRS 85.7%
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 4.0
    rCSI 3.9%
    PRS 87.8%
  • endothelial cell of uterus CL0009095
    CSI 4.1
    rCSI 29.8%
    PRS 93.8%
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 4.2
    rCSI 5.2%
    PRS 72.9%
  • retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748
    CSI 4.4
    rCSI 8.2%
    PRS 79.9%
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 4.4
    rCSI 6.3%
    PRS 86.5%
  • neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031
    CSI 4.6
    rCSI 5.9%
    PRS 85.6%
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 4.7
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 81.3%
  • cytotoxic T cell CL0000910
    CSI 4.7
    rCSI 26.9%
    PRS 88.8%
  • ependymal cell CL0000065
    CSI 4.7
    rCSI 9.6%
    PRS 70.8%
  • ionocyte CL0005006
    CSI 4.8
    rCSI 5.1%
    PRS 90.6%
  • pulmonary artery endothelial cell CL1001568
    CSI 4.8
    rCSI 6.5%
    PRS 93.9%
  • immature B cell CL0000816
    CSI 5.0
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 95.3%
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 5.0
    rCSI 8.6%
    PRS 83.2%
  • glioblast CL0000030
    CSI 5.2
    rCSI 8.3%
    PRS 81.4%
  • Kupffer cell CL0000091
    CSI 5.2
    rCSI 11.9%
    PRS 89.9%
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 5.2
    rCSI 10.5%
    PRS 82.4%
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 5.4
    rCSI 12.1%
    PRS 75.6%
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 5.5
    rCSI 5.8%
    PRS 86.6%
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 5.8
    rCSI 6.0%
    PRS 88.0%
  • radial glial cell CL0000681
    CSI 6.1
    rCSI 8.5%
    PRS 87.5%
  • cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008
    CSI 6.3
    rCSI 25.6%
    PRS 89.7%
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 6.7
    rCSI 8.0%
    PRS 87.8%
  • endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel CL0002138
    CSI 6.9
    rCSI 13.7%
    PRS 91.1%
  • small pre-B-II cell CL0000954
    CSI 7.0
    rCSI 6.7%
    PRS 96.2%
  • blood vessel endothelial cell CL0000071
    CSI 8.2
    rCSI 17.0%
    PRS 87.2%
  • lung endothelial cell CL1001567
    CSI 8.8
    rCSI 20.5%
    PRS 95.2%
  • endothelial cell of placenta CL0009092
    CSI 9.9
    rCSI 48.9%
    PRS 93.2%
  • mast cell CL0000097
    CSI 12.3
    rCSI 26.6%
    PRS 88.6%
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 13.9
    rCSI 12.2%
    PRS 80.2%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [SMAD1](/details-gene/4086), or SMAD family member 1, is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 4q31.21. It functions as a key intracellular signal transducer and transcriptional modulator in the Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-beta) and Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling pathways. Upon phosphorylation by BMP receptor kinases, [SMAD1](/details-gene/4086) forms a complex with SMAD4, translocates to the nucleus, and directly regulates the transcription of target genes [Link](https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.11.8.984). Its high significance in a diverse array of cell types, including immune cells like [regulatory T cell](/details-cell/CL0000815)s, epithelial cells such as [basal cell of epidermis](/details-cell/CL0002187), and mesenchymal cells like [chondrocyte](/details-cell/CL0000138)s, highlights its fundamental role in development, tissue homeostasis, and immunity. Dysregulation of [SMAD1](/details-gene/4086)-mediated signaling is associated with developmental disorders, as noted in OMIM ([601595](https://omim.org/entry/601595)). ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [SMAD1](/details-gene/4086) underscores its pleiotropic functions across multiple cellular lineages. **Overall**, the gene shows the highest significance in immune cells, particularly those involved in regulation and antigen presentation. It is a top marker for [regulatory T cell](/details-cell/CL0000815) (CSI: 30.25) and [conventional dendritic cell](/details-cell/CL0000990) (CSI: 26.55), suggesting a critical role in modulating immune responses. Its prominence extends to other immune populations, including [innate lymphoid cell](/details-cell/CL0001065)s, [helper T cell](/details-cell/CL0000912)s, and [pro-B cell](/details-cell/CL0000826)s, indicating its broad involvement in both innate and adaptive immunity. Beyond the immune system, [SMAD1](/details-gene/4086) is highly significant in epithelial and mesenchymal tissues, reflecting its developmental roles. It is a key marker in [basal cell of epidermis](/details-cell/CL0002187) (CSI: 23.95) and [suprabasal keratinocyte](/details-cell/CL4033013), pointing to its involvement in skin morphogenesis and homeostasis. Its significance in [chondrocyte](/details-cell/CL0000138)s (CSI: 18.20) is consistent with its well-established function in cartilage and bone development. Furthermore, notable expression in various endothelial cell types, including [endothelial cell of placenta](/details-cell/CL0009092) and [lung endothelial cell](/details-cell/CL1001567), suggests a function in angiogenesis and vascular maintenance. The widespread, yet cell-type-specific, high significance of [SMAD1](/details-gene/4086) demonstrates its role as a fundamental signaling component essential for the function of diverse cellular systems. ## Pathways and Molecular Function Functionally, [SMAD1](/details-gene/4086) is a central component of the '[Transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway](/details-go/GO:0007179)' and specifically the '[Bmp signaling pathway](/details-go/GO:0030509)'. As a receptor-regulated SMAD (R-SMAD), it acts as a '[Dna-binding transcription factor activity, rna polymerase ii-specific](/details-go/GO:0000981)', a function established in early studies [Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/381620a0), [Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81250-7). The Reactome pathway annotations further confirm its role in '[Signaling by bmp](/details-reactome/R-HSA-201451)' and, more broadly, '[Signaling by tgfb family members](/details-reactome/R-HSA-9006936)'. The gene's biological outputs are extensive, impacting processes such as '[Anatomical structure morphogenesis](/details-go/GO:0009653)', '[Cell differentiation](/details-go/GO:0030154)', and '[Homeostatic process](/details-go/GO:0042592)'. Its high expression in [chondrocyte](/details-cell/CL0000138)s aligns with its involvement in '[Bone development](/details-go/GO:0060348)', '[Cartilage development](/details-go/GO:0051216)', and '[Ossification](/details-go/GO:0001503)', where it cooperates with other factors as seen in '[Runx2 regulates bone development](/details-reactome/R-HSA-8941326)'. Similarly, its significance in multiple immune cell types is consistent with its annotated role in the '[Inflammatory response](/details-go/GO:0006954)'. At the molecular level, [SMAD1](/details-gene/4086) engages in protein-protein interactions, including '[Co-smad binding](/details-go/GO:0070410)' (e.g., with SMAD4) to form active transcriptional complexes, and is regulated by processes like deubiquitination, as indicated by its inclusion in the '[Deubiquitination](/details-reactome/R-HSA-5688426)' pathway. ## Research Directions The diverse expression pattern of [SMAD1](/details-gene/4086) across functionally distinct cell lineages, such as immune and structural cells, suggests it acts as a master integrator of extracellular signals to direct cell-specific transcriptional programs. This dual role presents several avenues for future investigation. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its high significance in both [regulatory T cell](/details-cell/CL0000815)s and [conventional dendritic cell](/details-cell/CL0000990)s, [SMAD1](/details-gene/4086) may function as a critical molecular switch that coordinates the balance between immune tolerance and activation. In this model, BMP signals integrated by [SMAD1](/details-gene/4086) could differentially regulate tolerogenic pathways in dendritic cells while promoting the suppressive function of regulatory T cells. 2. The high CSI of [SMAD1](/details-gene/4086) in [basal cell of epidermis](/details-cell/CL0002187) suggests it is essential for maintaining the epidermal stem cell niche. It may govern the decision between self-renewal and differentiation into suprabasal keratinocytes in response to morphogenetic gradients within the skin. **Experimental Approach:** To test the first hypothesis regarding its role in coordinating immune tolerance, a conditional knockout mouse model could be employed. Specifically, generating mice with a floxed *Smad1* allele and crossing them with CD11c-Cre and Foxp3-Cre driver lines would allow for cell-specific deletion in dendritic cells and regulatory T cells, respectively. The immunological consequences could be evaluated in models of autoimmune disease (e.g., experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis) or chronic inflammation. Detailed analysis using single-cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry on immune cell populations from these mice would reveal the specific gene networks regulated by [SMAD1](/details-gene/4086) and clarify its role in maintaining immune homeostasis. **Therapeutic Potential:** As an intracellular transcription factor, [SMAD1](/details-gene/4086) is a challenging direct therapeutic target. However, its position as a central node in the druggable BMP/TGF-beta signaling pathway makes it highly relevant. Therapeutic strategies would likely focus on modulating the activity of upstream receptor kinases or downstream effector molecules in a context-specific manner. For diseases characterized by excessive BMP signaling, such as fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva or certain cancers, inhibiting the pathway of which [SMAD1](/details-gene/4086) is a part could be beneficial. Conversely, for conditions involving insufficient signaling, such as bone healing defects, targeted activation of the pathway could be explored. The pleiotropic nature of [SMAD1](/details-gene/4086) necessitates that any such therapeutic intervention be highly targeted to specific cell types to avoid significant off-target effects.

Genular Protein ID: 1178477828

Symbol: SMAD1_HUMAN

Name: Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 1

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8673135

Title: Mad-related genes in the human.

PubMed ID: 8673135

DOI: 10.1038/ng0796-347

PubMed ID: 8637600

Title: A human Mad protein acting as a BMP-regulated transcriptional activator.

PubMed ID: 8637600

DOI: 10.1038/381620a0

PubMed ID: 8653785

Title: MADR1, a MAD-related protein that functions in BMP2 signaling pathways.

PubMed ID: 8653785

DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81250-7

PubMed ID: 8663601

Title: Serine phosphorylation, chromosomal localization, and transforming growth factor-beta signal transduction by human bsp-1.

PubMed ID: 8663601

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.30.17617

PubMed ID: 8774881

Title: Receptor-associated Mad homologues synergize as effectors of the TGF-beta response.

PubMed ID: 8774881

DOI: 10.1038/383168a0

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 17974005

Title: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA consortium.

PubMed ID: 17974005

DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-8-399

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 9335504

Title: Opposing BMP and EGF signalling pathways converge on the TGF-beta family mediator Smad1.

PubMed ID: 9335504

DOI: 10.1038/39348

PubMed ID: 9136927

Title: The TGF-beta family mediator Smad1 is phosphorylated directly and activated functionally by the BMP receptor kinase.

PubMed ID: 9136927

DOI: 10.1101/gad.11.8.984

PubMed ID: 9759503

Title: TGF-beta signal transduction.

PubMed ID: 9759503

DOI: 10.1146/annurev.biochem.67.1.753

PubMed ID: 10647776

Title: Remarkable versatility of Smad proteins in the nucleus of transforming growth factor-beta activated cells.

PubMed ID: 10647776

DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6101(99)00012-x

PubMed ID: 10660046

Title: OAZ uses distinct DNA- and protein-binding zinc fingers in separate BMP-Smad and Olf signaling pathways.

PubMed ID: 10660046

DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81561-5

PubMed ID: 10708948

Title: The Smad pathway.

PubMed ID: 10708948

DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6101(99)00024-6

PubMed ID: 10708949

Title: TGF-beta signaling by Smad proteins.

PubMed ID: 10708949

DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6101(99)00025-8

PubMed ID: 12097147

Title: A novel link between the proteasome pathway and the signal transduction pathway of the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs).

PubMed ID: 12097147

DOI: 10.1186/1471-2121-3-15

PubMed ID: 14630787

Title: Early hematopoietic zinc finger protein (EHZF), the human homolog to mouse Evi3, is highly expressed in primitive human hematopoietic cells.

PubMed ID: 14630787

DOI: 10.1182/blood-2003-07-2388

PubMed ID: 15647271

Title: The integral inner nuclear membrane protein MAN1 physically interacts with the R-Smad proteins to repress signaling by the transforming growth factor-{beta} superfamily of cytokines.

PubMed ID: 15647271

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m411234200

PubMed ID: 17292623

Title: Fussel-15, a novel Ski/Sno homolog protein, antagonizes BMP signaling.

PubMed ID: 17292623

DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2007.01.002

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 21690388

Title: Smad inhibition by the Ste20 kinase Misshapen.

PubMed ID: 21690388

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1104128108

PubMed ID: 21947082

Title: USP15 is a deubiquitylating enzyme for receptor-activated SMADs.

PubMed ID: 21947082

DOI: 10.1038/ncb2346

PubMed ID: 22781750

Title: Protein phosphatase 5 modulates SMAD3 function in the transforming growth factor-beta pathway.

PubMed ID: 22781750

DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.07.003

PubMed ID: 21898662

Title: Molecular genetic characterization of SMAD signaling molecules in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

PubMed ID: 21898662

DOI: 10.1002/humu.21605

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 23150675

Title: Myotubularin-related protein 4 (MTMR4) attenuates BMP/Dpp signaling by dephosphorylation of Smad proteins.

PubMed ID: 23150675

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.413856

PubMed ID: 24554596

Title: Protein associated with SMAD1 (PAWS1/FAM83G) is a substrate for type I bone morphogenetic protein receptors and modulates bone morphogenetic protein signalling.

PubMed ID: 24554596

DOI: 10.1098/rsob.130210

PubMed ID: 25755279

Title: Nuclear export of Smads by RanBP3L regulates bone morphogenetic protein signaling and mesenchymal stem cell differentiation.

PubMed ID: 25755279

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00121-15

PubMed ID: 33667543

Title: Arginine methylation of R81 in Smad6 confines BMP-induced Smad1 signaling.

PubMed ID: 33667543

DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100496

PubMed ID: 11779505

Title: Structural basis of Smad1 activation by receptor kinase phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 11779505

DOI: 10.1016/s1097-2765(01)00417-8

PubMed ID: 21685363

Title: A Smad action turnover switch operated by WW domain readers of a phosphoserine code.

PubMed ID: 21685363

DOI: 10.1101/gad.2060811

PubMed ID: 21454478

Title: Molecular mechanism of the negative regulation of Smad1/5 protein by carboxyl terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP).

PubMed ID: 21454478

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.201814

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 465
  • Mass: 52260
  • Checksum: 2DD34B7F434DBC7E
  • Sequence:
  • MNVTSLFSFT SPAVKRLLGW KQGDEEEKWA EKAVDALVKK LKKKKGAMEE LEKALSCPGQ 
    PSNCVTIPRS LDGRLQVSHR KGLPHVIYCR VWRWPDLQSH HELKPLECCE FPFGSKQKEV 
    CINPYHYKRV ESPVLPPVLV PRHSEYNPQH SLLAQFRNLG QNEPHMPLNA TFPDSFQQPN 
    SHPFPHSPNS SYPNSPGSSS STYPHSPTSS DPGSPFQMPA DTPPPAYLPP EDPMTQDGSQ 
    PMDTNMMAPP LPSEINRGDV QAVAYEEPKH WCSIVYYELN NRVGEAFHAS STSVLVDGFT 
    DPSNNKNRFC LGLLSNVNRN STIENTRRHI GKGVHLYYVG GEVYAECLSD SSIFVQSRNC 
    NYHHGFHPTT VCKIPSGCSL KIFNNQEFAQ LLAQSVNHGF ETVYELTKMC TIRMSFVKGW 
    GAEYHRQDVT STPCWIEIHL HGPLQWLDKV LTQMGSPHNP ISSVS