Details for: COX16

Gene ID: 51241

Symbol: COX16

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000133983

Description: cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor COX16

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 208.5567
    Cell Significance Index: -32.4400
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 117.4089
    Cell Significance Index: -29.7800
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 88.7977
    Cell Significance Index: -36.5800
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 72.0666
    Cell Significance Index: -37.0700
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 27.6247
    Cell Significance Index: -34.0600
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 8.7353
    Cell Significance Index: -34.4700
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 8.6119
    Cell Significance Index: -23.0700
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 3.8735
    Cell Significance Index: 35.6700
  • Cell Name: oral mucosa squamous cell (CL1001576)
    Fold Change: 3.5832
    Cell Significance Index: 30.7900
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: 3.3086
    Cell Significance Index: 76.4400
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 2.1612
    Cell Significance Index: 265.7400
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 2.1129
    Cell Significance Index: 380.8900
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 2.0896
    Cell Significance Index: 61.3700
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 1.5432
    Cell Significance Index: 181.9900
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: 1.3846
    Cell Significance Index: 15.7300
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: 1.0772
    Cell Significance Index: 13.8000
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.9960
    Cell Significance Index: 68.8800
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.9403
    Cell Significance Index: 188.6200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.9001
    Cell Significance Index: 146.4000
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.8829
    Cell Significance Index: 113.1800
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.6086
    Cell Significance Index: 17.5400
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 0.5834
    Cell Significance Index: 15.3400
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.5118
    Cell Significance Index: 183.5900
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: 0.3843
    Cell Significance Index: 110.5700
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 0.3674
    Cell Significance Index: 6.7900
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.3550
    Cell Significance Index: 35.1200
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 0.3244
    Cell Significance Index: 9.3000
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.2909
    Cell Significance Index: 39.9500
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.2898
    Cell Significance Index: 55.1600
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.2746
    Cell Significance Index: 5.9500
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.2716
    Cell Significance Index: 120.0700
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.2620
    Cell Significance Index: 28.5000
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.2358
    Cell Significance Index: 212.8800
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.2049
    Cell Significance Index: 111.9000
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: 0.1952
    Cell Significance Index: 9.8700
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.1890
    Cell Significance Index: 8.8100
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.1774
    Cell Significance Index: 4.8300
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.1643
    Cell Significance Index: 9.2200
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 0.1170
    Cell Significance Index: 3.1300
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 0.1080
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2600
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.0988
    Cell Significance Index: 5.1300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.0857
    Cell Significance Index: 14.6400
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.0815
    Cell Significance Index: 3.8300
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.0578
    Cell Significance Index: 4.0900
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: 0.0335
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5600
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.0085
    Cell Significance Index: 0.6300
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0063
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2200
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.0009
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0300
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0004
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0100
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0094
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1100
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0176
    Cell Significance Index: -33.1100
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0197
    Cell Significance Index: -36.3500
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0235
    Cell Significance Index: -36.2000
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0268
    Cell Significance Index: -36.4900
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0285
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0285
    Cell Significance Index: -21.0900
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0312
    Cell Significance Index: -22.8500
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: -0.0314
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1900
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0504
    Cell Significance Index: -28.4500
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.0512
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2300
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0534
    Cell Significance Index: -33.9400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0598
    Cell Significance Index: -37.3600
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0768
    Cell Significance Index: -34.8600
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0803
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1700
  • Cell Name: thyroid follicular cell (CL0002258)
    Fold Change: -0.0847
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9000
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0895
    Cell Significance Index: -11.5700
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.0897
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9100
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0964
    Cell Significance Index: -11.2300
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.1379
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8600
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.1660
    Cell Significance Index: -32.9500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1684
    Cell Significance Index: -35.4600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1788
    Cell Significance Index: -20.4900
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.2067
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8200
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.2267
    Cell Significance Index: -32.9600
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.2568
    Cell Significance Index: -11.3600
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.3000
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5000
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.3130
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2400
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.3383
    Cell Significance Index: -35.2200
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.3399
    Cell Significance Index: -12.8700
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of small intestine (CL0009080)
    Fold Change: -0.3569
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6000
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.3613
    Cell Significance Index: -23.3100
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.3811
    Cell Significance Index: -20.0100
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: -0.3998
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2600
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.4056
    Cell Significance Index: -32.1200
  • Cell Name: glioblast (CL0000030)
    Fold Change: -0.4395
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7600
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.4494
    Cell Significance Index: -27.5600
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.4652
    Cell Significance Index: -19.0600
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.4935
    Cell Significance Index: -22.3700
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.5135
    Cell Significance Index: -31.5600
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.5247
    Cell Significance Index: -35.2800
  • Cell Name: neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) (CL0000031)
    Fold Change: -0.5334
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4700
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.5895
    Cell Significance Index: -15.7700
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.5926
    Cell Significance Index: -16.5600
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: -0.6531
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1000
  • Cell Name: pulmonary interstitial fibroblast (CL0002241)
    Fold Change: -0.6950
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3000
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.7177
    Cell Significance Index: -24.9400
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.7401
    Cell Significance Index: -24.2300
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: -0.7408
    Cell Significance Index: -11.1000
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.7761
    Cell Significance Index: -28.4900
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.8415
    Cell Significance Index: -26.8000

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Gene Location and Expression:** COX16 is primarily expressed in hematopoietic cells, embryonic stem cells, and cells of the bone marrow, highlighting its importance in cell development and proliferation. 2. **Protein Binding and Function:** COX16 interacts with cytochrome c oxidase subunits, facilitating their assembly and proper integration into the mitochondrial inner membrane. 3. **Cell Type-Specific Expression:** COX16 is significantly expressed in polychromatophilic erythroblasts, hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cells, and embryonic stem cells, suggesting its role in erythropoiesis, hematopoiesis, and stem cell development. 4. **Pathway Involvement:** COX16 is integral to the assembly of cytochrome c oxidase, a complex that participates in the aerobic respiration pathway and the respiratory electron transport chain. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Aerobic Respiration and Respiratory Electron Transport:** COX16 is crucial for the assembly of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal enzyme of the respiratory electron transport chain, which is essential for energy production in cells. 2. **Mitochondrial Cytochrome c Oxidase Assembly:** COX16 plays a pivotal role in the assembly of cytochrome c oxidase subunits, ensuring proper integration into the mitochondrial inner membrane. 3. **Metabolism:** COX16 is involved in maintaining mitochondrial function, which is essential for various cellular processes, including energy production, cell growth, and differentiation. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Hematological Disorders:** Alterations in COX16 expression have been associated with hematological disorders, such as anemia, leukemia, and lymphoma, highlighting its importance in erythropoiesis and hematopoiesis. 2. **Cancer Development:** COX16 has been implicated in the development of various cancers, including lung, breast, and colon cancer, suggesting its role in cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. 3. **Mitochondrial Disorders:** COX16 mutations have been linked to mitochondrial disorders, such as Leigh syndrome and MELAS syndrome, emphasizing the importance of COX16 in mitochondrial function and integrity. 4. **Immunological Disorders:** COX16 has been shown to play a role in the development and function of immune cells, including T cells and natural killer cells, highlighting its potential involvement in immunological disorders. In conclusion, COX16 is a critical gene involved in mitochondrial function and integrity, with significant implications for human health and disease. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the role of COX16 in various cellular processes and its potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of hematological and cancer-related disorders.

Genular Protein ID: 3619740652

Symbol: COX16_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q9P0S2 A6NDT5 A8K3X8 B8XYC5

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CORUM 1 CTD 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 9 Ensembl 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 2 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 1 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRO 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 2 STRING 1 SignaLink 1 TCDB 1 TopDownProteomics 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 29355485

Title: COX16 is required for assembly of cytochrome c oxidase in human cells and is involved in copper delivery to COX2.

PubMed ID: 29355485

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2018.01.004

PubMed ID: 11042152

Title: Cloning and functional analysis of cDNAs with open reading frames for 300 previously undefined genes expressed in CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells.

PubMed ID: 11042152

DOI: 10.1101/gr.140200

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 12508121

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 14.

PubMed ID: 12508121

DOI: 10.1038/nature01348

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 12446688

Title: COX16 encodes a novel protein required for the assembly of cytochrome oxidase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PubMed ID: 12446688

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m209893200

PubMed ID: 15596615

Title: Studies of COX16, COX19, and PET191 in human cytochrome-c oxidase deficiency.

PubMed ID: 15596615

DOI: 10.1001/archneur.61.12.1935

PubMed ID: 29381136

Title: COX16 promotes COX2 metallation and assembly during respiratory complex IV biogenesis.

PubMed ID: 29381136

DOI: 10.7554/elife.32572

PubMed ID: 33169484

Title: A novel variant in COX16 causes cytochrome c oxidase deficiency, severe fatal neonatal lactic acidosis, encephalopathy, cardiomyopathy, and liver dysfunction.

PubMed ID: 33169484

DOI: 10.1002/humu.24137

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 106
  • Mass: 12293
  • Checksum: EB84EE268DF62B07
  • Sequence:
    • MFAPAVMRAF RKNKTLGYGV PMLLLIVGGS FGLREFSQIR YDAVKSKMDP ELEKKLKENK 
ISLESEYEKI KDSKFDDWKN IRGPRPWEDP DLLQGRNPES LKTKTT

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.