Details for: EIF2AK2

Gene ID: 5610

Symbol: EIF2AK2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000055332

Description: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 321.5142
    Cell Significance Index: -50.0100
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 179.0309
    Cell Significance Index: -45.4100
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 115.5738
    Cell Significance Index: -54.5700
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 115.2226
    Cell Significance Index: -46.8100
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 113.9951
    Cell Significance Index: -46.9600
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 102.5107
    Cell Significance Index: -52.7300
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 49.0603
    Cell Significance Index: -46.8400
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 43.2862
    Cell Significance Index: -53.3700
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 19.0044
    Cell Significance Index: -50.9100
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 13.6770
    Cell Significance Index: -53.9700
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 12.8051
    Cell Significance Index: -28.0300
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 12.3134
    Cell Significance Index: -37.8200
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 1.7117
    Cell Significance Index: 186.1900
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 1.4533
    Cell Significance Index: 291.5400
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 1.3943
    Cell Significance Index: 276.7000
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 1.2729
    Cell Significance Index: 174.8000
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 1.1802
    Cell Significance Index: 212.7600
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 1.1639
    Cell Significance Index: 15.8800
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 1.1393
    Cell Significance Index: 140.0900
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 1.0410
    Cell Significance Index: 939.9100
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.9245
    Cell Significance Index: 331.6100
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.8605
    Cell Significance Index: 55.5200
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.8344
    Cell Significance Index: 57.7100
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.8317
    Cell Significance Index: 106.6200
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.7072
    Cell Significance Index: 386.2200
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.6247
    Cell Significance Index: 17.0100
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.6120
    Cell Significance Index: 60.5400
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.5588
    Cell Significance Index: 14.9200
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.5237
    Cell Significance Index: 15.0900
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: 0.4907
    Cell Significance Index: 25.5600
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.4858
    Cell Significance Index: 336.0300
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.4752
    Cell Significance Index: 210.1100
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: 0.3925
    Cell Significance Index: 7.6600
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.3790
    Cell Significance Index: 19.6900
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.3777
    Cell Significance Index: 17.6100
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 0.3589
    Cell Significance Index: 22.0600
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 0.3555
    Cell Significance Index: 6.5700
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.3166
    Cell Significance Index: 6.8600
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.2852
    Cell Significance Index: 7.9700
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: 0.2704
    Cell Significance Index: 18.1800
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 0.2125
    Cell Significance Index: 5.6900
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.2073
    Cell Significance Index: 11.6300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.1545
    Cell Significance Index: 26.3800
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.1244
    Cell Significance Index: 5.6400
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.1098
    Cell Significance Index: 8.4300
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.1093
    Cell Significance Index: 17.7800
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.0856
    Cell Significance Index: 16.2900
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.0747
    Cell Significance Index: 5.2800
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.0682
    Cell Significance Index: 8.0400
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0515
    Cell Significance Index: 97.0500
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 0.0509
    Cell Significance Index: 1.3400
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0160
    Cell Significance Index: 24.5900
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.0122
    Cell Significance Index: 7.7500
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0092
    Cell Significance Index: 16.9400
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0078
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7400
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.0117
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5500
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0132
    Cell Significance Index: -17.9300
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0213
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0213
    Cell Significance Index: -13.2800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0254
    Cell Significance Index: -18.7900
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0453
    Cell Significance Index: -34.3000
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0604
    Cell Significance Index: -8.7800
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0646
    Cell Significance Index: -36.4400
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0861
    Cell Significance Index: -8.7900
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.1018
    Cell Significance Index: -13.1600
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.1101
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8700
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.1225
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1343
    Cell Significance Index: -28.2900
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.1590
    Cell Significance Index: -45.7600
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.1737
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1200
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.1939
    Cell Significance Index: -14.4500
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.2539
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0900
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.2650
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.2670
    Cell Significance Index: -30.5900
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.2684
    Cell Significance Index: -11.8700
  • Cell Name: microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell (CL0008035)
    Fold Change: -0.2810
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.3419
    Cell Significance Index: -39.8400
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.3857
    Cell Significance Index: -24.3100
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.3880
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.3942
    Cell Significance Index: -45.0000
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.3953
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2000
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.4026
    Cell Significance Index: -12.9000
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.4233
    Cell Significance Index: -16.0300
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.4667
    Cell Significance Index: -48.5900
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: -0.5048
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0500
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.5256
    Cell Significance Index: -41.6300
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.5491
    Cell Significance Index: -19.0800
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.5501
    Cell Significance Index: -14.7200
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -0.6038
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5600
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.6233
    Cell Significance Index: -15.5800
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.6642
    Cell Significance Index: -19.0400
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.6819
    Cell Significance Index: -17.4200
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.6985
    Cell Significance Index: -14.6200
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.7379
    Cell Significance Index: -21.6700
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.7682
    Cell Significance Index: -47.1000
  • Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
    Fold Change: -0.7815
    Cell Significance Index: -11.2400
  • Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
    Fold Change: -0.7934
    Cell Significance Index: -14.0200
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.8147
    Cell Significance Index: -23.2500
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: -0.8402
    Cell Significance Index: -17.9600
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.9385
    Cell Significance Index: -20.5500

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Interferon-inducible protein:** EIF2AK2 is induced by interferons, which are proteins that play a crucial role in the immune response against viral infections. 2. **Double-stranded RNA-binding protein:** EIF2AK2 is activated by double-stranded RNA, which is a hallmark of viral infections. 3. **Protein kinase activity:** EIF2AK2 possesses protein kinase activity, which allows it to phosphorylate and regulate various proteins. 4. **Regulation of translation:** EIF2AK2 has been shown to regulate translation by phosphorylating the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α), which is a key player in the initiation of translation. 5. **Antiviral activity:** EIF2AK2 has been shown to have antiviral activity against viral infections, including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Antiviral innate immune response:** EIF2AK2 is induced by interferons and activated by double-stranded RNA, making it a key player in the antiviral response. 2. **Translation regulation:** EIF2AK2 phosphorylates eIF2α, regulating translation and protein synthesis. 3. **Immune system regulation:** EIF2AK2 regulates immune cell differentiation, proliferation, and function, including the regulation of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation and differentiation. 4. **Cytokine signaling:** EIF2AK2 regulates cytokine signaling, including the production of chemokines and cytokines, which are essential for immune responses. 5. **Endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response:** EIF2AK2 is involved in the unfolded protein response (UPR), which is a cellular response to endoplasmic reticulum stress. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Viral infections:** EIF2AK2 has been shown to have antiviral activity against RSV and influenza, making it a potential target for the development of antiviral therapies. 2. **Immune system disorders:** EIF2AK2 is involved in the regulation of immune cell differentiation and function, making it a potential target for the treatment of immune system disorders, such as autoimmune diseases. 3. **Cancer:** EIF2AK2 has been shown to be overexpressed in various types of cancer, suggesting its potential role in cancer development and progression. 4. **Neurological disorders:** EIF2AK2 has been shown to be involved in the regulation of neural progenitor cell differentiation and function, making it a potential target for the treatment of neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. In conclusion, EIF2AK2 is a key player in the immune response and translation regulation, and its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, including viral infections, immune system disorders, and cancer. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of EIF2AK2 and its role in human health and disease.

Genular Protein ID: 594820310

Symbol: E2AK2_HUMAN

Name: Interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P19525 A8K3P0 D6W584 E9PC80 Q52M43 Q7Z6F6 Q9UIR4

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BMRB 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CDD 3 CTD 1 ChEBI 19 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 3 DrugCentral 1 EC 5 EMBL 36 EMDB 2 Ensembl 7 EvolutionaryTrace 1 GO 42 Gene3D 2 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 IDEAL 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 8 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 5 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 11 PDBsum 11 PIR 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 4 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 6 RefSeq 4 Rhea 9 SIGNOR 1 SMART 2 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 2 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TopDownProteomics 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 UniProtKB 3 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 1695551

Title: Molecular cloning and characterization of the human double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase induced by interferon.

PubMed ID: 1695551

DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90374-n

PubMed ID: 1373553

Title: Mechanism of interferon action: cDNA structure, expression, and regulation of the interferon-induced, RNA-dependent P1/eIF-2 alpha protein kinase from human cells.

PubMed ID: 1373553

DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(92)90732-5

PubMed ID: 8921913

Title: Mechanism of interferon action sequence of the human interferon-inducible RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) deduced from genomic clones.

PubMed ID: 8921913

DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(96)00314-9

PubMed ID: 8812437

Title: Structural organization of the human gene (PKR) encoding an interferon-inducible RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) and differences from its mouse homolog.

PubMed ID: 8812437

DOI: 10.1006/geno.1996.0446

PubMed ID: 9726442

Title: Genomic features of human PKR: alternative splicing and a polymorphic CGG repeat in the 5'-untranslated region.

PubMed ID: 9726442

DOI: 10.1089/jir.1998.18.609

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15815621

Title: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4.

PubMed ID: 15815621

DOI: 10.1038/nature03466

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 8576172

Title: The P58 cellular inhibitor complexes with the interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase, PKR, to regulate its autophosphorylation and activity.

PubMed ID: 8576172

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.3.1702

PubMed ID: 9079663

Title: The Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is a substrate and inhibitor of the interferon-induced, virally activated protein kinase, PKR.

PubMed ID: 9079663

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.13.8388

PubMed ID: 9143277

Title: Evidence that hepatitis C virus resistance to interferon is mediated through repression of the PKR protein kinase by the nonstructural 5A protein.

PubMed ID: 9143277

DOI: 10.1006/viro.1997.8493

PubMed ID: 9710605

Title: Control of PKR protein kinase by hepatitis C virus nonstructural 5A protein: molecular mechanisms of kinase regulation.

PubMed ID: 9710605

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.18.9.5208

PubMed ID: 9781815

Title: Biochemical and genetic evidence for complex formation between the influenza A virus NS1 protein and the interferon-induced PKR protein kinase.

PubMed ID: 9781815

DOI: 10.1089/jir.1998.18.757

PubMed ID: 10390359

Title: Inhibition of the interferon-inducible protein kinase PKR by HCV E2 protein.

PubMed ID: 10390359

DOI: 10.1126/science.285.5424.107

PubMed ID: 10848580

Title: PKR stimulates NF-kappaB irrespective of its kinase function by interacting with the IkappaB kinase complex.

PubMed ID: 10848580

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.20.13.4532-4542.2000

PubMed ID: 11438532

Title: Two dimerization domains in the trans-activation response RNA-binding protein (TRBP) individually reverse the protein kinase R inhibition of HIV-1 long terminal repeat expression.

PubMed ID: 11438532

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m103584200

PubMed ID: 11152499

Title: Hepatitis C virus envelope protein E2 does not inhibit PKR by simple competition with autophosphorylation sites in the RNA-binding domain.

PubMed ID: 11152499

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.75.3.1265-1273.2001

PubMed ID: 11337501

Title: Binding of double-stranded RNA to protein kinase PKR is required for dimerization and promotes critical autophosphorylation events in the activation loop.

PubMed ID: 11337501

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m102108200

PubMed ID: 11160738

Title: Latently expressed human herpesvirus 8-encoded interferon regulatory factor 2 inhibits double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase.

PubMed ID: 11160738

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.75.5.2345-2352.2001

PubMed ID: 11836380

Title: The herpes simplex virus type 1 U(S)11 protein interacts with protein kinase R in infected cells and requires a 30-amino-acid sequence adjacent to a kinase substrate domain.

PubMed ID: 11836380

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.76.5.2029-2035.2002

PubMed ID: 12882984

Title: Nucleophosmin interacts with and inhibits the catalytic function of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 kinase PKR.

PubMed ID: 12882984

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m301392200

PubMed ID: 15229216

Title: Protein kinase R (PKR) interacts with and activates mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 (MKK6) in response to double-stranded RNA stimulation.

PubMed ID: 15229216

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m406554200

PubMed ID: 15299030

Title: The Fanconi anemia proteins functionally interact with the protein kinase regulated by RNA (PKR).

PubMed ID: 15299030

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m403884200

PubMed ID: 15121867

Title: TRAF family proteins link PKR with NF-kappa B activation.

PubMed ID: 15121867

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.24.10.4502-4512.2004

PubMed ID: 15207627

Title: Inhibition of PKR by vaccinia virus: role of the N- and C-terminal domains of E3L.

PubMed ID: 15207627

DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2004.03.012

PubMed ID: 17158706

Title: Impact of protein kinase PKR in cell biology: from antiviral to antiproliferative action.

PubMed ID: 17158706

DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00027-06

PubMed ID: 16987971

Title: Binding and nuclear relocalization of protein kinase R by human cytomegalovirus TRS1.

PubMed ID: 16987971

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00957-06

PubMed ID: 16373505

Title: Tyrosine phosphorylation acts as a molecular switch to full-scale activation of the eIF2alpha RNA-dependent protein kinase.

PubMed ID: 16373505

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0508207103

PubMed ID: 16951545

Title: Molecular and structural characterization of the domain 2 of hepatitis C virus non-structural protein 5A.

PubMed ID: 16951545

DOI: 10.1016/s1016-8478(23)17385-7

PubMed ID: 17451199

Title: Quasispecies evolution in NS5A region of hepatitis C virus genotype 1b during interferon or combined interferon-ribavirin therapy.

PubMed ID: 17451199

DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i8.1195

PubMed ID: 17267064

Title: Mapping of the interacting domains of hepatitis C virus core protein and the double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase PKR.

PubMed ID: 17267064

DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2006.12.010

PubMed ID: 17079286

Title: Double-stranded RNA deaminase ADAR1 increases host susceptibility to virus infection.

PubMed ID: 17079286

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01527-06

PubMed ID: 17196820

Title: Activation of PKR: an open and shut case?

PubMed ID: 17196820

DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2006.12.003

PubMed ID: 18835251

Title: Nck-1 interacts with PKR and modulates its activation by dsRNA.

PubMed ID: 18835251

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.09.112

PubMed ID: 18096616

Title: Interaction of human tRNA-dihydrouridine synthase-2 with interferon-induced protein kinase PKR.

PubMed ID: 18096616

DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkm1129

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 18971339

Title: Protein kinase PKR mutants resistant to the poxvirus pseudosubstrate K3L protein.

PubMed ID: 18971339

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805524105

PubMed ID: 19507191

Title: PKR activity is required for acute leukemic cell maintenance and growth: a role for PKR-mediated phosphatase activity to regulate GSK-3 phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 19507191

DOI: 10.1002/jcp.21848

PubMed ID: 19229320

Title: An antiviral response directed by PKR phosphorylation of the RNA helicase A.

PubMed ID: 19229320

DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000311

PubMed ID: 19690332

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions.

PubMed ID: 19690332

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000007

PubMed ID: 19189853

Title: PKR protein kinase is activated by hepatitis C virus and inhibits viral replication through translational control.

PubMed ID: 19189853

DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2009.01.007

PubMed ID: 20171114

Title: A role for protein kinase PKR in the mediation of Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein-1-induced IL-6 and IL-10 expression.

PubMed ID: 20171114

DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2010.01.008

PubMed ID: 20395957

Title: New Cdc2 Tyr 4 phosphorylation by dsRNA-activated protein kinase triggers Cdc2 polyubiquitination and G2 arrest under genotoxic stresses.

PubMed ID: 20395957

DOI: 10.1038/embor.2010.45

PubMed ID: 21123651

Title: Phosphorylation of the NFAR proteins by the dsRNA-dependent protein kinase PKR constitutes a novel mechanism of translational regulation and cellular defense.

PubMed ID: 21123651

DOI: 10.1101/gad.1965010

PubMed ID: 20519500

Title: Respiratory syncytial virus limits alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2alpha) phosphorylation to maintain translation and viral replication.

PubMed ID: 20519500

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.077321

PubMed ID: 19840259

Title: Double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase inhibits hepatitis C virus replication but may be not essential in interferon treatment.

PubMed ID: 19840259

DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2009.02144.x

PubMed ID: 20685959

Title: The double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase differentially regulates insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2 in HepG2 cells.

PubMed ID: 20685959

DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e10-06-0481

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 21029237

Title: Modulation of tau phosphorylation by the kinase PKR: implications in Alzheimer's disease.

PubMed ID: 21029237

DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.2010.00437.x

PubMed ID: 21924887

Title: Protein kinase PKR and RNA adenosine deaminase ADAR1: new roles for old players as modulators of the interferon response.

PubMed ID: 21924887

DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2011.08.009

PubMed ID: 21166592

Title: The role of protein kinase R in the interferon response.

PubMed ID: 21166592

DOI: 10.1089/jir.2010.0099

PubMed ID: 21072047

Title: Multiple forms of PKR present in the nuclei of acute leukemia cells represent an active kinase that is responsive to stress.

PubMed ID: 21072047

DOI: 10.1038/leu.2010.264

PubMed ID: 21710204

Title: PKR-dependent mechanisms of interferon-? for inhibiting hepatitis B virus replication.

PubMed ID: 21710204

DOI: 10.1007/s10059-011-1059-6

PubMed ID: 22214662

Title: The RAX/PACT-PKR stress response pathway promotes p53 sumoylation and activation, leading to G(1) arrest.

PubMed ID: 22214662

DOI: 10.4161/cc.11.2.18999

PubMed ID: 22633454

Title: Penetration resistance: PKR's other talent.

PubMed ID: 22633454

DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2012.05.010

PubMed ID: 22948139

Title: Protein kinase PKR amplification of interferon beta induction occurs through initiation factor eIF-2alpha-mediated translational control.

PubMed ID: 22948139

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.390039

PubMed ID: 23084476

Title: Cytoplasmic STAT3 represses autophagy by inhibiting PKR activity.

PubMed ID: 23084476

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2012.09.013

PubMed ID: 22223895

Title: Comparative large-scale characterisation of plant vs. mammal proteins reveals similar and idiosyncratic N-alpha acetylation features.

PubMed ID: 22223895

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.015131

PubMed ID: 22801494

Title: Novel role of PKR in inflammasome activation and HMGB1 release.

PubMed ID: 22801494

DOI: 10.1038/nature11290

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 23092889

Title: PKR-dependent inflammatory signals.

PubMed ID: 23092889

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2003511

PubMed ID: 22381929

Title: Protein kinase PKR catalytic activity is required for the PKR-dependent activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and amplification of interferon beta induction following virus infection.

PubMed ID: 22381929

DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2012.01.029

PubMed ID: 23202496

Title: dsRNA-dependent protein kinase PKR and its role in stress, signaling and HCV infection.

PubMed ID: 23202496

DOI: 10.3390/v4112598

PubMed ID: 23403623

Title: PKR regulates proliferation, differentiation and survival of murine hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells.

PubMed ID: 23403623

DOI: 10.1182/blood-2012-09-456400

PubMed ID: 23354059

Title: The eIF2alpha kinases: their structures and functions.

PubMed ID: 23354059

DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1252-6

PubMed ID: 23229543

Title: Activation of double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR) by interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) modification down-regulates protein translation.

PubMed ID: 23229543

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.401851

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 23325696

Title: Toscana virus NSs protein promoftes degradation of double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase.

PubMed ID: 23325696

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02506-12

PubMed ID: 23115276

Title: Stress granule formation induced by measles virus is protein kinase PKR dependent and impaired by RNA adenosine deaminase ADAR1.

PubMed ID: 23115276

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02270-12

PubMed ID: 23372823

Title: Protein kinase regulated by dsRNA downregulates the interferon production in dengue virus- and dsrna-stimulated human lung epithelial cells.

PubMed ID: 23372823

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055108

PubMed ID: 23399035

Title: The modulation of hepatitis C virus 1a replication by PKR is dependent on NF-kB mediated interferon beta response in Huh7.5.1 cells.

PubMed ID: 23399035

DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2013.01.015

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25740987

Title: Mutational analysis of vaccinia virus E3 protein: the biological functions do not correlate with its biochemical capacity to bind double-stranded RNA.

PubMed ID: 25740987

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.03288-14

PubMed ID: 27780231

Title: A Single Amino Acid Dictates Protein Kinase R Susceptibility to Unrelated Viral Antagonists.

PubMed ID: 27780231

DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005966

PubMed ID: 29084250

Title: KSHV inhibits stress granule formation by viral ORF57 blocking PKR activation.

PubMed ID: 29084250

DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006677

PubMed ID: 9736623

Title: Structure of the double-stranded RNA-binding domain of the protein kinase PKR reveals the molecular basis of its dsRNA-mediated activation.

PubMed ID: 9736623

DOI: 10.1093/emboj/17.18.5458

PubMed ID: 16179258

Title: Higher-order substrate recognition of eIF2alpha by the RNA-dependent protein kinase PKR.

PubMed ID: 16179258

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2005.06.044

PubMed ID: 31246429

Title: Structural Basis of Protein Kinase R Autophosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 31246429

DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00161

PubMed ID: 32197074

Title: De novo EIF2AK1 and EIF2AK2 variants are associated with developmental delay, leukoencephalopathy, and neurologic decompensation.

PubMed ID: 32197074

DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.02.016

PubMed ID: 17344846

Title: Patterns of somatic mutation in human cancer genomes.

PubMed ID: 17344846

DOI: 10.1038/nature05610

PubMed ID: 33236446

Title: EIF2AK2 Missense Variants Associated with Early Onset Generalized Dystonia.

PubMed ID: 33236446

DOI: 10.1002/ana.25973

PubMed ID: 33866603

Title: A Recurrent EIF2AK2 Missense Variant Causes Autosomal-Dominant Isolated Dystonia.

PubMed ID: 33866603

DOI: 10.1002/ana.26081

PubMed ID: 35146068

Title: Heterozygous EIF2AK2 Variant Causes Adolescence-Onset Generalized Dystonia Partially Responsive to DBS.

PubMed ID: 35146068

DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13371

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 551
  • Mass: 62094
  • Checksum: 815AD83ACAB45DA3
  • Sequence:
    • MAGDLSAGFF MEELNTYRQK QGVVLKYQEL PNSGPPHDRR FTFQVIIDGR EFPEGEGRSK 
KEAKNAAAKL AVEILNKEKK AVSPLLLTTT NSSEGLSMGN YIGLINRIAQ KKRLTVNYEQ 
CASGVHGPEG FHYKCKMGQK EYSIGTGSTK QEAKQLAAKL AYLQILSEET SVKSDYLSSG 
SFATTCESQS NSLVTSTLAS ESSSEGDFSA DTSEINSNSD SLNSSSLLMN GLRNNQRKAK 
RSLAPRFDLP DMKETKYTVD KRFGMDFKEI ELIGSGGFGQ VFKAKHRIDG KTYVIKRVKY 
NNEKAEREVK ALAKLDHVNI VHYNGCWDGF DYDPETSDDS LESSDYDPEN SKNSSRSKTK 
CLFIQMEFCD KGTLEQWIEK RRGEKLDKVL ALELFEQITK GVDYIHSKKL IHRDLKPSNI 
FLVDTKQVKI GDFGLVTSLK NDGKRTRSKG TLRYMSPEQI SSQDYGKEVD LYALGLILAE 
LLHVCDTAFE TSKFFTDLRD GIISDIFDKK EKTLLQKLLS KKPEDRPNTS EILRTLTVWK 
KSPEKNERHT C

Genular Protein ID: 3112136794

Symbol: Q8IW76_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q8IW76

Database IDs:

ARBA 2 AlphaFoldDB 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 CDD 2 CTD 1 ChEBI 1 ChiTaRS 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 3 GO 5 Gene3D 2 InterPro 8 KEGG 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PROSITE 6 PROSITE-ProRule 2 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 RefSeq 2 SAM 1 SMART 2 SUPFAM 2

Citations:

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 513
  • Mass: 57620
  • Checksum: 9AE10C04358E0699
  • Sequence:
    • MAGDLSAGFF MEELNTYRQK QGVVLKYQEL PNSGPPHDRR FTFQVIIDGR EFPEGEGRSK 
KEAKNAAAKL AVEILNKEKK AVSPLLLTTT NSSEGLSMGN YIGLINRIAQ KKRLTVNYEQ 
CASGVHGPEG FHYKCKMGQK EYSIGTGSTK QEAKQLAAKL AYLQILSEET SVKSDYLSSG 
SFATTCESQS NSLVTSTLAS ESSSEGDFSA DTSEINSNSD SLNSSSLLMN GLRNNQRKAK 
RSLAPRFDLP DMKETKYTVD KRFGMDFKEI ELIGSGGFGQ VFKAKHRIDG KTYVIKRVKY 
NNEKAEREVK ALAKLDHVNI VHYNGCWDGF DYDPETSDDS LESSDYDPEN SKNSSRSKTK 
CLFIQMEFCD KGTLEQWIEK RRGEKLDKVL ALELFEQITK GVDYIHSKKL IHRDLKPSNI 
FLVDTKQVKI GDFGLVTSLK NDGKRTRSKG TLRYMSPEQI SSQDYGKEVD LYALGLILAE 
LLHVCDTAFE TSKFFTDLRD GIISDIFDKK KKK

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.