Details for: PPBP

Gene ID: 5473

Symbol: PPBP

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000163736

Description: pro-platelet basic protein

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 26.6161
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1400
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 17.2289
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3700
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 11.4213
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6400
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 9.0205
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6400
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 3.3335
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1100
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytokine secreting effector T cell (CL0000908)
    Fold Change: 1.8036
    Cell Significance Index: 19.1900
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 1.1531
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5500
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: 0.3072
    Cell Significance Index: 4.4600
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 0.2902
    Cell Significance Index: 4.4900
  • Cell Name: luminal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002340)
    Fold Change: 0.0763
    Cell Significance Index: 0.7900
  • Cell Name: platelet (CL0000233)
    Fold Change: 0.0593
    Cell Significance Index: 0.6100
  • Cell Name: kidney cell (CL1000497)
    Fold Change: 0.0570
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4600
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: 0.0547
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9200
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: 0.0465
    Cell Significance Index: 2.4200
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte progenitor cell (CL0000553)
    Fold Change: 0.0111
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0800
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 0.0103
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1900
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.0047
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0029
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0032
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3700
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0042
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2100
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0049
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6900
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: -0.0066
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0400
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0082
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6400
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0084
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5200
  • Cell Name: helper T cell (CL0000912)
    Fold Change: -0.0091
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0116
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9800
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0120
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0128
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5700
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0135
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7100
  • Cell Name: blood cell (CL0000081)
    Fold Change: -0.0153
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1300
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0154
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0500
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.0167
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8400
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.0187
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7700
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic cell (CL0000988)
    Fold Change: -0.0239
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3500
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0350
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8000
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0356
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0387
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5200
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of cardiac tissue (CL0002548)
    Fold Change: -0.0415
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6000
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0421
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3000
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
    Fold Change: -0.0488
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7900
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.0599
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6800
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0618
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7400
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: -0.0650
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5300
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.0712
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7800
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.0722
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9300
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.0735
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7400
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.0750
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2600
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
    Fold Change: -0.0783
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5300
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.0784
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3100
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.0812
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7000
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: -0.0831
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6900
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.0895
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5000
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.1044
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7300
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.1051
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8200
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: -0.1078
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6100
  • Cell Name: perivascular cell (CL4033054)
    Fold Change: -0.1126
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5200
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.1128
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2300
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.1268
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6600
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.1283
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0300
  • Cell Name: myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000839)
    Fold Change: -0.1286
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8100
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.1298
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5100
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -0.1393
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5500
  • Cell Name: proerythroblast (CL0000547)
    Fold Change: -0.1431
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0500
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -0.1488
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3700
  • Cell Name: leukocyte (CL0000738)
    Fold Change: -0.1525
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5900
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of nonglandular part of prostate (CL1000304)
    Fold Change: -0.1539
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6800
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.1542
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic stellate cell (CL0002410)
    Fold Change: -0.1544
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9400
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.1626
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2800
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: -0.1711
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8600
  • Cell Name: myoblast (CL0000056)
    Fold Change: -0.1801
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7700
  • Cell Name: urothelial cell (CL0000731)
    Fold Change: -0.1814
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2700
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000810)
    Fold Change: -0.1879
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2400
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.1898
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8500
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.1903
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1900
  • Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
    Fold Change: -0.1905
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4700
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.1972
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6900
  • Cell Name: glandular cell of esophagus (CL0002657)
    Fold Change: -0.1980
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1200
  • Cell Name: mature alpha-beta T cell (CL0000791)
    Fold Change: -0.2017
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1000
  • Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
    Fold Change: -0.2065
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9700
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron (CL4023064)
    Fold Change: -0.2066
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1200
  • Cell Name: alternatively activated macrophage (CL0000890)
    Fold Change: -0.2069
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9200
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
    Fold Change: -0.2071
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8400
  • Cell Name: inflammatory macrophage (CL0000863)
    Fold Change: -0.2076
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6000
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: -0.2083
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6400
  • Cell Name: IgG-negative class switched memory B cell (CL0002117)
    Fold Change: -0.2091
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9400
  • Cell Name: tendon cell (CL0000388)
    Fold Change: -0.2111
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8700
  • Cell Name: suprabasal keratinocyte (CL4033013)
    Fold Change: -0.2130
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4300
  • Cell Name: connective tissue cell (CL0002320)
    Fold Change: -0.2168
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0900
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.2194
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4800
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.2197
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8100
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron (CL0010011)
    Fold Change: -0.2214
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2300
  • Cell Name: intrahepatic cholangiocyte (CL0002538)
    Fold Change: -0.2257
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8500
  • Cell Name: immature innate lymphoid cell (CL0001082)
    Fold Change: -0.2280
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8200
  • Cell Name: myoepithelial cell (CL0000185)
    Fold Change: -0.2283
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5900
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: -0.2303
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8800
  • Cell Name: prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell (CL2000059)
    Fold Change: -0.2339
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6800
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.2374
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8100
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: -0.2385
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5200
  • Cell Name: lymphocyte (CL0000542)
    Fold Change: -0.2433
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3100

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** PPBP is a chemokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family, characterized by its ability to induce chemotaxis in target cells. The protein exhibits a unique structure, consisting of four conserved cysteine residues, which are essential for its function. PPBP has been shown to interact with various receptors, including CXCR1, CXCR2, and CXCR3, facilitating its signaling pathways. Its expression is tightly regulated, with a peak in megakaryocytes and other cells involved in immune responses. **Pathways and Functions** PPBP's involvement in immune responses is multifaceted, with its primary functions including: 1. **Neutrophil chemotaxis**: PPBP acts as a chemoattractant for neutrophils, guiding their migration towards sites of inflammation. 2. **Platelet activation**: PPBP is involved in the regulation of platelet activation, signaling, and aggregation, which are crucial for hemostasis and wound repair. 3. **Immune cell trafficking**: PPBP facilitates the recruitment of immune cells, including T cells and natural killer cells, to sites of inflammation. 4. **Inflammation**: PPBP contributes to the regulation of inflammatory responses by modulating the activity of immune cells and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. 5. **Cell proliferation**: PPBP has been implicated in the regulation of cell proliferation, particularly in the context of cancer and tissue repair. **Clinical Significance** The dysregulation of PPBP has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Inflammatory disorders**: PPBP's role in regulating inflammation makes it a potential therapeutic target for diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, and inflammatory bowel disease. 2. **Cancer**: PPBP's involvement in cell proliferation and tumor growth suggests its potential as a biomarker or therapeutic target for cancer treatment. 3. **Hemostatic disorders**: PPBP's role in platelet activation and aggregation makes it a potential therapeutic target for bleeding disorders, such as thrombocytopenia. 4. **Neurological disorders**: PPBP's expression in neurons and its involvement in neuroinflammation suggest its potential as a biomarker or therapeutic target for neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. In conclusion, PPBP is a multifunctional chemokine that plays a crucial role in various physiological and pathological processes, including immune responses, hemostasis, and cell proliferation. Further research is necessary to fully elucidate the mechanisms underlying PPBP's functions and to explore its therapeutic potential in diseases characterized by dysregulation of immune responses and inflammation.

Genular Protein ID: 3930618439

Symbol: CXCL7_HUMAN

Name: Platelet basic protein

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P02775 B2R5F3 Q6IBJ8

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 2 EMBL 7 Ensembl 1 EvolutionaryTrace 1 GO 16 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 6 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 3 PDBsum 3 PIR 1 PRINTS 2 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 4 RefSeq 1 SIGNOR 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TopDownProteomics 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2713489

Title: Cloning of cDNA coding for connective tissue activating peptide III from a human platelet-derived lambda gt11 expression library.

PubMed ID: 2713489

PubMed ID: 1826003

Title: Characterization of the human beta-thromboglobulin gene. Comparison with the gene for platelet factor 4.

PubMed ID: 1826003

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)67665-9

PubMed ID: 11468158

Title: Localization of distal regulatory domains in the megakaryocyte-specific platelet basic protein/platelet factor 4 gene locus.

PubMed ID: 11468158

DOI: 10.1182/blood.v98.3.610

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15815621

Title: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4.

PubMed ID: 15815621

DOI: 10.1038/nature03466

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 2423119

Title: Characterization of human platelet basic protein, a precursor form of low-affinity platelet factor 4 and beta-thromboglobulin.

PubMed ID: 2423119

DOI: 10.1021/bi00356a023

PubMed ID: 15340161

Title: Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites.

PubMed ID: 15340161

DOI: 10.1110/ps.04682504

PubMed ID: 10877842

Title: Thrombocidins, microbicidal proteins from human blood platelets, are C-terminal deletion products of CXC chemokines.

PubMed ID: 10877842

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.27.20374

PubMed ID: 6572368

Title: Structural and biological characteristics of connective tissue activating peptide (CTAP-III), a major human platelet-derived growth factor.

PubMed ID: 6572368

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.80.3.765

PubMed ID: 12665801

Title: Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides.

PubMed ID: 12665801

DOI: 10.1038/nbt810

PubMed ID: 77677

Title: Complete covalent structure of human beta-thromboglobulin.

PubMed ID: 77677

DOI: 10.1021/bi00602a024

PubMed ID: 8950790

Title: Thrombin-activated human platelets release two NAP-2 variants that stimulate polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

PubMed ID: 8950790

PubMed ID: 2783111

Title: Connective tissue activation. XXXIII. Biologically active cleavage products of CTAP-III from human platelets.

PubMed ID: 2783111

DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(89)92330-9

PubMed ID: 2522778

Title: A novel cleavage product of beta-thromboglobulin formed in cultures of stimulated mononuclear cells activates human neutrophils.

PubMed ID: 2522778

DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(89)92203-1

PubMed ID: 7890771

Title: Limited and defined truncation at the C-terminus enhances receptor binding and degranulation activity of the neutrophil-activating peptide 2 (NAP-2). Comparison of native and recombinant NAP-2 variants.

PubMed ID: 7890771

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.11.6338

PubMed ID: 2406364

Title: Generation of the neutrophil-activating peptide NAP-2 from platelet basic protein or connective tissue-activating peptide III through monocyte proteases.

PubMed ID: 2406364

DOI: 10.1084/jem.171.2.449

PubMed ID: 2007144

Title: Chemical synthesis, purification, and characterization of two inflammatory proteins, neutrophil activating peptide 1 (interleukin-8) and neutrophil activating peptide.

PubMed ID: 2007144

DOI: 10.1021/bi00226a021

PubMed ID: 9794434

Title: Novel C-terminally truncated isoforms of the CXC chemokine beta-thromboglobulin and their impact on neutrophil functions.

PubMed ID: 9794434

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 8034022

Title: Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of recombinant human neutrophil-activating peptide 2 (rhNAP-2).

PubMed ID: 8034022

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(94)00573-7

PubMed ID: 7706245

Title: The crystal structure of recombinant human neutrophil-activating peptide-2 (M6L) at 1.9-A resolution.

PubMed ID: 7706245

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.13.7077

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 128
  • Mass: 13894
  • Checksum: BEAB7B75916723D9
  • Sequence:
    • MSLRLDTTPS CNSARPLHAL QVLLLLSLLL TALASSTKGQ TKRNLAKGKE ESLDSDLYAE 
LRCMCIKTTS GIHPKNIQSL EVIGKGTHCN QVEVIATLKD GRKICLDPDA PRIKKIVQKK 
LAGDESAD

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.